中国鞋类产品出口受阻的原因及对策

长期以来,“薄利多销”的低价策略成为我国鞋类企业扩大出口创汇、走向国际市场的一大法宝,但从近期我国鞋类出口面临一系列的贸易摩擦来看,低价策略并非当今出口企业的最佳选择,若不及时调整这种策略,可能会严重制约企业的发展。本文分析了鞋类企业低价竞销产生的原因及其危害性,并就如何解决这一问题进行了初步的探讨。     

Customers’ Risk Factor Disclosures and Suppliers’ Investment Efficiency

This study examines the effect of downstream firms’ (i.e., customers’) risk factor disclosures contained in annual reports on the investment efficiency of upstream firms (i.e., suppliers). We find that more informative disclosures of customers’ risk factors are associated with less under‐ or overinvestment by suppliers. In addition, this inverse association is stronger when the suppliers are at a bargaining disadvantage, when they operate in the durable goods industries, and when they are more concerned about the volatility of future demand. Overall, our results suggest that risk factor disclosures provided by firms in their annual reports contain useful information that could potentially help their suppliers achieve better investment efficiency. Divulgation d'information sur les facteurs de risque des clients et efficience de l'investissement des fournisseurs     

Maintaining a Reputation for Consistently Beating Earnings Expectations and the Slippery Slope to Earnings Manipulation

This paper investigates whether maintaining a reputation for consistently beating analysts' earnings expectations can motivate executives to move from “within GAAP” earnings management to “outside of GAAP” earnings manipulation. We analyze firms subject to SEC enforcement actions and find that these firms consistently beat analysts' quarterly earnings forecasts in the three years prior to the manipulation period and continue to do so by smaller “beats” during the manipulation period. We find that manipulating firms beat expectations around 86 percent of the time in the 12 quarters prior to the manipulation period (versus 75 percent for control firms) and that manipulation often ends with a miss in expectations. We document that executives of manipulating firms face strong stock market and CEO pressure to perform. Prior to the manipulation period, these firms have high analyst optimism, growing institutional interest, and high market valuations, along with powerful CEOs. Further, we find that maintaining a reputation for beating expectations is more important than CEO overconfidence and is incremental to CEO equity incentives for explaining manipulation. Our results suggest that pressure to maintain a reputation for beating analysts' expectations can encourage aggressive accounting and, ultimately, earnings manipulation.     

Relative Effects of IFRS Adoption and IFRS Convergence on Financial Statement Comparability

One of the primary objectives of both adoption of IFRS and convergence between IFRS and U.S. GAAP is to increase financial statement comparability. Using a unique setting in Germany, we compare the effectiveness of these two approaches in achieving this desired outcome. Our empirical tests show that both adoption and convergence lead to an increase in comparability after the new enforcement regulation in 2005. However, difference‐in‐differences tests show that adoption does not lead to a significant incremental increase in comparability beyond convergence. The findings of this study should be of interest to regulators and standard setters as they assess alternative methods of aligning domestic standards with IFRS.     

长三角一体化发展下区域专业化分工研究

基于产品互补模式和长三角地区产业发展现状,选取相关年份统计数据,运用专业化分工理论,构建研究模型,根据长三角地区产业发展趋势,测算2015—2019年长三角地区主要工业产品专业化系数,对长三角地区主要工业产品产业演变趋势进行实证分析,从区域化和特色化角度,具体研究长三角地区主要工业产品的专业化分工,并得出结论与建议:长三角地区由于自然条件、经济发展、历史特点、政策支持等各不相同,三省一市产业结构虽有相似,却又不尽相同,优势产业各具特色。通过区域内适当的专业化分工,不仅有利于降低产业结构同构化程度,也有利于长三角地区提升整体产业发展水平,从而促进长三角地区高质量一体化发展。     

境外上市与企业投资效率

截至2021年11月,我国单独境外上市企业占到境外上市企业总数的88.32%,但单独境外上市的研究明显与该数据不匹配,研究数量缺乏。为扩充该方面研究,本文以2012~2020年单独在美国和中国香港上市的中资企业为研究对象,对境外上市与投资效率关系进行检验。实证结果发现,单独境外上市与境内上市企业相比投资效率更低,区分企业上市地点后发现,规模大、信息透明度低、存在代理成本的赴港上市企业比境内上市企业投资效率低,规模小、代理成本高、信息透明度低的赴美上市企业比境内上市企业投资效率低。通过机制分析发现,信息透明度、境外上市和非效率投资三者存在"遮掩效应",境外上市企业未能受到有效的信息约束。     

中国上市公司营运资金管理调查:1997—2006

本文对1997—2006年十年间中国上市公司营运资金管理绩效变化趋势和2006年度中国上市公司营运资金管理绩效状况进行了调查分析,调查结果表明:各个行业在经历过1997—1999年的经济波动后,近十年的营运资金周转期从总体上来看均处于下降的趋势,说明上市公司营运资金管理的绩效在不断提升。同时,营运资金管理绩效水平在行业之间存在较大的差异,且行业之间存在相互作用,因此,改善供应链管理和渠道关系管理是提升营运资金管理绩效的一个重要途径。作为本项调查的一个重要成果,我们按营运资金周转期指标分行业对2006年度中国上市公司营运资金管理绩效进行了排名,发布了"2006年度中国上市公司营运资金管理绩效排行榜"。