Shareholders of the World United? Organized Labour's Preferences on Corporate Governance under Pension Fund Capitalism in the United States,United Kingdom and France

This article considers whether organized labour's engagement with shareholder activism represents a shift in unions’ traditional stakeholder preferences on corporate governance under pension fund capitalism. It does so in light of recent critiques of the class power thesis of corporate governance which suggest greater fluidity and fragmentation in labour's approach. Adopting a diverse case study strategy to compare organized labour's actions in the United States, United Kingdom and France, the article explains these activities as innovative strategies, similar to other revitalization initiatives, designed to advance traditional agendas by alternative means. The article thus concludes that, while organized labour's shareholder activism is unexpected under the class power thesis, its core preferences remain largely unchanged.     

Fighting Food Waste by Law: Making Sense of the Chinese Approach

Journal of Consumer Policy - The Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress adopted the Anti-food Waste Law of the People’s Republic of China in April 2021 to guarantee grain...     

The Influence of Interorganizational Collaboration on Logic Conciliation and Tensions Within Hybrid Organizations: Insights from Social Enterprise–Corporate Collaborations

Advertising is a booming activity both in the physical realm and on the Internet. Online advertising is growing and is subject to legal standards, although some self-imposed ethical standards for the industry are needed. This has been called self-regulation. This article examines the important role that self-regulation (in the form of ethical standards) can play in addressing advertising that uses degrading and discriminatory images of women that compromise their dignity. Sexist advertising is a reification of women—stereotypes and sexist social models—that do not convey a realistic image of a woman’s abilities and potential. This article analyzes specific decisions on the subject issued by the Jury of the Spanish Association for the Self-Regulation of Commercial Communication. The Jury’s decisions are based on a code of ethics. The technical expertise and impartiality manifested in its decisions have produced a high degree of credibility and confidence in the organization.

     

Including cost income ratio into utility function as a way of dealing with ‘exploding’ implicit prices in mixed logit models

The estimates of mean WTP are typically of main interest in non-market valuation studies. In the case of mixed logit models the distribution of WTP for an attribute is derived from the distribution of the ratio of individual coefficients. Since the cost coefficient enters the denominator, its distribution plays a major role in the distribution of WTP. A standard practice in analysing the data from choice experiments is to assume the cost coefficient is fixed, which implies that there is no heterogeneity in price sensitivity. The three most commonly given reasons for this are: (i) the distribution of the marginal willingness-to-pay for an attribute is then simply the distribution of that attribute's coefficient; (ii) in this way analysts wish to restrict the price variable to be non-positive for all individuals; and (iii) analysts avoid assuming log-normal cost because it is often found to produce behaviourally implausible estimates. Constraining a price coefficient to be fixed can however have serious consequences, i.e. a constant price coefficient implies that the standard deviations of unobserved utility is the same for all observations which can lead to biased results. Respondents are also likely to vary in price sensitivities, thus ignoring this variation can lead to erroneous interpretation and conclusions. In this paper we demonstrate a choice experiment exercise in which specifying a log-normal cost results in implausibly large WTP, however, adding into the utility function the cost income ratio prevents implicit prices from ‘exploding’.     

Quality of visitor attractions,satisfaction, benefits and behavioural intentions of visitors: verification of a model

This study is an attempt to verify a model of relations between motivation, quality of product of attraction, benefits, satisfaction and behavioural intentions of visiting people. The data for the analysis were collected from 1770 visitors in four tourist attractions of the Wielkopolska and Kujawy regions. It was noted that the effect of performance of service provider on behavioural intentions takes the route through benefits gained by the visitors. Benefits have a stronger total effect on behavioural intentions than visitors' satisfaction. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Perceptions of students university of corporate social responsibility

The findings of this article bring knowledge about the understanding of corporate social responsibility from the university students’ perception and their values’ structure in a cross cultural high education context. Primary data collected via a survey in Business Schools at Universities of Spain, Poland and Bulgaria and multivariate analysis evidence that both the values’ structure and university students’ CSR perception are influenced by cross cultural factors. In this High Education context and according to Schwartz’s values theory and the Triple Bottom line, the study reveals different value profiles by gender and nationality and diverse attitudes to CSR perception across these European countries. The result approached is important for organizations to assure the success of strategic purposes implicit on social corporate initiatives.     

Optimal income taxation with human capital accumulation and limited record keeping

This paper characterizes optimal income taxes in a dynamic economy where human capital is unobservable and the government is restricted to use taxes that depend only on current income. I show that unobservability of human capital tends to decrease the labor wedge, while the effect on the human capital wedge is uncertain. I also analyze the relationship between optimal taxes in economies with and without endogenous human capital and identify two qualitative reasons why the optimal tax codes will differ. I perform numerical simulations to calculate the quantitative relevance of endogenous human capital formation for optimal tax policy. I find that endogenous human capital lowers marginal tax rates by about 9% on average, as compared with a static model without human capital.