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991.
Multiemployer health funds are being hammered from several directions. While it is difficult to find a silver lining in the situation, plan sponsors are far from helpless. They should immediately begin to take concrete steps to help stabilize plan costs in order to be able to continue to offer their members meaningful health coverage. 相似文献
992.
993.
An algebraic theory of portfolio allocation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Summary. Using group and majorization theory, we explore what can be established about allocation of funds among assets when asymmetries
in the returns vector are carefully controlled. The key insight is that preferences over allocations can be partially ordered
via majorized convex hulls that have been generated by a permutation group. Group transitivity suffices to ensure complete
portfolio diversification. Point-wise stabilizer subgroups admit sectoral separability in fund allocations. We also bound
the admissible allocation vector by a set of linear constraints the coefficients of which are determined by group operations
on location and scale asymmetries in the rate of returns vector. For a distribution that is symmetric under a reflection group,
the linear constraints may be further strengthened whenever there exists an hyperplane that separates convex sets.
Received: May 15, 2001; revised version: March 20, 2002
RID="*"
ID="*" Journal paper No. J-19797 of the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, Iowa. Project No. 3463,
and supported by Hatch Act and State of Iowa funds.
Correspondence to: D. A. Hennessy 相似文献
994.
995.
Cooper Michael Downs David H. Patterson Gary A. 《The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics》2000,20(2):225-244
This article examines the relation between systematic price changes and the heterogeneity of investors information sets in real estate asset markets. The empirical implications rely on a theoretical economy in which information asymmetry alters the dynamic relation between returns and trading volume. We employ a filter-rule methodology to determine predictability in returns and augment the return-based conditioning set with trading volume. The additional conditioning information is necessary since the model is underspecified when predictability is based on returns alone. Our results provide new insight into the coexistence of informational and noninformational exchange in the speculative markets for real estate assets. Specifically, we find that the predictability of real estate returns is generally more indicative of portfolio rebalancing effects than an adverse-selection problem. These results are unique in addressing the time-variation in information asymmetry. 相似文献
996.
David Granlund 《International Tax and Public Finance》2007,14(4):503-524
This paper addresses vertical fiscal externalities in a model where the state governments provide health care and the federal
government provides a sickness benefit. Both levels of government tax labor income and policy decisions affect labor income
as well as participation in the labor market. The results show that the vertical externality affecting the state governments’
policy decisions can be either positive or negative depending on, among other things, the wage elasticity of labor supply
and the marginal product of expenditure on health care. Moreover, it is proved that the vertical fiscal externality will not
vanish by assigning all powers of taxation to the states.
相似文献
997.
Daily mutual fund flows and redemption policies 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Jason T. Greene Charles W. Hodges David A. Rakowski 《Journal of Banking & Finance》2007,31(12):3822-3842
We examine how redemption policies affect daily fund flows in open-end mutual funds. Since short-term trading of fund shares, as manifested in daily fund flows, can have an adverse impact on returns to the fund’s shareholders, mutual funds might find it desirable to discourage short-term trading through the use of redemption fees. However, if daily fund flows are due to fund shareholders’ legitimate liquidity demands, the redemption fee would have little effect on daily fund flows and possibly adversely affect fund shareholders by imposing a liquidity cost on them. We find that the likelihood of a fund charging a redemption fee is largely a function of its overall fee structure. We also use a sample of funds that imposed redemption fees to examine whether the distribution of daily fund flows changes after the initiation of the redemption fee. We find that the redemption fee is an effective tool in controlling the volatility of fund flows. 相似文献
998.
Demographic change, social security systems, and savings 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
In theory, improvements in healthy life expectancy should generate increases in the average age of retirement, with little effect on savings rates. In many countries, however, retirement incentives in social security programs prevent retirement ages from keeping pace with changes in life expectancy, leading to an increased need for life-cycle savings. Analyzing a cross-country panel of macroeconomic data, we find that increased longevity raises aggregate savings rates in countries with universal pension coverage and retirement incentives, though the effect disappears in countries with pay-as-you-go systems and high replacement rates. 相似文献
999.
1000.
Lawrence Skinner Powell David William Sommer 《Journal of Financial Services Research》2007,31(2-3):173-188
This study compares internal and external sources of capital in the insurance industry by analyzing reinsurance activity between affiliated and unaffiliated insurers. Tests are performed using data from a large sample of property-liability insurers that are affiliated with at least one other property-liability insurer. Results indicate that while demands for internal and external reinsurance have some factors in common, there are cost-based differences in internal and external capital, as well as structural differences in the use of internal and external reinsurance. Results are consistent with previous theories related to internal versus external capital markets. 相似文献