风险与机遇苏拉纺织机械集团国际业务总监安歌华专访

"WTO关于纺织品与服装协议(多国纤维协定)的中止导致了世界纺织品市场巨大的不稳定性,这一市场动荡已在2004年下半年和2005年上半年显露出来,但已逐渐平息.另一方面,纺织产业仍然存在很多闲置的产能,特别是在中国,近年来扩建的产能仍有部分搁置.虽然苏拉的机械传送部门由于强大的市场需求在赢利,但却不能完全抵消我们纺织部门的市场疲软造成的亏损."这段话摘自苏拉集团2005年7月26日题为<充满信心地返回纺织市场-传送系统的需求活跃-盈利归功于TEMPUS项目的实施>的股东年报,由此可以看出,中欧、中美纺织品贸易摩擦不仅给中国纺织企业带来了不利影响,也给外资在华纺织投资企业带来了不利影响.但是,最近苏拉集团基于对中国的市场分析和判断,进一步加大了对华投资.这种矛盾做法让业内人士有了些许疑惑.9月初,恰逢苏拉纺织机械集团国际业务总监安歌华(Andreas Engelhardt)来京进行商务活动,本刊记者就相关话题对他进行了专访.     

Foreign players,team production,and technical efficiency: Evidence from European soccer

As on-field success is nowadays the main objective of European soccer clubs, good management needs to extract the highest sport success from the squad talent at hand. Because teams differ in their quality, performance needs to be compared with the best practice of comparable units. One remarkable source of heterogeneity across teams is the squad composition, which can produce gains from diversity together with communication costs. The paper studies the efficiency in sporting performance of soccer teams, paying attention to how the number of foreign players relates to productive inefficiency. Using data for 146 teams in the top 5 European leagues during 10 seasons, we estimate a double heteroskedastic True Random Effects Stochastic Frontier team production function. We find that (i) the number of passes, ball recoveries, and shots from the penalty area improve team efficiency, and (ii) a higher number of foreign players increase inefficiency. Our findings suggest that gains from squad diversity might be offset by communication costs.     

The Importance of Internal Resources and Capabilities and Destination Resources to Explain Firm Competitive Position in the Spanish Tourism Industry

This study draws on the Resource‐Based View to analyze the effects of distinctive competences in tourism firms and location in a tourism district on competitive position, and explores the moderating effects of the tourism destination. Multiple linear regression was used to test the research hypotheses on a sample of 1019 Spanish tourism firms. Results reveal that financial resources and dynamic and production capabilities favor a better competitive position for tourism firms in general; however, coordination and marketing capabilities are key factors for firms embedded in a tourism district, while dynamic capabilities have a negative effect in this case. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

我国葡萄生产空间布局特征研究

随着葡萄育种、栽培及管理技术的提高,我国葡萄种植已由传统的优势产区发展到全国各省区都有种植,特别是南方产区葡萄的生产持续快速增长,使得全国葡萄生产布局发生了较大变化,因此在新形势下研究我国葡萄生产布局特征,把握葡萄生产变迁特征与规律,对于合理地配置农业生产资源、优化调整葡萄产业空间布局与规划,具有重要的现实意义。文章首先从宏观角度系统分析了我国葡萄生产的阶段特征与全国层面生产布局的变迁,其次利用微观层面的农户调研数据、比较了不同产区间葡萄生产投入与产出的区域特点及其差异;接着引入空间自相关性指标,采用Moran’s I指数,在Arc GIS中选取基于边界的空间权重矩阵定义,从全局与局部自相关角度分析了葡萄生产投入产出的空间特征及其与地理位置之间的相互依赖关系与驱动因素。研究结果表明,我国葡萄生产呈现明显的"西迁"、"南移"的发展趋势;葡萄生产投入与产出指标具有明显的区域差异性;受葡萄产业内部与外部因素的驱动,其分布体现出显著的空间自相关性,其中全局空间自相关定量测算结果显示我国葡萄生产存在空间正相关性,即相邻地区葡萄生产的投入与产出指标具有相似性,且空间自相关性在逐年加强;局部空间自相关指数显示我国葡萄投入与产出的低值聚集区主要分布在陕甘宁与内蒙古地区,而高值聚集区主要分布在江浙沪一带,进一步表明,地理因素通过经济发展水平与农业生产结构等方面因素影响着葡萄产业的发展。     

阜新经济转型农业园区在探索中前进

阐述了资源枯竭型城市经济转型农业园区建设的做法、经验、存在问题和农业园区发展前景。     

制度视角下保险市场秩序问题研究

本文从经济体制转轨背景下的主体行为冲突、"粗放"运作机制中的发展质与量冲突和制度体系中正式规则、非正式约束及其实施三方面对保险市场问题产生原因、机理进行了分析.以此为背景,讨论了制度冲突条件下影响监管效能的相关因素.针对问题成因和机理,提出规范市场的思路:一方面,逐步将法律法规、监管政策嵌入市场运行规则、公司内部制度,...     

Collateral in Monetary Policy Operations

We present a portfolio decision model for banks that permits us to estimate the costs associated with the need to collateralise loans from the central bank. This allows us to calibrate the difference between a restrictive collateral eligibility framework for open market operations, such as that applied by the FED, with a more flexible approach such as that of Eurosystem. We also document that there could potentially appear relevant cost differences between the various collateral mobilisation procedures (pooling and earmarking) that currently coexist in the eurozone.     

大力发展商品期货对我国经济体系的战略意义

我国的期货市场经过十几年的发展,依然存在着多方面的问题.本文分析了期货商品所具有的量大、金融性强等属性及其在经济体系巾的地位,进一步分析指出,大力发展商品期货对我国经济体系具有提高市场效率、保证经济体系平稳运行、提高我同市场在资源类商品定价话语权、提高实体经济与虚拟经济的融合为宏观政策提供良好的政策环境等影响深远的战略意义.最后对如何发展商品期货提出了四个方面的建议.     

Estimation of poverty measures with auxiliary information in sample surveys

The analysis of poverty measures has been receiving increased attention in recent years. This paper contributes to the literature by developing percentile ratio estimators based on the pseudo empirical likelihood method. In practice, variances of poverty measures could be not expressible by simple formulae and consequently other techniques should be used in the variance estimation stage. Assuming percentile ratios, resampling techniques are investigated in this paper. A numerical example based on data from the Spanish Household Panel Survey is taken up to illustrate how suggested procedures can perform better than existing ones. The effect of a model-misspecification on the proposed estimators is also evaluated by using simulated populations.     

德国专业化创业服务对我国的若干启示——以柏林经济技术促进机构柏林伙伴组织（BPBT）为例

柏林经济技术促进机构柏林伙伴组织是德国创业服务平台的成功典范,通过提供选址、创新、金融、人才以及国际化发展等专业化服务,加速企业创立、创新和壮大的过程,促进了柏林经济社会的发展。通过文献梳理,提炼其成功经验,提出要将专业化服务本身视作一种创新和创业,专业化服务应体现强大的战略判断能力、专注度和预见性,持续链接更广阔和更高价值的资源,形成更具普遍性的创业文化等若干观点。