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991.
An evaluation of SFAS No. 130 comprehensive income disclosures 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Dennis Chambers Thomas J. Linsmeier Catherine Shakespeare Theodore Sougiannis 《Review of Accounting Studies》2007,12(4):557-593
In this study, we provide evidence on the pricing of other comprehensive income (OCI) that differs from most evidence in prior
research. Prior archival research has largely concluded that OCI is not priced by investors. In contrast, we provide evidence
in the post-SFAS 130 period that OCI is priced on a dollar-for-dollar basis as is predicted by economic theory for transitory
income items. We attribute this finding to our use of post-SFAS 130 as-reported measures of OCI rather than pre-SFAS 130 as-if estimates of OCI measures. Furthermore, we document that two components of OCI, foreign currency translation adjustment and
unrealized gains/losses on available-for-sale securities, are priced by investors. In the post-SFAS 130 period, we also find
that the type of financial statement in which firms report OCI and its components affects pricing, consistent with the conclusions
of prior experimental research. However, our evidence suggests that investors pay greater attention to OCI information reported
in the statement of changes in equity, rather than in a statement of financial performance. This could be attributed to investors
becoming more familiar in the post-SFAS 130 period with the predominant reporting of OCI and its components in the statement
of changes in equity. These findings may be relevant to both the Financial Accounting Standards Board and the International
Accounting Standards Board, which jointly are undertaking a new project that, in part, is addressing financial statement presentation
of OCI items.
相似文献
Theodore SougiannisEmail: |
992.
Opening the black box: Finding the source of cost inefficiency 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Santiago Carbó Valverde David B. Humphrey Rafael López del Paso 《Journal of Productivity Analysis》2007,27(3):209-220
Parametric and nonparametric procedures are used to identify the apparent source of cost inefficiency in banking. Inefficiencies
of 20–25% from earlier studies are reduced to 1–5% when, in addition to commonly specified cost function influences, variables
reflecting banks’ external business environment and industry indicators of “productivity” are added. These productivity indicators
explain most of the reduction in bank operating cost over 1992–2001 and was 5 times the reduction in the dispersion of inefficiency.
Inefficiency appears stable over time because it is small relative to industry-wide cost changes occurring concurrently and
because technology dispersion is imperfect.
相似文献
David B. HumphreyEmail: |
993.
Are some Indian banks too large? An examination of size efficiency in Indian banking 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Subhash C. Ray 《Journal of Productivity Analysis》2007,27(1):41-56
In this paper we use data from the years 1997–2003 to evaluate the size efficiency, as distinct from scale efficiency, of
Indian banks. Following Maindiratta [Maindiratta A (1990) J Econ 46:39–56] we consider a bank to be “too large” if breaking
it up into a number of smaller units would result in a larger output bundle than what could be produced from the same input
by a single bank. When this is the case, the bank is not size efficient. Our analysis shows that many of the banks are, indeed,
too large in various years. We also find that often a bank is operating in the region of diminishing returns to scale but
is not a candidate for break up.
相似文献
Subhash C. RayEmail: |
994.
This contribution investigates the efficiency of water suppliers in rural areas of East and West Germany. A non-radial measure
of input specific allocative inefficiency is used to reduce the distributional dependency with respect to the inefficiency
parameters. It is based on the demand system of a flexible cost function for the variable inputs labour, energy and chemicals
modelled by applying a modified symmetric generalized McFadden functional form. Concavity restrictions, as required by economic
theory, are imposed. The analysis reveals that efforts towards increasing suppliers’ allocative efficiency should focus on
the relatively inefficient usage of the input chemicals. The input specific allocative model specification was found to be
superior to the overall allocative specification.
相似文献
Johannes SauerEmail: |
995.
Measuring performance in the presence of stochastic demand for hospital services: an analysis of Belgian general care hospitals 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Mike Smet 《Journal of Productivity Analysis》2007,27(1):13-29
Since demand for hospital services is subject to substantial variability, the relationship between uncertain demand, excess
capacity, hospital costs and performance should be investigated thoroughly. In this paper a waiting time indicator to proxy
hospital standby capacity is incorporated into a multi-product translog cost function for Belgian general care hospitals.
