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51.
In the context of the NUM's decision to seek a merger, this article examines the financial impact of the 1984–85 strike. In conducting the strike, its federal structure is shown to have provided the union leadership with flexibility. But it has limited the capacity to recover afterwards and has consequences for merger prospects with other unions. 相似文献
52.
David J. Morris 《Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science》1990,18(4):279-283
In the United States, regulation prevented the railroad and film industries from responding successfully to the demands of
the marketplace. Both industries did attempt to move into other industries, but were blocked by government regulations. The
prevailing belief among marketing scholars that the rail and film companies were myopic cannot be substantiated by historic
evidence. 相似文献
53.
Norma Morris 《Technology Analysis & Strategic Management》2001,13(2):247-263
This paper focuses on the rapid growth in biological medicines in recent years brought about by advances in molecular biology and biotechnological manufacturing techniques. It looks at the implications for regulatory bodies and research institutions concerned with quality control of biologicals; and discusses ways in which the industry/regulatory/research partnership is evolving in response to the new situation. It argues that, although change is being managed relatively successfully in some areas of regulatory control (devolution to industry, use of new technologies, international harmonization), special measures may be needed in some other areas. These include: needs of the developing world for biologicals quality control; sustaining long-term research on safety issues and test methodology; major social and ethical issues raised by new treatment and diagnostic opportunities. 相似文献
54.
The cost of flooding on farm land depends on land use, on the frequency, seasonality, duration and depth of flooding, and on water quality. This paper describes a method to calculate the average annual cost of flooding and the extra benefits or costs associated with given changes in flooding regime, illustrated by means of a simplified case study which examines the agricultural benefits of reduced summer flooding on grass in an area of environmental importance. Using hydrological and agro-economic data, the method derives the cost of individual flood events occurring in any one month for a given land use, weights these according to observed seasonality of flood flows, and derives average annual costs per hectare and for the floodplain as a whole for given levels of flood risk. The method is useful for appraising river flood alleviation schemes whereby the effects of changes in flood risk, flood seasonality or land use can be assessed. 相似文献
55.
Susan M. T. Coombes Michael H. Morris Jeffrey A. Allen Justin W. Webb 《Journal of Management Studies》2011,48(4):829-856
Relatively little is understood about factors triggering entrepreneurial behaviour within organizations not driven by profit motives. Governance plays an important role in non‐profits, particularly boards of directors. Integrating resource‐based theory and entrepreneurial orientation research, we examine the influence of non‐profit boards as strategic resources shaping the organization's entrepreneurial orientation and performance. In particular, we focus on the non‐profit board's underlying behavioural orientations, or the extent to which the board is strategic, activist, conservative, and cohesive. Findings from a cross‐sectional survey on arts and culture organizations demonstrate that three of these behavioural orientations impact levels of entrepreneurship occurring within non‐profits. Higher levels of entrepreneurship affect social performance, but not financial performance. 相似文献
56.
This article outlines Conservative legislation on union government, documenting extensive regulation in place by 1994. It looks at the major objectives of government policy, including the twin themes of encouraging individualism and reducing union power. The degree of success achieved is examined and a framework in terms of competing rationalities outlined. 相似文献
57.
Reforming Hungarian Agricultural Trade Policy: A Quantitative Evaluation. — In this paper, the authors quantitatively assess the consequences for Hungary of: (i) removing its quantitative import restraints in agriculture, (ii) removing the export subsidy program in agriculture, and (iii) adopting an EU-type “CAP” system in Hungary. The consequences are estimated through the use of a small open economy computable general equilibrium model for Hungary, calibrated to the year 1990. The tariff equivalent of the import licenses was estimated through a detailed price comparisons study, the first of its kind for Hungary. Import protection, export subsidies and a potential CAP system would contribute significantly to the Government's fiscal problems. 相似文献
58.
New empirical evidence is presented on organisational change, outsourcing and the impact on management accounting in three types of organisations: private sector companies, the National Health Service and Local Authorities. Spearman rank correlations are used to examine three propositions: that (i) change in organisational form exists and may be related to an increased use of outsourcing or subcontracting; (ii) outsourcing is expected to improve organisational flexibility and/or the service of an activity, to lead to cost savings, or to allow the organisation to focus more clearly on its core business; and (iii) outsourcing promotes change in management accounting. Statistical support is found for each of our three propositions. This is further supported by reference to three illustrative case studies. Overall, we conclude that organisational change, as effected by the use of outsourcing, is related to specific changes in the organisations' management accounting systems. 相似文献
59.
60.
In the U.K., the Office of Fair Trading (O.F.T.) is required to encourage trade associations to prepare and disseminate codes of practice for the enhancement of trading practices. In this paper the authors put forward a model of prerequisites for O.F.T. Code effectiveness. The model is then used to investigate and develop insight into the effectiveness of codes already in existence and to explain the successes and failures of these market-place interventions. Finally, the potential impact of the proposed general duty to trade fairly is considered in the context of the model.
William Richardson is acting subject leader and a member of the Business Policy team at Sheffield City Polytechnic. He was formerly Consumer Affairs Officer for South Yorkshire County Council. His address: The Gables, Royston Road, Cudworth, Barnsley S72 8TU, S. Yorks, U.K. David Morris is Dean of the Faculty of Business at Coventry Lanchester Polytechnic, Priory Street, Coventry CV1 5FB, U.K. 相似文献
Effektivere Interventionen auf Konsumgütermärkten — ein Modellansatz für die Verbesserung der Verhaltensrichtlinien der englischen Wettbewerbsbehörde
Zusammenfassung Die englische Wettbewerbsbehörde, das Office of Fair Trading, ist verpflichtet, bei den einzelnen Wirtschaftsverbänden auf die Erarbeitung und Verbreitung von Verhaltensrichtlinien zu drängen, die der Verbesserung von Handelspraktiken dienen.Die Authoren stellen ein Modell der Voraussetzungen für die Effektivität solcher Verhaltensrichtlinien vor, das in Figur 1 zusammengefaßt ist. Mit Hilfe dieses Modells werden die bereits bestehenden Verhaltensrichtlinien analysiert. Vor allem werden die Erfolge und Mißerfolge solcher Markteingriffe erklärt. Schließlich wird die potentielle Wirkung der vorgeschlagenen allgemeinen Pflicht zu lauterem Wettbewerb im Lichte dieses Modells diskutiert.
William Richardson is acting subject leader and a member of the Business Policy team at Sheffield City Polytechnic. He was formerly Consumer Affairs Officer for South Yorkshire County Council. His address: The Gables, Royston Road, Cudworth, Barnsley S72 8TU, S. Yorks, U.K. David Morris is Dean of the Faculty of Business at Coventry Lanchester Polytechnic, Priory Street, Coventry CV1 5FB, U.K. 相似文献