SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS IN LAND CLASSIFICATION

Three interpretive systems of soil classification for agriculture were compared with respect to land use, crop yields, and certain economic characteristics. Sixty-eight farms in the Peace River area of British Columbia were classified as high or low under the ARDA, soil survey, and agronomic classification systems. Mean values for the two categories of farms under each classification system were computed and tested for statistical significance. The results indicated that as the number of significant differences increased, so did the management consideration. Consequently, the agronomic classification was the best indicator, followed by the ARDA system, and then the soil survey productivity index. Considering the basic concepts of the classification systems, this trend was not entirely unexpected. The results suggest that the management factor should play a larger role in developing viable interpretive soil classification systems and that co-operation should be sought among the various disciplines concerned with agricultural land use. LES FACTEURS SOCIO-ECONOMIQUES DANS LA CLASSIFICATION DES SOLS ACRICOLES – Trois systèmes de classification des sols agricoles ont été comparés avec I'aide du type d'utilisation des sols, du rendement des récoltes et de certaines caractéristiques économiques. Soixante-huit fernws dans la zone de “Peace River” en Colombie Britannique out été classifiés, en deux catégories avec I'aide de I'ARDA de I'enquête des sols et des systèmes de classification agronomique. Les principals valeurs pour les deux catégories de fermes appartenant à chaque système de classification ont été calculées et testées afin de vérifier leur signification statistique. Les résultats indiquérent que le nombre de différences significatives augmentaient en mêmc temps que la qualityé du “management”: Conséquence directe, la classification agronomique etait le meilleur indicateur, suivi du systeme ARDA et enfin de lindice de productivityé de l'enquête des sols. Étant donné les concepts de base de ces systèmes de classification, cette tendance n‘était pas complètement inattendue. Les résultats suggèrent que le facteur de “management” devrait jouer un rôle plus large en développant des systèmes de classification des sols viables et que la coopération devrait être recherchée parmi les différentes disciplines concernées par Vutilisation agricole des sols.     

Asymmetric Information and the Predictability of Real Estate Returns

This article examines the relation between systematic price changes and the heterogeneity of investors information sets in real estate asset markets. The empirical implications rely on a theoretical economy in which information asymmetry alters the dynamic relation between returns and trading volume. We employ a filter-rule methodology to determine predictability in returns and augment the return-based conditioning set with trading volume. The additional conditioning information is necessary since the model is underspecified when predictability is based on returns alone. Our results provide new insight into the coexistence of informational and noninformational exchange in the speculative markets for real estate assets. Specifically, we find that the predictability of real estate returns is generally more indicative of portfolio rebalancing effects than an adverse-selection problem. These results are unique in addressing the time-variation in information asymmetry.     

An analysis of Japanese earnings forecast revisions with application to seasoned equity offerings

Using the bootstrap method, we explore the characteristics of revisions in Japanese earnings forecast data. We find that forecast revisions exhibit a downward trend over time as the actual earnings announcement date approaches, and are serially correlated with three significant lags. Using these characteristics we develop a model to estimate abnormal forecast revisions, and illustrate the model's use with a sample of Japanese companies announcing seasoned equity offerings (SEOs). In contrast to results obtained by studies using American data, our findings indicate significant positive upward revisions when Japanese firms announce an SEO.     

Eco-logical education for the long emergency

In its inadvertent creation of multiple ecological crises including climate change, humanity as a whole appears caught in a lemmings loop, racing toward a probable future identified as The Long Emergency. One might think that even the possibility of this future scenario should be sufficient to effect a revolution in education. Yet overall there appears to be insufficient depth of respons-ability in this regard, of taking heed of ecological educational discourse. The paper advocates a deeply ecological education through identifying the significance of ecoliteracy as involving a critical contrast between two worldviews (modernism and a prospective ecological worldview). The paper advances futures of ecological thinking through a deep interpretation of ecology and related terms including ecosystem and eco-logics. The complex integrative character of conceptual ecology is foregrounded and extended through associating it with transdisciplinarity, integralism and critical realism under the overarching orientation of Boyer's scholarship of integration.     

Gender differences in information processing: An empirical test of the hypothesis-confirming strategy in an audit context

Accounting education research reports that female students outperform male students. We posit that different information processing styles may have accounted for this difference. We postulate that because male students tend to process information selectively, they would rate confirming information as more important than female students would. Female students would rate disconfirming information as more important. We also postulate that male students are hypothesis-confirming whereas the female students are not. Consequently, female students being comprehensive processors, would rate the task as more difficult compared to male students. To test these propositions, 36 male and 33 female students performed an evaluation task that contained equal numbers of confirming and disconfirming cues. The students were required to rate the importance of these cues to their hypothesis. The results support our propositions except that female and male students do not rate confirming information significantly differently from each other.