全文获取类型
收费全文 | 51391篇 |
免费 | 827篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
专业分类
财政金融 | 8753篇 |
工业经济 | 3141篇 |
计划管理 | 8665篇 |
经济学 | 11586篇 |
综合类 | 1372篇 |
运输经济 | 244篇 |
旅游经济 | 558篇 |
贸易经济 | 9190篇 |
农业经济 | 1830篇 |
经济概况 | 6196篇 |
信息产业经济 | 44篇 |
邮电经济 | 641篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 325篇 |
2020年 | 479篇 |
2019年 | 522篇 |
2018年 | 2762篇 |
2017年 | 2649篇 |
2016年 | 1758篇 |
2015年 | 613篇 |
2014年 | 872篇 |
2013年 | 3318篇 |
2012年 | 1642篇 |
2011年 | 3392篇 |
2010年 | 3010篇 |
2009年 | 2736篇 |
2008年 | 2878篇 |
2007年 | 2954篇 |
2006年 | 1259篇 |
2005年 | 1458篇 |
2004年 | 1277篇 |
2003年 | 1299篇 |
2002年 | 981篇 |
2001年 | 784篇 |
2000年 | 721篇 |
1999年 | 578篇 |
1998年 | 572篇 |
1997年 | 515篇 |
1996年 | 532篇 |
1995年 | 456篇 |
1994年 | 500篇 |
1993年 | 517篇 |
1992年 | 463篇 |
1991年 | 484篇 |
1990年 | 448篇 |
1989年 | 365篇 |
1988年 | 368篇 |
1987年 | 369篇 |
1986年 | 395篇 |
1985年 | 549篇 |
1984年 | 524篇 |
1983年 | 519篇 |
1982年 | 501篇 |
1981年 | 440篇 |
1980年 | 425篇 |
1979年 | 440篇 |
1978年 | 377篇 |
1977年 | 335篇 |
1976年 | 268篇 |
1975年 | 264篇 |
1974年 | 241篇 |
1973年 | 232篇 |
1972年 | 190篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 278 毫秒
991.
Roger J. Bowden 《The Australian economic review》2006,39(3):257-272
Recently concerns have been raised in New Zealand about the effectiveness of monetary policy in controlling inflation while avoiding damage to the economy from high exchange rates. This review examines the basis for concern and identifies the problem as a failure in the primary instrument, namely the Reserve Bank's official cash rate, to adequately impact further along the term structure curve, which has become the more sensitive area for aggregate demand. Direct control over expenditure is therefore weak, and too much leeway is left to the housing and other asset markets to sustain demand in the economy. Globalisation of credit availability and financial technology have helped to blunt the policy instrument in this respect, shifting the adjustment burden on to the exchange rate. Deft management of interest and currency expectations can help, but the problem may require closer coordination and cooperation between monetary and fiscal policy, restoring a stabilisation role for the latter. 相似文献
992.
One strand of the literature on the employment contract focuses on the role of the contract in the efficient sharing of risk between capitalists and workers. One way capitalists can shift risk to workers is to provide part of workers' remuneration in the form of an unfunded, deferred pension. Since bonds, in the event of bankruptcy or voluntary termination, are typically senior to unfunded pension liabilities, capitalists can also affect their risk by altering the firm's debt-to-equity ratio. These observations suggest that corporate financial structure and the employment contract are interdependent. The paper has two major goals. The first is to take a step towards integrating the theory of corporate financial structure with that of the employment contract. The second is to investigate possible consequences of legislation which regulates the funding of private pensions. 相似文献
993.
Two key relationships which feature prominently through out modern international monetary theory are: (i) covered interest parity and(ii) speculative efficiency of the foreign exchange market, i.e., the unbiasedness of the forward rate as a predictor of the spot rate. This paper presents some empirical evidence for these two hypotheses using Australian data over the period September 1974 to December 1981 during which the Australian dollar was essentially floating. Both quarterly and overlapping monthly data are used. The results obtained generally provide some support for the two hypotheses. 相似文献
994.
995.
996.
Synopsis It has been difficult to make progress in the study of ethnicity and nationalism because of the multiple confusions of analytic
and lay terms, and the sheer lack of terminological standardization (often even within the same article). This makes a conceptual
cleaning-up unavoidable, and it is especially salutary to attempt it now that more economists are becoming interested in the
effects of identity on behavior, so that they may begin with the best conceptual tools possible. My approach to these questions
has been informed by anthropological and evolutionary-psychological questions. I will focus primarily on the terms ‘ethnic
group’, ‘nation’, and ‘nationalism’, and I will make the following points: (1) so-called ‘ethnic groups’ are collections of
people with a common cultural identity, plus an ideology of membership by descent and normative endogamy; (2) the ‘group’
in ‘ethnic group’ is a misleading misnomer—these are not ‘groups’ but categories, so I propose to call them ‘ethnies’; (3) ‘nationalism’ mostly refers to the recent ideology that ethnies—cultural communities
with a self-conscious ideology of self-sufficient reproduction—be made politically sovereign; (4) it is very confusing to
use ‘nationalism’ also to stand for ‘loyalty to a multi-ethnic state’ because this is the exact opposite; (5) a ‘nation’ truly
exists only in a politician’s imagination, so analysts should not pretend that establishing whether something ‘really’ is
or is not ‘a nation’ matters; (6) a big analytic cost is paid every time an ‘ethnie’ is called a ‘nation’ because this mobilizes
the intuition that nationalism is indispensable to ethnic organization (not true), which thereby confuses the very historical
process—namely, the recent historical emergence of nationalism—that must be explained; (7) another analytical cost is paid
when scholars pretend that ethnicity is a form of kinship—it is not. 相似文献
997.
998.
The lagging development of many minority communities has had an adverse effect on economic growth in the United States. One factor historically associated with creating or exacerbating this minority problem is the unwillingness of banks to service minority communities adequately. The federal government used two initiatives to address banks' reluctance to aid minorities: the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) that ended the practice of redlining and required all federally regulated banks to demonstrate that they served the convenience and credit needs of their local communities, particularly minorities, women, and other underserved groups, and the establishment and preservation of minority owned banks that were expected to be more sympathetic to the needs of their communities. This paper evaluates the extent to which minority banks have met the needs of minority communities. The assessment is conducted in the context of the ratings received by minority banks on their Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) audits. Through the use of CRA audits, the performance of minority banks is also compared to the performance of the general banking community to determine the validity and success of the government's minority banking initiative. Analysis of CRA audit ratings also compares the performance of minority banks among different ethnicities. 相似文献
999.
Joïlle Noailly Jeroen C.J.M. van den Bergh Cees A. Withagen 《Journal of Evolutionary Economics》2003,13(2):183-200
Abstract. Economic theories of managing renewable resources, such as fisheries and forestry, traditionally assume that individual harvesters
are perfectly rational and thus able to compute the harvesting strategy that maximizes their discounted profits. The current
paper presents an alternative approach based on bounded rationality and evolutionary mechanisms. It is assumed that individual
harvesters face a choice between two harvesting strategies. The evolution of the distribution of strategies in the population
is modeled through a replicator dynamics equation. The latter captures the idea that strategies yielding above average profits
are demanded more than strategies yielding below average profits, so that the first type ends up accounting for a larger part
in the population. From a mathematical perspective, the combination of resource and evolutionary processes leads to complex
dynamics. The paper presents the existence and stability conditions for each steady-state of the system and analyzes dynamic
paths to the equilibrium. In addition, effects of changes in prices are analyzed. A main result of the paper is that under
certain conditions both strategies can survive in the long-run.
Correspondence to: J. Noailly 相似文献
1000.