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41.
The Social‐Cognitive Underpinnings of Employees’ Ambidextrous Behaviour and the Supportive Role of Group Managers’ Leadership 下载免费PDF全文
Although research on organizational ambidexterity has exploded in the past several years, the determinants of individual‐level ambidexterity have received little scholarly attention. This is surprising given that management scholars increasingly highlight the benefits of combining explorative and exploitative activities in individual employees’ work roles. Using data collected by a two‐wave survey of 638 employees nested in 173 groups across 34 organizations, our research demonstrates that both psychological factors and leadership predict employees’ ambidextrous behaviour. Our results demonstrate that general self‐efficacy positively predicts ambidextrous behaviour through learning orientation. In addition, we show that employees exhibit higher ambidexterity when their group managers demonstrate paradoxical leadership; that is, a leadership style that couples strong managerial support with high performance expectations. Paradoxical leadership also moderates the relationship between learning orientation and individual ambidexterity such that employees’ ambidextrous behaviour is highest when paradoxical leadership and employee learning orientation are simultaneously at high levels. 相似文献
42.
Organisational capabilities and internationalisation of the small and medium-sized information and communications technology firms 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Olli Kuivalainen Kaisu Puumalainen Sanna Sintonen Kalevi Kyläheiko 《Journal of International Entrepreneurship》2010,8(2):135-155
Especially in changing and unpredictable global environments where small knowledge-intensive information and communications
technology (ICT) firms often operate, knowledge-based organisational capabilities are seen to contribute most to the performance.
In this paper we explore the internationalisation process of small knowledge-intensive firms by studying the effects of a
firm’s organisational capabilities on internationalisation and performance. We use a sample of 124 (of which 55 operate internationally)
Finnish small and medium-sized firms. International experience is confirmed to be a significant determinant of internationalisation
and international performance. In addition, financial capabilities prove to be a significant indicator of the degree of internationalisation:
excellent investment expertise, connections with venture capitalists and good financial management are important capabilities
for a small firm with high international growth aspirations. 相似文献
43.
Ismail Gölgeci Shahin Assadinia Olli Kuivalainen Jorma Larimo 《International Business Review》2019,28(6):101593
While extant research has examined the separate influences of dynamic capabilities and institutions on international performance, their interactive role has received limited attention. Therefore, we examine the role of host-country institutional conditions in the relationships between emerging-market firms’ (EMFs) innovation-related dynamic capabilities and their international performance. We use multi-source secondary data and primary data from multiple informants from 254 Turkish international firms to test our framework. The study finds that the linkages between three innovation-related dynamic capabilities (innovativeness, supply-chain agility, and adaptability) and international performance are positively and negatively moderated by institutional development and institutional distance, but that their influences are opposite. These influences demonstrate that host-country institutional conditions shape the link between dynamic capabilities and EMFs’ international performance in a multifaceted and paradoxical fashion. 相似文献
44.
This paper examines the path dependence of net migration surpluses and deficits by Finnish municipalities in the period of 33 years. Such spatial clustering revealed by spatial autocorrelation represents the spatial formations in which the development indicated by migration is statistically similar over the municipal borders. The results of survival analysis indicate that the chronic centripetal tendency of development generates higher path probabilities of a municipality staying in a surplus formation located in the main urban regions and an increased lock-in tendency compared with deficit formations in peripheries. Thus, the growth processes seem to translate into the self-reinforcing spatial formations of growth and decline in population, production and regional competitiveness suspended by economic downturns and recessions, and so this path dependence is cyclic and recurring, which means that paths constitute relatively short pulses. In the great surge of Information and Communication Technology industries in the 1990s, the spatial formations of migration were higher in volume and path-dependent, but against expectations, spatially less stable compared with more modest growth periods. 相似文献
45.
