产融结合的区域经济联动分析

从东西方政治经济学解析金融体系与产业经济的影响，具体是区域地理大发现和现代产业经济革命的渊源，以及世界上最早的宋朝纸币货币发展历史追溯，揭示现代金融学的产业渊源。并且通过1997年亚洲金融危机和美国次贷危机对我国经济的影响，阐述世界金融和货币体系对实体经济的影响，尤其是产业龙头、产业七寸和产业配套的产业链条的市场销售额的时间序列分析、销售额分析、带动力分析。从市场和价格两个角度剖析扩大内需和协调外贸市场对经济的改善作用，通过发展交通、扩大物流实现区域经济联动，使区域经济和产融结合。     

PERSPECTIVE: Cross‐Functional Integration in Spanish Firms

Published studies of new product development in Spain provide conflicting evidence regarding the role of cross‐functional integration in new product success. One possible explanation for these results is the use of idiosyncratic scales for measuring the level of cross‐functional integration. This study adopts the scale items used in a previous study and replicates that research process using data collected from managers of 134 Spanish companies involved in new product development. Findings confirm the appropriateness of these scales in a Spanish context and the importance of cross‐functional integration to new product success in Spanish firms. No support is found for the hypothesis that participative management is positively correlated with the level of cross‐functional integration. Cross‐functional integration is found to be negatively related to goal incongruity and positively related to top‐management support for integration.     

Legitimacy and the Value of Early Customers

To overcome resource constraints and achieve exponential growth, a new venture must rely on early customers of its products to communicate value and commitment to others. For this reason, founders of new ventures focus more on early customers as a key element of their founding strategy than on other elements. But when do early customers really add value to new ventures? Scholars have used legitimacy theory to examine the benefits of gaining acceptance and conveying firm quality through conforming to social norms and following similar methods and forms. It has been argued that, independent of the customers of products and services, observable legitimacy characteristics of a new organization function as signals and are used by critical external constituents to infer the quality of the firm. This research, however, sheds little light on the manner in which firm legitimacy influences how potential customers respond to the existence of early customers. The current study therefore proposes that, depending on types of legitimacy (cognitive, regulative, and normative), early customers may have a different impact on subsequent firm performance. While a young firm may reduce information asymmetry that hampers their attractiveness to customers and other external stakeholders via the costly signal of obtaining early customers, the signal fit argument suggests that discrepancy between a signal and the characteristics of the signaler can lead to unreliable quality and lower signaling value. Legitimacy is critical because, when legitimacy is absent, early customers may not serve as an effective signal for the new venture. This study therefore explores the extent to which the signaling effect of early customers depends on these three types of legitimacy. This study employs the Kauffman Firm Survey (KFS) public database, a panel study of 4928 new businesses founded in the United States in 2004. Four surveys (baseline, first follow‐up, second follow‐up, and third follow‐up) were conducted using self‐administered Web survey and computer‐assisted telephone interview methods. In this study, the independent variables include early customers and the three types of legitimacy (cognitive, regulative, and normative) as well as a set of control variables. All independent variables were measured at the founding of the businesses in the KFS baseline survey. Dependent variables in this study include second‐year revenue, third‐year revenue, and fourth‐year revenue as measured in the KFS first, second, and third follow‐up surveys, respectively. The multinomial logistic regression and Heckman sample selection model is used to analyze the data. Results show that early customers are beneficial to new ventures, and the benefits of early customers to firm performance are higher when there is cognitive legitimacy from a capable founding team and regulative legitimacy from paying federal Social Security and Medicare taxes. Surprisingly, while incorporation improves performance for new ventures, the benefit of having early customers relative to not having early customers is lower, not higher, when the firm is incorporated than when the firm is not incorporated. Early customers have the same benefit regardless of the presence of normative legitimacy through the presence of a network with suppliers. This study therefore offers insights into the role of early customers at founding. Early customers can be very useful for founders with significant experience, and it may be a good strategy to seek them out. However, it appears that there are specific conditions under which pursuing early customers may not be an effective strategy. Founders can make strategic decisions not to pursue early customers if there are no anticipated payoffs.     

