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991.
Debra K. Israel 《International Advances in Economic Research》2007,13(2):171-182
Using data from the 2001 Giving and Volunteering in the United States survey, I examine household charitable donations to environmental organizations. Household income has a positive impact on
environmental giving. While the tax price affects overall charitable contributions, it does not affect environmental giving.
More education, being female, homeownership, and voting are also associated with a greater likelihood of contributing to the
environment. African-Americans and Latinos are less likely to contribute to the environment, although conditional on giving,
Latinos give more. Retired persons and households with children are less likely to contribute to the environment. Larger households
give less to the environment. Households from the Northeast are the most likely to make environmental contributions while
households from the South are the least likely.
相似文献
Debra K. IsraelEmail: |
992.
Donald R. Lehmann Jennifer Ames Stuart Gita Venkataramani Johar Anil Thozhur 《Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science》2007,35(3):309-316
This paper proposes that customers often respond to brand extension concepts by visualizing the product. We call this process
spontaneous visualization and suggest that it precedes concept evaluations. In two studies, we show that spontaneous visualization
is enhanced by the fit between the parent brand and the extension category and by the ease with which the product category
can be imagined. The appeal of the visualized image in turn determines whether visualization enhances or decreases concept
evaluations. In addition, we find a stronger link between product evaluations and delayed choice when evaluations are based
on visualization; evaluations based on visualization hence appear to be more “valid” in the sense of predicting subsequent
behavior. Implications of these findings and ideas for future research are discussed.
相似文献
Donald R. LehmannEmail: |
993.
Stephen J. Carson Robert D. Jewell Christopher Joiner 《Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science》2007,35(2):172-183
Prior empirical research suggests that consumers perceive pioneers as more prototypical (i.e., representative) of their product
categories than me-too followers. This prototypicality advantage is believed to contribute to an enduring marketplace advantage
for the pioneer. We extend research into pioneering prototypicality advantages by considering the ramifications of simultaneous
product design (i.e., product attribute) evolutions. We hypothesize that the simultaneous evolution of product designs of
both the pioneer and me-too will diminish the pioneer’s prototypicality advantage over the me-too, even though the me-too
does not initiate the change. To test our hypotheses, we create an experimental environment consisting of four cells, each
corresponding to a different marketplace scenario: a no-change condition; a simultaneous-evolution condition; a pioneer-updates-first
condition; and a leapfrogging (i.e., me-too updates first) condition. The results suggest that simultaneous design evolutions
can diminish the pioneer’s prototypicality advantage. As a result, me-too entry may be a more attractive strategy in the long-run
than currently believed in product categories characterized by substantial design evolution.
相似文献
Christopher JoinerEmail: |
994.
On the importance of matching strategic behavior and target market selection to business strategy in high-tech markets 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Stanley F. Slater G. Tomas M. Hult Eric M. Olson 《Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science》2007,35(1):5-17
Business strategy is fundamentally concerned with the actions required to create superior customer value in the firm’s target
markets with the ultimate goal of achieving superior performance. Marketing theory suggests that two critical marketing activities
required to achieve this end are: (1) the adoption of appropriate strategic behaviors (i.e., customer-oriented, competitor-oriented,
technology-oriented) and (2) targeting of the appropriate market segments (i.e., innovators, early adopters, early majority,
late majority, laggards). This study builds on prior research which demonstrates that the strategic behavior—firm performance
relationship is contingent on the firm’s strategy by examining this relationship in high tech markets and by considering the
incremental contribution of appropriate target market selection. Responses from 160 senior marketing managers in high-tech
firms reveal strong support for our framework. Thus, this study provides useful guidance to executives and managers in high-tech
firms regarding the steps that they should take to increase their probability of success.
相似文献
Eric M. OlsonEmail: |
995.