Lasse Torkkeli Kaisu Puumalainen Sami Saarenketo Olli Kuivalainen 《Journal of International Entrepreneurship》2012,10(1):25-49
Research findings suggest that networks offer small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) opportunities to internationalize
successfully. However, the role of internal organizational competence in the process of developing and maintaining such networks
in hostile external environments has received little attention. The aim of this study is to shed light on the relationship
by examining the positive influence that the network competence of SMEs has on their propensity to internationalize, and on
their subsequent international performance. Given that the willingness of firms to enter and perform well in markets appears
to also depend on environmental hostilities, this external influence on SME internationalization is incorporated into the
study. We also examine whether the level of environmental hostility moderates the relationship between network competence
and SME internationalization. The empirical part of the study comprises a web survey of 298 Finnish SMEs representing five
different industry sectors: metal, food, furniture, software, and knowledge-intensive business services. Confirmatory factor
analysis and regression models are used in the analysis. The results indicate that higher levels of network competence are
positively related to the propensity of SMEs to internationalize, as well as to their international performance. Conversely,
the level of environmental hostility has a negative effect on the performance measure, but not on the internationalization
propensity. Additionally, the influence of network competence is not moderated by environmental hostility. The results indicate
that internal network competence and external environmental hostility play a role in SME internationalization, and that the
positive influence of network competence exists independently of the hostility in the environment. 相似文献
46.
Zhihui Liu James A. Hanley Olli Saarela Nandini Dendukuri 《Revue internationale de statistique》2015,83(3):493-510
The prevailing lack of consensus about the comparative harms and benefits of cancer screening stems, in part, from the inappropriate calculations of the expected mortality impact of a sustained screening programme. There is an inherent, and often substantial, time lag from the time of screening until the resulting mortality reductions begin, reach their maximum and ultimately end. However, the cumulative mortality reduction reported in a randomised screening trial is typically calculated over an arbitrarily defined follow‐up period, including follow‐up time where the mortality impact is yet to realise or where it has already been exhausted. Because of this, the cumulative reduction cannot be used for projecting the mortality impact expected from a sustained screening programme. For this purpose, we propose a new measure, the time‐specific probability of being helped by screening, given that the cancer would have proven fatal otherwise. This can be decomposed into round‐specific impacts, which in turn can be parametrised and estimated from the trial data. This represents a major shift in quantifying the benefits due to a sustained screening programme, based on statistical evidence extracted from existing trial data. We illustrate our approach using data from screening trials in lung and colorectal cancers. 相似文献
47.
Lawrence Damnyag Tapani TyyneläMark Appiah Olli SaastamoinenAri Pappinen 《Ecological Economics》2011,70(12):2503-2510
The ecological, economic and socio-cultural roles of forests are under threat in Ghana due to the high rate of deforestation. Efforts are being made to combat this problem through rehabilitation measures. However, the costs of deforestation and restoration benefits are not adequately estimated. This paper fills in the gap in knowledge by providing an empirical estimation of the cost of deforestation in monetary terms. Primary data collected regarding timber, non-timber forest products and soils in semi-deciduous forests were analyzed using opportunity cost and replacement cost techniques. The results emphasize differences in the value of these forest goods and services lost annually. The largest losses were in stumpage fees, edible fruits, and avoided carbon emissions values. The results show that US$133,650,000 gross revenue, equivalent to 2.6% of the 2008 agricultural sector Gross Domestic Product, is lost annually. It can be concluded that restoring the degraded forest lands would bring benefits particularly to the local communities through increased stumpage revenues and harvest of non-timber forest products, as well as additional funds from carbon credits. It is recommended that stakeholders of forest resources are made aware of these costs in order to raise awareness of what they are losing through deforestation. 相似文献
48.
Olli Tahvonen 《Environmental and Resource Economics》1995,5(1):9-27
Economic models which take into account the long-term effects of pollution in the environment specify pollution damage as a function of the accumulated stock. Several economists have proposed another formulation where damage is a function of the time derivative of the pollution stock. This paper considers the intertemporal efficiency implications of this formulation. The first specification is qualitative and the objective functional includes both the rate of change and the level of the pollution stock. The second specification is a stylized climate change model with a linear damage function where damage depends only on the rate of increase in global temperature. The analysis reveals that the efficiency properties of optimal pollution control are very sensitive to this change in the damage function. Intertemporal efficiency may require higher emissions compared with the level which is optimal from the myopic point of view. An increase in the rate of discount typically reduces the optimal emission level. 相似文献
49.
It has been suggested theoretically that consumer attitudes have distinct hedonic and utilitarian components, and that product categories differ in the extent to which their overall attitudes are derived from these two components. This paper reports three studies that validate measurement scales for these constructs and, using them, show that these two attitude dimensions do seem to exist; are based on different types of product attributes; and are differentially salient across different consumer products and behaviors, in theoretically-consistent ways. 相似文献
50.