社区旅游参与视角下民族村寨旅游地居民地方感生成研究

居民地方感领域的研究在深化“人-地”关系认识、旅游目的地地方性塑造、旅游资源开发与保护以及旅游规划等方面具有特殊意义。已有研究主要探讨人口统计学特征、物理环境和社会环境等影响因素,缺乏对旅游世界中人与场的积极互动而产生的地方感等问题的讨论。本研究从社区旅游参与视角,通过田野调查的方法收集郎德上寨村民主诉的旅游参与实践,对民族旅游村寨居民地方感的生成问题进行分析。研究发现:郎德上寨村民的社区旅游参与主要表现为“合作激励型”“自我激励型”“机械被动型”和“利益激励型”4种类型;在社区旅游参与过程中,村民获得了强烈的地方感,并由自然地理和人文物理环境、社会文化特性、经济制度、乡土认同、血缘认同、文化认同、房屋归属感和生活便利性等内容体现。本研究还发现,居民地方感在不同的社区旅游参与形态中表现出差异性;社区旅游参与和地方感之间是双向、交互式的影响关系,其中,旅游效益感知因素在二者的关系中起着重要的中介作用。     

传统居民旅游开发中居民参与问题思考

传统居民是一种独特的旅游资源，在许多地方都巳得到一定程度的开发利用，由于其所有权多属于居民，在开发利用过程中居民也是一个重要的主体，因此必须考虑居民的参与问题，本文就此进行了初步的探讨。     

中国旅游发展笔谈——如何发展中国特色的乡村旅游（二）——两类乡村旅游地的分类模式及发展趋势

最近乡村旅游被越来越多的人所关注。在理论界出现了一系列研究乡村旅游的论文；旅游实践界出台了不少开发乡村旅游项目及产品的规划方案和广告型介绍材料。我国在乡村旅游方面能形成这种快速发展的火热局面，其原因主要是与国家的提倡、旅行社的推广、政府的政策与资金扶持以及各开发商的积极响应分不开的。刘德谦教授2006年1月20日在《中国旅游报》发表的《乡村旅游、     

国外旅游地居民旅游感知和态度研究综述

自20世纪70年代以来,研究旅游地居民对旅游发展的感知和态度逐渐成为国外旅游影响研究的重要课题。本文通过对国外《Annals of Tourism Research》和《Tourism Management》两种SSCI引用的旅游期刊所发表的相关文献的梳理,较为系统地对国外相关研究进行了归纳和评述,其研究焦点集中在居民对旅游影响的感知、居民对某些特殊旅游产品的感知和态度、居民旅游感知和态度的影响因素、相关理论以及基于居民旅游感知和态度差异的群体聚类等五个方面。在此基础上,对我国的旅游地居民旅游感知和态度研究进行了展望。     

传统民居旅游开发中居民参与问题思考

传统民居是一种独特的旅游资源 ,在许多地方都已得到一定程度的开发利用 ,由于其所有权多属于居民 ,在开发利用过程中居民也是一个重要的主体 ,因此必须考虑居民的参与问题 ,本文就此进行了初步的探讨。     

旅游地景观生态规划与设计研究

本文以福州市青云山风景区为实例,紧扣旅游与环境问题,突出规划的两大目标——发展旅游事业和保护生态环境,在景观现状格局分析、适宜性评价、生态安全格局辨识和敏感度分析的基础上,拟定旅游地景观总体规划设计方案。然后,围绕主题从整体到局部多层次深入展开,突出宏观总体格局、中观功能分区和微观单元设计三个级别的规划与设计。最后,对规划前后进行对比分析,确认规划方案的优劣。结果表明。对旅游地进行景观生态规划与设计具有实践上的可行性。能满足风景区旅游生态平衡与人地协调的发展要求。     

可持续旅游与旅游地社区发展

正随着可持续发展理念的产生和推广,以及人们对于旅游发展负面影响的认知与关注,可持续旅游的概念应运而生。可持续旅游可以说是可持续发展思想在旅游领域的探讨和应用。由于其概念具有吸引力并顺应时代发展的潮流,可持续旅游成为近20年来旅游领域备受关注的概念之一,不仅得到了全球旅游行业和学术研究领域的重视,也被很多国际组织和政府所推崇。20多年来,众多学者、旅游研究机构和组织从     

世界遗产地旅游发展与社区参与

一、世界遗产地的旅游发展联合国教育、科学及文化组织于1972年11月第17届会议通过《保护世界文化和自然遗产公约》,旨在针对具有突出普遍价值的文化和自然遗产提供紧急和长期的保护.至此,在世界范围内掀起了对遗产资源保护与利用的持续关注.     

Tourist–resident interfaces: using reflexive photography to develop responsible rural tourism in Indonesia

This study examines how Indonesia can responsibly develop rural tourism within the tolerance range of local people, particularly for controlling their unique landscapes. It employs reflexive photography as a tool to involve residents for rural tourism development in Sambi village. Data were collected in Sambi using reflexive photography procedures, including a photo-making process and photo-interview. Twenty-eight residents were issued a single-use camera and requested to take photographs of what they deemed important to them. Cameras were provided for a two-week period followed by individual interviews; 618 useable photos were taken. They were coded into 15 topics, and then consolidated into five themes that residents wanted to share: their way of life, environmental features, built structures, people, art and ceremony, while also protecting the cemetery and mosque from tourists. Two strategies (time and space) were utilized by the residents to negotiate what they wanted to share as well as conceal. Residents view time in terms of sacred time (residents time spent alone, family time and time for religious prayer) and impartial time (devoted to working and other daily routines). A model based on four time and space zones was formulated to understand how residents control their landscapes for tourism development.     

