全文获取类型
收费全文 | 716篇 |
免费 | 40篇 |
专业分类
财政金融 | 112篇 |
工业经济 | 48篇 |
计划管理 | 132篇 |
经济学 | 220篇 |
综合类 | 4篇 |
运输经济 | 11篇 |
旅游经济 | 7篇 |
贸易经济 | 108篇 |
农业经济 | 30篇 |
经济概况 | 84篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 2篇 |
2022年 | 8篇 |
2021年 | 9篇 |
2020年 | 19篇 |
2019年 | 27篇 |
2018年 | 22篇 |
2017年 | 21篇 |
2016年 | 28篇 |
2015年 | 17篇 |
2014年 | 26篇 |
2013年 | 69篇 |
2012年 | 37篇 |
2011年 | 27篇 |
2010年 | 35篇 |
2009年 | 37篇 |
2008年 | 31篇 |
2007年 | 20篇 |
2006年 | 25篇 |
2005年 | 15篇 |
2004年 | 29篇 |
2003年 | 23篇 |
2002年 | 17篇 |
2001年 | 24篇 |
2000年 | 18篇 |
1999年 | 11篇 |
1998年 | 17篇 |
1997年 | 12篇 |
1996年 | 7篇 |
1995年 | 6篇 |
1994年 | 10篇 |
1993年 | 9篇 |
1992年 | 5篇 |
1991年 | 8篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 3篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 7篇 |
1982年 | 9篇 |
1981年 | 11篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1979年 | 8篇 |
1978年 | 7篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
1972年 | 3篇 |
1956年 | 1篇 |
1955年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有756条查询结果,搜索用时 203 毫秒
641.
Public employment and labour market performance 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
642.
We exploit the common features of models such as union, search and efficiency wage models to develop a framework that can
be used to analyze the effects of any revenue-neutral tax reform on employment. In particular, we show that taxes paid by
workers are not equivalent to taxes paid by firms when taxes are non linear. Moreover, we show that the positive impact of
tax progressivity on employment is attributable only to a limited set of hypotheses.
Received May 2, 2001; revised version received November 27, 2001 Published online: December 5, 2002 相似文献
643.
Pensions with endogenous and stochastic fertility 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
This paper studies the design of a pay-as-you-go social security system in an overlapping generations model where fertility is in part stochastic and in part determined through capital investment. If investments are publicly observable, pension benefits must be linked positively to the level of investment, and payroll taxes negatively to the number of children. The outcome is characterized by full insurance with all parents, regardless of their number of children, enjoying identical consumption levels. Without observability, benefits must increase, and payroll taxes decrease, with the number of children. The second-best level of investment, and the resulting average fertility rate, are less than their corresponding first-best levels. 相似文献
644.
Philippe?BontemsEmail author Pierre?Dubois Tomislav?Vukina 《Journal of Regulatory Economics》2004,26(3):287-301
We address the problem of optimal regulation of an industry where the production of a polluting output is contracted with independent agents. The provision of inputs is divided between the principal and the agent such that the production externality results from their joint actions. The main result shows that in the three-tier hierarchy (regulator-firm-agent) involving a double-sided moral hazard, the equivalence across regulatory schemes generally obtains. The only task for the regulator is to determine the optimal total fiscal revenue in each state of nature because any sharing of the regulatory burden between the firm and the agent generates the same solution. The equivalence principle is upset only when the effects of regulation on the endogenous organizational choices are explicitly taken into account.JEL Classification: D82, H23, Q50We thank Bob Chambers, Emma Hutchinson, David Martimort and Katleen Segerson as well as the participants of the 2nd World Congress of Environmental and Resource Economists, Monterey, 2002; the 2nd Annual Workshop on the Economics of Contracts in Agriculture, Annapolis, 2002; and the 1st CIRANO-IDEI-LEERNA conference on Regulation, Liability and the Management of Major Industrial Environmental Risks in Toulouse, 2003 for their comments on previous versions of the paper. Support from the French Ministry of Ecology and Sustainable Development is gratefully acknowledged. 相似文献
645.
646.