Evangelia Katsikea Marios Theodosiou Robert E. Morgan 《Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science》2007,35(2):270-283
The authors extend sales management theory by considering the role of export sales management in small- and medium-sized firms,
and they develop an integrated model of export sales organization effectiveness. Specifically, the authors test 16 hypotheses
that examine the relationships among export sales management control, export territory, psychic distance, export sales performance,
and export sales organization effectiveness. Using a mail-survey approach, data were collected from U.K.-based export sales
managers in 146 direct exporters of industrial products. Though certain anomalies are observed, the research findings support
many of the hypothesized associations, confirming the robustness of existing sales management concepts and theories in an
export-marketing context.
相似文献
Robert E. MorganEmail: |
996.
Gary Reich 《Constitutional Political Economy》2007,18(3):177-197
Constitutional assemblies are a common feature of many democratic transitions. However, the goal of coordinating constitutional
choice would seem nearly impossible when assemblies are comprised of highly fragmented and volatile political parties. Building
on Knight’s bargaining model, this article argues that the main challenge to coordination in unstable party systems is the
procedural disequilibrium that results from incomplete information over breakdown payoffs. The likelihood of compromise in
such circumstances is a function of the ideologies that frame constitutional choice and inform coalition-building. Thus, unstable
party systems are not chaotic, although they may be deeply conflict-laden. These issues are illustrated empirically via the
Brazilian Constitution of 1988, which demonstrates the possibilities for a stable constitutional order emerging from a fragmented
and volatile party system.
相似文献
Gary ReichEmail: |
997.
徐琳 《安徽工业大学学报(社会科学版)》2007,24(2):72-74
《傲慢与偏见》的艺术成就早已被公认,但人们普遍认为这部作品没有触及人的精神的深层。如果将人物性格的发展作为一个自我认识的过程,特别是对发现自我的动态过程进行分析,会使读者更清晰地认识到奧斯汀对人的精神的剖析是严肃而深刻的。 相似文献
998.
戴林 《安徽工业大学学报(社会科学版)》2007,24(3):106-107
词汇学习是大学英语学习的难点。教师应帮助学生摆脱母语干扰,注重语境学习,强调正确发言,分辨词汇,把握构词法,扩大词汇量,科学记忆词汇,指导正确使用词典,传授背景知识,帮助学生正确理解和使用词汇。 相似文献
999.
The Sarbanes–Oxley Act of 2002 requires audit committees of public companies’ boards of directors to install an anonymous
reporting channel to assist in deterring and detecting accounting fraud and control weaknesses. While it is generally accepted
that the availability of such a reporting channel may reduce the reporting cost of the observer of a questionable act, there
is concern that the addition of such a channel may decrease the overall effectiveness compared to a system employing only
non-anonymous reporting options. The rationale underlying this concern involves the would-be reporter’s likelihood of reporting,
the seriousness with which the organization treats an anonymous report, and the organization’s ability to thoroughly follow-up
the report. Thus, we explore the extent to which the availability of an anonymous reporting channel influences intended use
of non-anonymous reporting channels. Further, in response to Sarbanes–Oxley and the environment of financial scandals that
led to its passage, many firms are strengthening their internal audit departments, and providing them with greater independence
from upper management’s direct control. Accordingly, our examination tests whether the intended use of the internal audit
department as an internal reporting channel is greater when the internal audit department is of “high” versus “low” quality.
Finally, the study investigates intended reporting behavior across three different cases (e.g., settings).
Results show that the existence of an anonymous channel does reduce the likelihood of reporting to non-anonymous channels,
that generally the internal audit department quality does not affect reporting to non-anonymous channels, and that case-setting
affects the type of channel to be used. Implications from the study are discussed. 相似文献
1000.
The doubts and criticisms with regard to the fiscal discipline imposed by the Stability and
Growth Pact (SGP) have been many and varied, and the SGP was revised as a result.
The following paper evaluates the changes contained in the "new" SGP by considering
the properties for ideal fiscal rules put forward by Kopits and Symansky. The analysis
points towards a clear increase in flexibility together with the probable emergence of
new enforcement problems. In this context, the need for new improvements within the
European framework for the definition and implementation of national fiscal policies is
discussed. 相似文献