The indicator is derived from queuing theory and improves on the conventionally used (inverse of the) occupancy rate. The
multi-product stochastic frontier specification allows calculation of cost elasticities and marginal cost of seven hospital
departments, as well as the degree of economies of scale and scope and enables identification of differences in efficiency.
相似文献
Mike SmetEmail: |
996.
This paper studies minimally-supported D-optimal designs for polynomial regression model with logarithmically concave (log-concave) weight functions. Many commonly
used weight functions in the design literature are log-concave. For example,
and exp(−x
2) in Theorem 2.3.2 of Fedorov (Theory of optimal experiments, 1972) are all log-concave. We show that the determinant of information
matrix of minimally-supported design is a log-concave function of ordered support points and the D-optimal design is unique. Therefore, the numerically D-optimal designs can be constructed efficiently by cyclic exchange algorithm. 相似文献
997.
An easy method to construct efficient blocked mixture experiments in the presence of fixed and/or random blocks is presented. The method can be used when qualitative variables are involved in a mixture experiment as well. The resulting designs are
-optimal in the class of minimum support designs. It is illustrated that the minimum support designs are more efficient than orthogonally blocked mixture experiments presented in the literature and only slightly less efficient than -optimal designs. 相似文献
998.
Mariusz Bieniek 《Metrika》2007,65(3):297-309
Let f
*,r
, r ≥ 1, denote the density function of rth uniform generalized order statistics as defined by Kamps (1995) or Cramer and Kamps (2003). We prove the following variation
diminishing property: the number of zeros in (0,1) of any linear combination does not exceed the number of sign changes in the sequence (a
1, . . . ,a
r
). This result is applied to study monotonicity and convexity properties of f
*,r
. 相似文献
999.
Bryan J. Pesta Mary W. Hrivnak Kenneth J. Dunegan 《Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal》2007,19(1):45-55
Laws addressing harassment at work have evolved considerably since court systems first recognized that (sexual) harassment
is illegal. Now, managers must worry about protected classes other than sex (e.g., race, age, etc.), and the effects of harassment
on bystanders as well as victims (i.e., ambient harassment). Understanding these newer conceptualizations of workplace harassment
is critical for mangers dealing with an increasingly complex array of possible work environments, only some of which are illegal.
Toward this end, we present a taxonomy of eight possible work environments, created by parsing the legal definition of sexual
harassment (i.e., the first-recognized type of hostile work environment). The taxonomy illustrates the evolution of law in
this area, and highlights the multidimensional nature of workplace harassment. Also discussed are potential complications
arising from how a reasonable person and a victim might interpret behavior. Managers using the taxonomy may better assess
whether their work environments have crossed the line, or facilitate movement from less- to more-desirable work environments.
相似文献
Kenneth J. DuneganEmail: |
1000.
The optimal asset allocation of the main types of pension funds: a unified framework 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Katarzyna Romaniuk 《The GENEVA Risk and Insurance Review》2007,32(2):113-128
The existing literature deals with the optimal investment strategy of defined benefit (DB) or defined contribution (DC) pension
plans. This article’s objective is to compare the optimal policies of different types of pension plans. This is done by first
defining an original framework, which is based on the distinction between the nature of the guarantee—which can be internal
or external—offered by or to a pension fund. This framework allows to establish links between optimization programs of DC,
DB and targeted money purchase schemes. The case of an internal guarantee appears as a standard portfolio insurer’s problem.
The second kind of guarantee, not analyzed in the literature yet with regard to the resulting optimal policy, is characterized
by the existence of an option in the final wealth definition. Four funds are present in the internal guarantee optimal allocation:
the speculative component, the preference independent guarantee- and contribution-hedge terms and the preference dependent
state variable-hedge fund. The external guarantee program, solved with an original method using the principles of standard
options theory, yields an optimal policy incorporating the delta of the option embodied in the final wealth definition. The
conclusion is that the resulting optimal portfolio policy becomes riskier.
相似文献
Katarzyna RomaniukEmail: |