城市周边乡村旅游市场特征研究——以长沙市周边乡村旅游为例

发展乡村旅游,对中国和谐农村的建设意义巨大.文章用问卷调查的方法收集基础数据,采用Excel软件进行分析,得出长沙市周边乡村旅游市场的总体特征.通过交叉分析得出以下结论:出游方式与总体评价上出现了明显的年龄分异;出游方式、出游频次、旅游花费上表现出职业分异色彩;同时,住宿与停留时间、出游时间与交通工具、出游时间与信息渠道、总体评价与停留天数方面出现了明显的互动关系.     

Implementing sustainable tourism in Scotland: an interview

In China, sites categorised as UNESCO World Heritage Sites are commonly used as a means of economic regeneration through tourism development. This study is of a recent addition to the list, the diaolou (fortified tower houses) of Kaiping, Guangdong, in South China. This rural zone, characterised by past emigration and farming, is in the early stages of tourism development. The study, based on interviews and a survey, permits findings to be compared with other rural areas in China such as Hungcun and the Tangyue Arches of Bao Village in Anhui, and thus while similarities in attitudes are found, in Kaiping differences exist whereby tourism has been found to permit entrepreneurial activities while retaining an agricultural base as the “new tourism rich” employ others to continue farming. The work is contextualised within a model of evolving literature related to tourism impacts on communities. The paper explores a range of issues in sustainable tourism, including the use of tourism as a tool for social, economic and cultural development, holistic approaches to heritage tourism, and the development of glocalisation as a response to globalisation. It discusses differences in approach to heritage tourism, cultural change and commodification between western and Chinese scholars and society.     

论旅游地形象策划的参与型组织模式

游客和社区居民对旅游地的认知是旅游地形象策划的社会基础,因此需要有一个建立在广泛意义上的社会参与机制,以保证旅游地形象策划的科学性和系统性,而传统的旅游地形象策划模式显然缺乏这一机制,本文以此为基础,探讨了旅游地形象策划的系统组织程序,并据此提出了旅游地形象策划的参与型组织模式。     

Urban residents’ place-based perceptions and attitudes toward tourism development: a comparison between the United States and China

This study aims to examine whether any cultural difference exists on the influence of residents’ place-based perceptions on perceived tourism impacts and support for tourism. A survey was distributed to urban residents in China and the United States. Structural equation modeling results show that self-esteem and self-efficacy were two important factors that influence residents’ attitude to tourism impacts in both contexts. Distinctiveness was only observed as influential in the China study, while continuity was not evident in either culture. Results imply the need for destination marketers to use various strategies to reach the target market.     

A Review of “Raj Rhapsodies: tourism,heritage and the seduction of history”

Many researchers have used stage-based and life cycle models to describe destination development and local residents’ changing reactions to tourism. Typically, they report that resident attitudes towards tourism, and its perceived outcomes for host populations, worsen with increasing experience and involvement in tourism. However, stage-based models traditionally focus on mature destinations in developed countries. In contrast, scholarship on ecotourism derives largely from developing countries and suggests that increased participation leads to more favourable outcomes and attitudes towards tourism. This paper breaks new ground by exploring attitudes to tourism in an emerging destination in a developing country and linking that exploration to a revised stage-based model. It uses ethnographic data to evaluate responses to recent tourism development in Nicaragua. While findings are complex and do not support a linear relationship between the level of experience in tourism and the attitudes of local residents, they do indicate a relationship between these two theoretical perspectives that can be used to inform one another. Notably, workers in tourism are more critical of the tourism industry than residents are. Important amendments to stage-based models are suggested that will assist tourism planners with the creation of more sustainable, community-centred development.     

Conference Reports

Governments at all levels have assumed greater responsibility for, and involvement in, tourism destination planning and development. In the post-Brundtland era local governments in particular have been under closer scrutiny for their role in driving the sustainable development agenda in tourism destination contexts. Yet, a notable research gap still exists despite the increased focus on local government, particularly in terms of empirical research investigating the roles and responsibilities of local government in addressing sustainable tourism development. Given this context, this paper explores the role of local government in facilitating, or indeed inhibiting, sustainable development objectives in a tourism destination context. To assess this issue, it uses in-depth interviews with local government representatives and key destination stakeholders from five local government areas in Queensland, Australia. It shows that local government had assumed responsibility for facilitating the sustainable tourism agenda, due to the absence of strong industry leadership and due to top-down directives from state and federal governments. However, power struggles, tokenistic public participation and the strong influence of the local government authority in local governance structures were found to be inhibitors to sustainable tourism development.     

基于扩大内需的中国农村居民旅游市场开发研究

随着中国农村经济的发展和农村居民收入的提高,越来越多的农村居民开始离开家门到大城市、到著名景点观光旅游,然而对这个庞大的市场,无论是理论界、企业界,还是有关政府部门,重视程度还都欠缺,更没有统一的总体发展规划,本文试图从农村居民旅游市场的潜力、特征、存在的问题入手,探讨在当前国际金融危机的背景下,作为扩大内需的一个重要途径的农村居民旅游市场,我们应该如何去重视,并推动其成熟发展。     

杭州旅游:新城市新模式新发展

从研究者自我融入与审视的视角出发,以城市旅游发展为分析接入点,对杭州旅游业发展基本脉络与特征研判后认为,杭州城市旅游未来的发展来自系列化的旅游创新,核心是三全体系的建构,即全要素旅游资源、全环节旅游产品和全领域旅游产业,但杭州开拓性旅游业未来发展的部分障碍也需要给予重点关注.以杭州为案例地的城市旅游发展模式、经验与问题对国内类同旅游地有重要的借鉴和参考价值.