物流配送成本优化估计的数学模型研究

为了有效地利用物流成本估计中线性和非线性数学模型的优点,把线性预测性能优异的ARIMA数学模型和RBF神经网络相结合,使模型非线性数学变化上形成估计优化,可以捕捉物流成本价格的线性和非线性规律,有效地减少传统预测数学模型中一些非线性因素的影响。以某物流公司1991～2012年物流操作成本为数据,将所提出的数学模型与网格搜索SVR模型、PSO-SVR模型、Levenberg-Marquardt BP神经网络模型及背景值优化GM(1,1)模型进行对比实验。结果表明所提出的优化数学模型能够解决上述问题且具有更高的预测精度。     

Multisim10仿真软件在模拟电子技术教学中的应用

在模拟电子技术课堂教学、作业布置、实验及考核等教学环节中可以利用Multisim10仿真软件，加深学生对课程内容的理解，培养学生构建实用电路和解决实际问题的能力。     

推进金融治理体系和治理能力现代化

金融是国家重要的核心竞争力,金融制度是经济社会发展中重要的基础性制度,金融治理是重要而特殊的经济治理。发展和完善金融制度,改革完善金融治理体系,是坚持和完善中国特色社会主义制度,推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的必然要求。     

数据要素与研发决策对工业全要素生产率的影响——来自2010—2019年中国工业的经验证据

在高质量发展阶段,工业全要素生产率不仅取决于数据要素的市场化配置,同时在很大程度上还受到研发决策影响。利用2010—2019年中国工业面板数据,估计数据要素与研发决策对工业全要素生产率的影响效应。结果表明,数据要素赋能资本、劳动要素后的要素深度融合,对工业全要素生产率具有显著改善作用;与劳动密集型工业相比,数据要素对资本密集型工业全要素生产率的改善作用更加显著。将研发决策纳入后发现,探索型研发决策对资本密集型工业全要素生产率提升具有显著促进作用,而囿于高风险的利用型研发决策则对工业全要素生产率的改善作用不显著。进一步研究发现,探索型研发决策能够促进数据要素赋能传统要素,二者有效融合能够显著提高工业全要素生产率。     

全球绿色气候基金融资责任分摊机制研究——一种兼顾责任与能力的视角

文章基于当前全球绿色气候基金(GCF)融资不足的现实背景,从国家间融资分摊的历史责任和支付能力视角出发,并借鉴联合国会费分摊(UN)、联合国官方发展援助计划(ODA)和全球环境基金(GEF)等现存的国际资金筹集经验,对五种潜在融资机制下GCF融资责任的分摊效果进行了系统研究,并在此基础上采用投票理论对不同方案进行加权,得到一种兼顾多种分摊思想的PSC融资责任分摊体系.研究发现:(1)不同分摊方案会有不同的出资结果,如美国在GEF方案下出资份额最小,而日本和欧盟则在历史责任方案下分摊份额最小;(2)在PSC分摊框架下,欧盟需要出资43.57％,美国需要出资35.33％,日本需要出资9.10％;(3)如果GCF融资成员扩至BRICS国家,金砖国家共需出资6.32％,发达国家仍是气候基金的主要融资方,其中欧盟、日本和美国出资份额之和不低于80％.研究有助于促使气候基金落实融资承诺,其相关方案也能为当前GCF融资体系建设提供有益借鉴.     

贸易自由化影响了研发创新效率吗?

文章基于技术创新的两阶段视角,利用2004-2011年中国工业行业层面的面板数据,在考虑环境规制和外商直接投资等因素的情况下,从关税减让的角度实证检验了贸易自由化对研发创新效率的影响及其行业差异.研究发现:(1)中国工业研发创新效率整体上处于增长态势,但存在明显的阶段性差异和行业异质性;(2)“入世”后,我国实施的关税减让政策是富有成效的,即关税减让显著促进了研发创新效率的提升,但其对技术开发效率的促进作用远小于对技术转化效率的促进作用;(3)关税减让对促进两阶段创新效率的提升存在一定的条件限制,关税减让水平只有小于一定的门槛值时,才会促进两阶段创新效率的提高;(4)在技术密度、环境污染程度、R&D强度、垄断程度和行业规模等不同要素约束下,关税减让对中国工业两阶段创新效率具有显著的行业异质性影响.