论人的全面发展的历史必然性与当代价值——以马克思异化劳动理论为视角

马克思把哲学的"异化"概念与经济学的"劳动"概念结合起来,形成了"异化劳动"理论。马克思提出,在资本主义制度下私有制的生产关系造成了私人利益和公共利益的分裂,劳动发生了异化,结果使人的自由劳动变成维持人的肉体生存的手段。异化劳动理论蕴含着人的全面发展思想:异化劳动扬弃的过程是实现人的全面发展的过程、人的全面发展是对异化劳动的全面超越,是合乎客观规律的历史必然性。深入研究马克思的异化劳动理论,对于学习和理解党的十八大报告提出的坚持科学发展观的指导思想具有重要的现实价值和实践意义。     

保险公司价值链及经营要素分析

价值链是企业竞争优势分析的重要工具。引入价值链分析方法,有助于深入分析保险公司的竞争优势。从保险公司的经营活动特征出发,设计保险公司的价值链,有助于更加系统地分析保险公司的经营因素。以价值链为基础,保险公司包括16项基本经营要素：8项“资源与结构”类要素和8项“运营能力”类要素。这些经营要素通过不同的机制影响和决定着保险公司的竞争力,但是各项要素的作用机制并非均衡的。     

我国商业银行绩效评价新思路

<正>商业银行绩效评价是商业银行战略管理的重要组成部分,选定合适的绩效评价指标并合理地确定指标权重是构建商业银行绩效评价体系的首要问题。目前,商业银行绩效评价主要方法是平衡记分卡,由于平衡记分卡中     

分税种视角下中国税收高速增长之谜的分阶段剖析

本文从分税种的角度解构分析了中国税收增长的原因,认为中国税收2002年以前的超常增长是企业所得税和个人所得税的超速增长引致;而2002年以后则主要是由于税收征收率的提升促成.其中既有合理性因素如企业效益的提高,个人收入水平的上升,征管手段的先进等,也有非合理性因素,主要是税率较高,而且缺乏弹性,调整往往滞后于经济发展变化的客观实际.这两类因素对于税收增长的意义显然是不同的.前一类因素是良性的.而后一类不合理性因素从长期来看会对中国经济的健康发展产生负面影响.     

Divestitures,privatization and corporate performance in emerging markets

We use new firm‐level data to examine the effects of firm divestitures and privatization on corporate performance in a rapidly emerging market economy. Unlike the existing literature, we control for accompanying ownership changes and the fact that divestitures and ownership are potentially endogenous variables. We find that divestitures increase the firm's profitability but do not alter its scale of operations, while the effect of privatization depends on the resulting ownership structure – sometimes improving performance and sometimes bringing about decline. The effects of privatization are thus more nuanced than suggested in earlier studies. Methodologically, our study provides evidence that it is important to control for changes in ownership when analyzing divestitures and to control for endogeneity, selection and data attrition when analyzing the effects of divestitures and privatization.     

Suppliers’ Participation in a Single Buyer Electronic Market

Business to business (B2B) is the fastest growing segment of the explosive growth of e-commerce. The purpose of this study is to identify internal factors which influence the supplier’s intention to adopt private exchange (PE), a single buyer side electronic market (EM). This study identified cost, flexibility, delivery, and quality as internal capabilities and investigated how these four factors influence suppliers’ participation in PE. The results of the study indicate the following: (1) suppliers do not believe that their capability to produce customized products for customers plays an important role in PE; (2) they still believe that standardized rather than engineered products would dominate the marketplace; and (3) a contractible factor like lower price, rather than non-contractible factors including superior flexibility of production capability, fast and reliable delivery, and quality, plays an important role in the PE.     

REAL AND DISTRIBUTIVE EFFECTS OF PETROLEUM PRICE LIBERALIZATION: THE CASE OF INDONESIA

The effect of higher petroleum prices on the aggregate price level, real growth, and income distribution is appraised within a multisector computable general equilibrium (CGE) model. A reduction in the government subsidy raises petroleum prices and production costs throughout the economy. Consumer demand, production, and income decline as output prices increase and consumer purchasing power decreases. The model is applied to and calibrated for Indonesia. The simulated results predict a slight increase in the price level and a slight decrease in output. An important result is that urban household groups will be the most significantly affected by the subsidy reduction.     

Comparison of attitudes towards school lunch by elementary school children in Japan,Korea and Thailand

The attitudes of elementary school children towards school lunch among three Asian countries, namely Japan, Korea and Thailand, were compared. More school children in Japan felt that their teachers gave them advice during the school lunch programme. Japanese and Korean teachers advised their children to eat as much as possible of the lunch. Korean children may be a little more obedient with regard to heeding the advice. However, few teachers in Thailand gave the children advice over eating lunch, and the Thai children looked forward to and enjoyed the school lunch. The different responses between Thailand and other two countries may be attributed in part to the differences in the teachers' instruction in the programme. Elementary school teachers, especially in Thailand and Korea, have to take more classes in food and nutrition in universities or colleges, and positively take part in the school lunch programme.     

Exploring the Impacts of McService on Customers’ Loyalty: An Emerging Market’s Perspective

The aim of the study is to examine the key service quality attributes that affect Korean consumers’ loyalty toward McDonald’s in Korea. A survey instrument was developed to examine the key service quality attributes that influenc Korean consumers’ loyalty. The surveys were distributed to Korean college students. The results of the study suggest that social place and employee service quality are the two major dimensions that significantly affect Korean respondents’ intent to return to McDonald’s. Interestingly, convenience, value, and food quality were not found to be major dimensions that impact Korean respondents’ intention to return to McDonald’s. This finding is starkly different from the common belief that McService is based on value and covenience, as emphasized by McDonald’s value statements. The results of the study suggests that Korean consumers view McDonald’s as a social gathering place and expect high service quality from McDonald’s.     

Medical costs in patients with heart failure after acute heart failure events: one-year follow-up study

Aims: This study investigated annual medical costs using real-world data focusing on acute heart failure.

Methods: The data were retrospectively collected from six tertiary hospitals in South Korea. Overall, 330 patients who were hospitalized for acute heart failure between January 2011 and July 2012 were selected. Data were collected on their follow-up medical visits for 1 year, including medical costs incurred toward treatment. Those who died within the observational period or who had no records of follow-up visits were excluded. Annual per patient medical costs were estimated according to the type of medical services, and factors contributing to the costs using Gamma Generalized Linear Models (GLM) with log link were analyzed.

Results: On average, total annual medical costs for each patient were USD 6,199 (±9,675), with hospitalization accounting for 95% of the total expenses. Hospitalization cost USD 5,904 (±9,666) per patient. Those who are re-admitted have 88.5% higher medical expenditure than those who have not been re-admitted in 1 year, and patients using intensive care units have 19.6% higher expenditure than those who do not. When the number of hospital days increased by 1?day, medical expenses increased by 6.7%.

Limitations: Outpatient drug costs were not included. There is a possibility that medical expenses for AHF may have been under-estimated.

Conclusion: It was found that hospitalization resulted in substantial costs for treatment of heart failure in South Korea, especially in patients with an acute heart failure event. Prevention strategies and appropriate management programs that would reduce both frequency of hospitalization and length of stay for patients with the underlying risk of heart failure are needed.