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11.
This study, based on panel data from 189 industrial enterprises in 1992‐96, shows that privatisation 'on average' produces little improvement in performance of Russian enterprises. However, disaggregating the process, we reveal that methods of privatisation do influence performance but the impact is not always positive. The state seems to be a passive shareholder. At the same time, our results suggest that majority state ownership is preferable to a state minority stockholding, possibly because the absence of a monitoring shareholder in the latter case does not permit managers to achieve their own objectives at the expense of other shareholders. 相似文献
12.
Farida Enikeeva Vladimir Kalashnikov Deimante Rusaityte 《Scandinavian actuarial journal》2013,2013(1):18-39
A method of continuity analysis of ruin probabilities with respect to variation of parameters governing risk processes is proposed. It is based on the representation of the ruin probability as the stationary probability of a reversed process. We apply Kartashov's technique designed for continuity analysis of stationary distributions of general Markov chains in order to obtain desired continuity estimates. The method is illustrated by the Sparre Andersen and Markov modulated risk models. 相似文献
13.
Russian agriculture is one of the industries operating in the unstable economic situation in a developing market taking into account risks of the world economy, economic, political, and climatic factors. The role of agriculture is to provide people's needs for food, significant effects on employment, the efficiency of domestic production, and way of life in rural areas by obligatory preserving food security in Russia. One of the major tasks for agriculture is the development of innovations and investments aimed at improving the competitiveness of the domestic agricultural sector. Russia's membership in the WTO since 2012 is getting a particular importance in the innovation and investment support of agriculture. The strategy of innovative development of the Russian Federation until 2020 "Innovative Russia--2020" assumes three possible options for innovative development: inertial (directed on imports), catch-up development and a local technological competitiveness and a variant of achieving leadership in leading scientific and technical sectors, and fundamental research. A positive point is that the strategy provides an algorithm of state support of the innovation cycle. The innovation cycle is the process associated with the sequence of innovation transformations (scientific or business ideas) in products, technology, business process and launches it on the market for commercial use. A positively developing regional aspect is of great importance. 相似文献
14.
The paper examines the distribution of unemployment experience in Britain within the framework of the Han and Hausman semi-parametric estimator, which has the advantage of circumventing problems associated with individual heterogeneity arising from unobserved individual characteristics. The results imply that the unemployment burden is unequally distributed among the working population. Males and females bear an unequal unemployment burden. The study casts light on the characteristics of those individuals who are most likely to experience a high unemployment burden. 相似文献
15.
Vladimir A. Bragin Expert VLADIMIR V. OSAKOVSKY Senior Expert 《Post - Communist Economies》2013,25(1):33-46
To specify the problem of unemployment in Russia, we estimate the natural rate of unemployment by consecutively estimating the optimal size of the labour force and the optimal employment. For estimation of the optimal values we used a modified Hodrick–Prescott filter technique. The results show that the natural rate of unemployment in Russia during 1994–97 was stable around 13–13.5% and decreased to 7.1% by mid-2004. Moreover, before 1998 the actual unemployment was significantly lower than the natural rate and today practically equals it. 相似文献
16.
In this paper, we demonstrate that many stochastic volatility models have the undesirable property that moments of order higher
than 1 can become infinite in finite time. As arbitrage-free price computation for a number of important fixed income products
involves forming expectations of functions with super-linear growth, such lack of moment stability is of significant practical
importance. For instance, we demonstrate that reasonably parametrized models can produce infinite prices for Eurodollar futures
and for swaps with floating legs paying either Libor-in-arrears or a constant maturity swap rate. We systematically examine
the moment explosion property across a spectrum of stochastic volatility models. We show that lognormal and displaced-diffusion
type models are easily prone to moment explosions, whereas CEV-type models (including the so-called SABR model) are not. Related
properties such as the failure of the martingale property are also considered.
Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available for this article at and is accessible for authorized users. 相似文献
Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available for this article at and is accessible for authorized users. 相似文献
17.
Vladimir Bajic 《Applied economics》2013,45(4):597-610
This paper uses a two-step approach to estimate a system of structural demand equations for housing attributes. Estimation of a hedonic price regression, in the first step, yields implicit prices for housing attributes for the Toronto Metropolitan area in 1978, which are then used to estimate the expenditure share equations derived from the indirect translog utility function. Empirical results indicate that the composite housing attributes (used in the second stage model) are own-price elastic, while an examination of cross price relationships reveals that these attributes are reasonably substitutable. 相似文献
18.
Give Macroeconomic Stability and Growth in Russia a Chance 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper identifies and investigates conceptual and empirical links among Russia's disappointing growth performance of the mid-1990s, its costly and eventually unsuccessful stabilization, the macroeconomic meltdown of 1998 and the spectacular rise of non-payments. Non-payments developed into a system that flourished in an atmosphere of fundamental inconsistency between a macroeconomic policy geared at sharp disinflation and a microeconomic policy of bailing-out enterprises through soft budget constraints. It embodies a large volume of untargeted, implicit subsidies in the order of 7–10 per cent of GDP, which has stifled growth, contributed to the 1998 meltdown through its impact on public debt and made at best a questionable contribution to equity. The overwhelming priority at this point is to dismantle this system, thereby promoting enterprise restructuring and growth (by hardening budget constraints) and medium-term macroeconomic stability (by reducing the size of the subsidies). 相似文献
19.
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