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"We argue that the postwar baby boom [in the United States] caused substantial fluctuations in both the economic rewards to education and educational attainment over the last 3 decades. If substitutability between young and old workers diminishes with education, the present value of lifetime earnings for a boom cohort is depressed more for highly educated workers, reducing incentives for educational attainment. The opposite is true for pre- and postboom cohorts. The diminishing substitutability hypothesis explains the declines in both the returns to college and college completion rates in the 1970s and predicts a substantial increase in educational attainment for postboomers."  相似文献   
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ThiS paper investigates whether the output of the Mexican maquiladoras is an alternative to production in the Pacific Rim. The analysis involves estimating supply functions for Mexican maquiladora output using relative wage data for Mexico, Singapore, and the United States. It also involves estimating the impact of relative wage rates on maquiladora output in five industries as well as on more aggregated levels. Results indicate that production in Mexico and in the Pacific Rim are substitutes, although this relationship is stronger for some industries than for others.  相似文献   
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The ideology of Progressivism that peaked in the early years of the 20th century brought with it the 16th amendment, which allowed the federal government to tax incomes, and the 17th amendment, which mandated direct elections of Senators. Both were ratified in 1913. The 16th amendment provided the financing for government to expand its scope, and the 17th amendment created more democratic accountability, which both were goals of the Progressive movement. An examination of House and Senate voting on these amendments suggests that those opposed to the amendments voted against them based on interests rather than ideology.  相似文献   
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Low llevel radioactive wastes are generated from reactor sources as well as fsrom non-reactor sources. In recent years, about 50,000 m3 per year of such wastes have been generated in the USA and about 10,000 m3 per year in Canada. Direct disposal of these wasters in shallow ground has been a favoured method in both countries in the past. However, with recent advances in waste management. technologies are being applied to achieve optimum goals in terms of protection of human health and safety and the environment, as well as cost-effectiveness. These technologies must be applied from the generation sources through waste minimization and optimum segregation-followed by waste processing, conditioning, storage, and disposal. A number of technologies are available and can be applied as appropriate, given the physical, chemical, and radiological characteristics of the waste. Interim and retrievable storage can be accomplished in a wide variety of storage structures, and several types of engineered disposal facility designs are now available. By applying an integrated approach to radioactive waste management. potential advers impacts on human health and safety and the environment can be minimized.  相似文献   
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The doctrine regarding unforeseeable damages in a contract was established in the well known case of Hadley vs. Baxendale. According to the judgement, a plaintiff cannot be compensated for unforeseeable damages in an incomplete contract unless he informs the defendant of the possible unforeseen contingency beforehand. In this paper, I extend the argument to the tort case in which it is hardly possible to communicate between a plaintiff and a defendant before an accident occurs. In the case of the sequential bilateral accident in which the victim’s care level is observable to the injurer, the victim’s care level can be a signal of the unforeseen contingency. I mainly discuss the implementability of the social optimum by the contributory negligence with dual standard of care enabling the communication between the parties.  相似文献   
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