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81.
Transitions: Two steps from theory to policy 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper bridges a gap between emergent transition theories and the policy maker facing societal transitions when making long-term policy. Using a two-step approach the abstract concepts are linked to the realm of the policy maker. First the forces underlying transitions are identified and second where they can be found is presented. For this a conceptual map of societal systems, the clover model, is introduced. With the clover model the structures, cultures and practices of societal systems can be found. Furthermore, intermediate changes are systematically treated to track the phases of a transition. These transition diagnostics are supplemented with recommended policy frameworks. 相似文献
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Hans Kessel 《Land use policy》1985,2(2):103-113
This paper describes the methods and conclusions of a major study of environmental awareness in three countries — the USA, England and the FRG. The work was initiated by the observation that environmental protection has been brought to the fore of political debate over the last decade. It was felt that the growing political dimension to environmental awareness warranted a systematic analysis of ecological values in the context of general sociopolitical views. With the help of questionnaires, the researchers attempted to achieve three objectives: to draw an international comparison of ecological values; to investigate the environmental values held by various social macrogroups; to conduct a longitudinal analysis of changes in ecological values; and to assess desired strategies of action. 相似文献
84.
Koert Van Ittersum Matthew T. G. Meulenberg Hans C. M. Van Trijp Math J. J. M. Candel 《Journal of Agricultural Economics》2007,58(1):1-23
Successful regional products, such as Florida oranges, Idaho potatoes and Parma ham, often have to compete against products passing themselves off as the authentic product using the exact same name. This unfair competition misleads consumers, discourages small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) from marketing products based on their region of origin, and may end up hurting rural economies. To protect consumers, and support SMEs and rural economies, many countries around the world have introduced regulations enabling SMEs to legally protect the names of their regional products. The success of these regulations largely depends on consumers’ appreciation of regional certification labels that inform consumers that the name of the regional product is protected and that it denotes the authentic product. To gain an understanding about consumers’ appreciation of regional certification labels, this paper investigates consumers’ image of these labels and proposes a model that relates this image to consumers’ willingness to buy and pay for protected regional products. The model is tested based on Regulation No. 2081/92 that was introduced by the EEC allowing European SMEs to protect their regional products and market their products with a protected‐designation‐of‐origin (PDO) label. Structural equation modelling results suggest that consumers’ image of regional certification labels consists of a quality warranty dimension and an economic support dimension, which positively relate to consumers’ willingness to buy and pay for the protected regional product. Protecting regional products and marketing them with regional certification labels may be beneficial for SMEs producing and marketing regional products. Policy and managerial implications are discussed. 相似文献
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The assortment of drugs on the Swedish market has been analysed in order to illustrate its current structure and its qualitative and quantitative changes. The analysis comprises both active substances and pharmaceutical specialities, and it has in several cases been divided into different pharmacological groups and into Swedish and imported products. The main aspects are: market life of products introduced since 1960; withdrawal of drugs; age of the current assortment of drugs; structural changes during 15 years; new drugs introduced since 1960; combinations; synonyms. 相似文献
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Hans Georg Zimmermann Ralph Grothmann 《International Journal of Intelligent Systems in Accounting, Finance & Management》2005,13(1):33-40
This paper introduces a stock‐picking algorithm that can be used to perform an optimal asset allocation for a large number of investment opportunities. The allocation scheme is based upon the idea of causal risk. Instead of referring to the volatility of the assets time series, the stock‐picking algorithm determines the risk exposure of the portfolio by concerning the non‐forecastability of the assets. The underlying expected return forecasts are based on time‐delay recurrent error correction neural networks, which utilize the last model error as an auxiliary input to evaluate their own misspecification. We demonstrate the profitability of our stock‐picking approach by constructing portfolios from 68 different assets of the German stock market. It turns out that our approach is superior to a preset benchmark portfolio. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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