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751.
This paper examines the development of effective boards in venture capital (VC)-backed initial public offerings. It argues
that VC-backed IPOs suffer from two sets of agency costs which are related to principal–agent and principal–principal relationships
between the founders and members of the VC syndicate. Using a unique sample of 293 entrepreneurial IPOs in the UK it shows
that VC syndicates invest in relatively more risky firms. VC-backed IPOs have more independent boards than IPOs with no VC
involvement, with board independence being higher in syndicated VC-backed firms. These results are consistent with assumption
that these governance factors are used to mitigate agency costs associated with VC involvement in IPO firms. We also find
that in syndicated IPOs there is a higher equity presence of passive private equity firms investing alongside VC firms. 相似文献
752.
Communicating nutrition information at the point of purchase: An eye‐tracking study of shoppers at two grocery stores in the United States 下载免费PDF全文
Mike Bartels Katherin Tillack Chung‐Tung Jordan Lin 《International Journal of Consumer Studies》2018,42(5):557-565
Providing nutrition information at the point of purchase is one approach that can be used to help consumers adopt and maintain a healthy diet. Previous research has examined consumer self‐reported notice and use of the information as well as how the design of the information affects its attention and use in a laboratory environment using eye‐tracking methodology. This study advances the literature by applying eye‐tracking methodology to explore consumer visual and choice behavior in a real shopping environment, and by recognizing that nutrition information competes with other visual stimuli in the store and consumers are vulnerable to a “limited attention span” for nutrition information in a shopping setting. Data came from a cross‐sectional survey conducted in two grocery stores in the United States in July 2014 with a convenience sample of 60 grocery shoppers while they were selecting and buying items from one of three product categories (ready‐to‐eat cereal, snacks, and soup). The study finds that point‐of‐purchase nutrition information faced strong competition for participants’ attention from other visual elements in a real shopping environment and the attention is dominated by nonnutrition elements, particularly brand/product name, product imagery, and product pricing. Nutrition‐related information, on the other hand, received much less attention, with claims and front‐of‐package nutrition symbols seen by more participants than the Nutrition Facts label. The study suggests that to more effectively enable nutrition information to “catch the eyes” of shoppers at the point of purchase, increasing consumer exposure to the information and enhancing shopper education may merit further investigation. 相似文献
753.
K. Mike Casey Dwight C. Anderson Hani I. Mesak Ross N. Dickens 《The Financial Review》1999,34(3):33-46
This article introduces a new methodology to investigate the effects of the 1986 Tax Reform Act (TRA) on corporate dividend policy. The methodology employs a modified version of Rozeff's (1982) model to control for the potential effect of underlying influential variables. The empirical results show there is no widespread reaction to the 1986 TRA passage on the aggregate level of dividends and only modest support for an industry-related dividend effect. We also find that firm size does not play a significant role in dividend policy reaction to the 1986 TRA. 相似文献
754.
755.
Journal of Productivity Analysis - This paper extends the fixed effect panel stochastic frontier models to allow group heterogeneity in the slope coefficients. We propose the first-difference... 相似文献
756.
This study examines the formation of business relationships among tourism organisations. A phenomenographic study conducted with 25 managers drawn from regional tourism organisations in Queensland, Australia revealed three qualitatively different but interrelated ways of experiencing relationships: as competition, co‐operation and collaboration. Differences among experiences were accounted for by the way managers defined the meanings of several dimensions common to each experience. The results suggest managers' experiences can be developmentally ordered on a continuum of relationships that demonstrate progressively more complex and inclusive approaches to forming relationships. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
757.
Mike Wright Nick Wilson Ken Robbie Christine Ennew 《Managerial and Decision Economics》1996,17(1):57-70
Management but-outs are an important aspect of corporate restructuring. In order to understand their longer-term impact there is a need to examine their effects in recessionary conditions. In this context, the paper analyses the factors which lead to management buy-out failure using both financial and non-financial information. The evidence is consistent with the view that some mechanisms introduced to deal with agency cost problems, particularly management incentives and undertaking restructuring activity in a timely fashion are associated with a lower probability of failure. Excessive leverage and delays in restructuring are associated with a higher probability of failure. 相似文献
758.
Canan C. Mutlu Marc Van Essen Mike W. Peng Sabrina F. Saleh Patricio Duran 《Journal of Management Studies》2018,55(6):943-979
How has the impact of ‘good corporate governance’ principles on firm performance changed over time in China? Amassing a database of 84 studies, 684 effect sizes, and 547,622 firm observations, we explore this important question by conducting a meta‐analysis on the corporate governance literature on China. The weight of evidence demonstrates that two major ‘good corporate governance’ principles advocating board independence and managerial incentives are indeed associated with better firm performance. However, we cannot find strong support for the criticisms against CEO duality. In addition, we go beyond a static perspective (such as certain governance mechanisms are effective or ineffective) by investigating the temporal hypotheses. We reveal that over time, with the improvement in the quality of market institutions and development of financial markets, the monitoring mechanisms of the board and state ownership become more strongly related to firm performance, whereas the incentive mechanisms lose their significance. Overall, our findings advance a dynamic institution‐based view by substantiating the case that institutional transitions matter for the relationship between governance mechanisms and firm performance in the second largest economy in the world. 相似文献
759.
Mike Morris 《Oxford Development Studies》2017,45(3):303-320
Many low-income countries are integrated into apparel global value chains through foreign direct investment (FDI), including Lesotho, which has become the largest Sub-Saharan African apparel exporter to the US under the African Growth and Opportunity Act. More recently, South Africa has emerged as a new apparel export market in Lesotho. The two markets are supplied by different types of FDI firms – affiliates of Taiwanese transnational producers and South African manufacturers – which are part of different value chain variants. The paper assesses the implications for industrial upgrading and development of integration into these two value chain variants in Lesotho, drawing on firm-level and institutional interviews. We show that their different characteristics in terms of investors’ motivation, governance structure, end markets, firm set up and most importantly and causally, ownership and embeddedness have crucial impacts on functional, product and process upgrading, local linkages, and skill development. 相似文献
760.