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排序方式: 共有762条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
21.
22.
Herausforderndes Verhalten bei Demenz - Wenn Aggression, erh?hter Bewegungsdrang, starke Orientierungsprobleme, Selbst- und
Fremdgef?hrdung oder andere „herausfordernde“ Verhaltensweisen auftreten, wird die Pflege und Begleitung von Demenzkranken
als Belastung erlebt. Doch Pflegende stehen dem Problem nicht hilflos gegenüber. Eine interdisziplin?re Expertengruppe gibt
mit ihren Empfehlungen ein Handlungsgerüst. 相似文献
23.
In most OECD countries, the wage gap between men and women has narrowed during the past two decades. Developments of the last
20 years, e.g., increased labour market attachment of women or the introduction of equal pay laws, may have reduced the gender
wage gap. We investigate the extent, persistence, and socio-economic determinants of the gender wage gap in Austria, for the
years 1983 and 1997. Using wage decomposition techniques, we find that the average gender wage gap was almost as high in 1997
as it was in 1983. Not accounting for differences, the gender wage gap dropped from 25.5 to 23.3% of men’s wages. Taking observable
differences between men and women into account, we estimate that the mean gender wage gap that cannot be explained, i.e.,
discrimination against women, dropped from 17 to 14% of men’s wages. A decomposition of the gender wage gap over time indicates
that both returns to human capital and less discrimination were responsible for the narrowing of the gender wage gap.
相似文献
Christine ZulehnerEmail: |
24.
We examine the effect of a federally-funded local infrastructure spending program on local unemployment rates. To address the likely funding endogeneity problem, we exploit variation in spending due to pork-barreling, and find that higher government expenditure on roads substantially reduces local unemployment. 相似文献
25.
Who produces for whom in the world economy? 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Guillaume Daudin Christine Rifflart Danielle Schweisguth 《The Canadian journal of economics》2011,44(4):1403-1437
Abstract For two decades, the share of trade in inputs, also called vertical trade, has been dramatically increasing. In reallocating trade flows to their original input‐producing industries and countries, this paper suggests a new measure of international trade: ‘value‐added trade’ and makes it possible to answer the question ‘who produces for whom?’ In 2004, 27% of international trade was vertical trade. The industrial and geographic patterns of value‐added trade are very different from those of standard trade. Value‐added trade is relatively less important in regional trade but the difference is not more important for Asia than for America. 相似文献
26.
Innovation and market orientation are two strategic orientations or business philosophies that can guide a company in its business activities. Although the interaction effect of these two strategic orientations is conceptually recognized as a critical factor for new product's success, empirical results are mixed. This paper examines this issue in terms of innovation orientation, two types of market orientations (responsive and proactive), and new product performance. Based on a sample of 107 high-tech firms, the results of this study show that the interaction between innovation orientation and two types of market orientation yields different patterns of nonlinear responses for new product performance. Specifically, new product performance, when derived from the interaction between innovation orientation and responsive market orientation, is in the form of an inverted U, i.e., the interaction effect is contributory to firm performance until an optimal level is reached, and then the effect becomes detrimental thereafter. However, new product performance derived from innovation orientation and proactive market orientation is in the form of a U, i.e., the interaction effect is detrimental to firm performance until a threshold level is reached and then the effect becomes contributory thereafter. The different patterns of new product performance indicate that the costs and organizational learning effects of these two strategic orientation interactions are dissimilar. The paper concludes with a discussion of theoretical and practical implications of these findings. 相似文献
27.
Bundesgesundheitsminister R?sler hat für 2011 eine umfassende Pflegereform sowohl der Leistungsseite als auch der Einnahmenstruktur
angekündigt. Die Autoren dieses Beitrags machen den Vorschlag, die umlagefinanzierte Pflegeversicherung um eine kapitalgedeckte
S?ule zu erg?nzen. 相似文献
28.
29.
Hung-Wen Yeh Byron J. Gajewski David G. Perdue Angel Cully Lance Cully K. Allen Greiner Won S. Choi Christine Makosy Daley 《Quality and Quantity》2014,48(5):2569-2587
We discuss a mixed methodology for analyzing pile sorting data. We created a list of 14 barriers to colon cancer screening and recruited 18, 13, and 14 participants from three American Indian (AI) communities to perform pile sorting. Quantitative data were analyzed by cluster analysis and multidimensional scaling. Differences across sites were compared using permutation bootstrapping. Qualitative data collected during sorting were compiled by AI staff members who determined names for the clusters found in quantitative analysis. Results showed five clusters of barriers in each site although barriers in the clusters varied slightly across sites. Simulation demonstrated type I error rates around the nominal 0.05 level whereas power depended on the numbers of clusters, and between and within cluster variability. 相似文献
30.
Christine Piette Durrance 《Atlantic Economic Journal》2009,37(4):409-423
Many states have implemented some form of Any-Willing-Provider (AWP) legislation, which requires a managed care organization
(MCO) to accept any provider, who agrees to the managed care organization’s reimbursement rates, terms, and conditions, into
its network. AWP laws may result in larger networks, more patient choice, and greater competition among providers. Opponents
cite AWP legislation as prohibiting managed care organizations from selective contracting and obtaining discounts by offering
providers a larger volume of patients. Such legislation is therefore argued to prevent MCOs from effectively reducing health
care costs. A small literature exists on the effect of these laws on hospital expenditures, physician expenditures, and total
health care expenditures. Most studies, however, fail to recognize that the vast majority of the existing laws target pharmacies
exclusively, as opposed to more comprehensive laws that also apply to physicians and hospitals. If AWP legislation prevents
cost reduction available through selective contracting, then states with such legislation may incur higher health care expenditures.
I find that pharmacy-specific AWP legislation is associated with increased pharmaceutical expenditures. This result is robust
to several alternative specifications. 相似文献