The Determinants of Credit Spread Changes 总被引:27,自引:0,他引:27
Pierre Collin-Dufresne Robert S. Goldstein & J. Spencer Martin 《The Journal of Finance》2001,56(6):2177-2207
Using dealer's quotes and transactions prices on straight industrial bonds, we investigate the determinants of credit spread changes. Variables that should in theory determine credit spread changes have rather limited explanatory power. Further, the residuals from this regression are highly cross-correlated, and principal components analysis implies they are mostly driven by a single common factor. Although we consider several macroeconomic and financial variables as candidate proxies, we cannot explain this common systematic component. Our results suggest that monthly credit spread changes are principally driven by local supply/demand shocks that are independent of both credit-risk factors and standard proxies for liquidity. 相似文献
647.
We analyze the design of optimal medical insurance under ex post moral hazard, i.e., when illness severity cannot be observed by insurers and policyholders decide for themselves on their health expenditures. The trade-off between ex ante risk sharing and ex post incentive compatibility is analyzed in an optimal revelation mechanism under hidden information and risk aversion. The optimal contract provides partial insurance at the margin, with a deductible when insurers’ rates are affected by a positive loading, and it may also include an upper limit on coverage. The potential to audit the health state leads to an upper limit on out-of-pocket expenses. 相似文献
648.
Pierre De Villiers Gert Steyn 《The South African journal of economics. Suid-afrikaanse tydskrif vir ekonomie》2007,75(1):136-154
Higher education displays characteristics of both private and public goods and there is a trend worldwide to expect individuals to pay more of the costs of their higher education. In South Africa public funding of higher education decreased from 0.86% of GDP in 1986 to only 0.66% in 2006; so that student tuition fees had to be increased to compensate for this loss of income. In the process staff numbers were kept relatively constant while student numbers increased appreciably. Two future scenarios, based on public higher education expenditure as a percentage of GDP and on real state allocation per WFTES, are spelt out. Although the qualifications awarded per FTE academic staff member increased over time, the graduation rates of the higher education institutions in South Africa are worsening. High‐level research, measured in publication units per FTE academic staff member, shows a disturbing decreasing trend since 1997. 相似文献
649.
Geneviève Langlois et JeanPierre Girard 《Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics》2006,77(2):197-220
Résumé * : Le Québec est le seul endroit en Amérique du Nord qui permet la création de coopératives multisociétaires. Ces organisations portent le nom de coopératives de solidarité. Le phénomène est relativement récent, soit depuis 1997 et tranche radicalement avec la longue tradition de coopératives de type unicité du sociétariat. Sur une base comparative, l'article présente deux expériences pour en exposer les contributions possibles au développement et à la pérennité d'une innovation sociale, un cas d'exploitation d'une station de ski et un autre, d'une coopérative offrant l'accès à des professionnels de médecine douce et un service d'animation auprès de personnes âgées. Un cadre d'analyse expose les forces et les faiblesses de l'économie sociale en matière d'innovation sociale, par exemple, la capacité d'hybridation des ressources et l'importance du soutien requis pour appuyer la mise en place de ces organisations. Selon cette étude et avec les réserves que comporte la comparaison de seulement deux cas, il s'avère que trois facteurs sont nécessaires pour assurer la pérennité d'une innovation sociale: une présence et une implication prolongées des instigateurs; la prise en considération de ses caractéristiques inhérentes et des valeurs qu'elle véhicule au fur et à mesure de son évolution; une diffusion d'information et une reconnaissance de l'innovation par la majorité de ceux sur qui elle exerce un impact. 相似文献
650.
The paper considers the connection between exchange rate regimes and economic performance as measured by inflation, output growth, and their volatility. It is argued first that the choice of an intermediate exchange rate regime is complicated by potential conflicts with the requirements of central bank transparency and accountability. These are considered to be longer run questions. Next, three types of managed floating regimes are defined. A variety of counterfactual experiments are shown to illustrate that a managed float, such that the objective of monetary policy is expressed in terms of an inflation target, will produce the most desirable macroeconomic outcome. The counterfactuals are supplemented with estimates of forward-looking Taylor rules to ascertain whether such rules are informative under a managed floating scenario. In general, the answer is that central bank reaction functions become less useful when the exchange rate regime is an intermediate one. 相似文献