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61.
Ruben P. Konig 《Quality and Quantity》2010,44(3):409-425
Analytical strategies are discussed to study trends in data from repeated social survey research with correspondence analysis.
By adding time to the contingency table, changing social categories can be studied over time with composite, multiple, or
joint correspondence analysis. Doing so, one has to assume a stable society. By adding time twice, changing social categories
can be studied in the context of their changing society. This last analytical strategy is illustrated with the case of the
membership of Dutch broadcasting associations in changing Dutch society of the last decades (1979–2005). 相似文献
62.
Ruben Juarez 《Economic Theory》2008,34(1):69-84
A good is produced with increasing marginal cost. A group of agents want at most one unit of that good. The two classic methods
that solve this problem are average cost and random priority. In the first method users request a unit ex ante and every agent
who gets a unit pay average cost of the number of produced units. Under random priority users are ordered without bias and
the mechanism successively offers the units at price equal to marginal cost. We compare these mechanisms by the worst absolute
surplus loss and find that random priority unambiguously performs better than average cost for any cost function and any number
of agents. Fixing the cost function, we show that the ratio of worst absolute surplus losses will be bounded by positive constants
for any number of agents, hence the above advantage of random priority is not very large.
I especially thank Herve Moulin for helpful comments and suggestions. I also appreciate the feedback from Justin Leroux and
an anonymous referee. 相似文献
63.
We study the impact of travel-time reliability on trips made by railway passengers. Unlike most of the studies in this area, which make use of stated preference survey data, we use a revealed preference data set obtained by measuring the railway reliability and the number of season-ticket holders on the Dutch railway network. We make use of six travel-time reliability indicators, including the standard deviation and the 80th minus the 50th percentile of travel time. Our results indicate that the 80th minus the 50th percentile indicator best explains the fluctuations in the number of season-ticket holders. A 10% improvement of this indicator results in a 1.47% increase in the number of season-ticket holders. 相似文献
64.
Ruben G 《Monthly labor review / U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics》1990,113(1):19-29
Some problems which plagued negotiators throughout the decade continue into the next, and are joined by additional issues such as rising cost of health insurance, family care, and health and safety concerns. 相似文献
65.
Developing countries have tried a variety of policies concerning new technology as a source of agricultural growth; there is still much debate on which is the most efficient. More study of private methods of technology transfer is needed. This article presents some preliminary statistical tests of the relationships among seed imports, private research, public research and yield. Seed imports and private research are found to be important potential sources of improved technology. Countries which restrict imports and activities by multinational seed companies may impose costs on their farmers and consumers in terms of foregone productivity. 相似文献
66.
Trade Regimes and Spillover Effects of FDI: Evidence from Uruguay. — This paper examines differences in the character and
impact of FDI entering Uruguay during import substitution, pursued until 1973, and the subsequent more outwardoriented trade
regime. Regression analysis shows that the labor productivity of local firms is positively related to the presence of older
import-substituting MNCs in their industry. The presence of foreign affiliates established after 1973 has no apparent impact
on local productivity, but seems to raise the likelihood that local firms engage in exporting. This may be a sign of export
spillovers, indicating that local firms may pick up some exportrelated skills from the operations of outward-oriented foreign
MNCs. 相似文献
67.
In the robustness framework, the parametric model underlying the data is usually embedded in a neighborhood of other plausible
distributions. Accordingly, the asymptotic properties of robust estimates should be uniform over the whole set of possible
models. In this paper, we study location M-estimates calculated with a previous generalized S-scale and show that, under some
regularity conditions, they are uniformly asymptotically normal over contamination neighborhoods of known size. There is a
trade off between the size of the neighborhood and the breakdown point of the GS-scale, but it is possible to adjust the estimates
so that they have 50% breakdown point whereas the uniform asymptotic normality is ensured over neighborhoods that contain
up to 25% of contamination. Alternatively, both the breakdown point and the size of the neighborhood could be chosen to be
38%. These results represent an improvement over those obtained recently by Salibian-Barrera and Zamar (2004)
J.R. Berrendero was Spanish supported by Grant BFM2001-0169 and Grand 06/0050/2003 (Comunidad De Madrid)
R. H. Zamar was partially supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC). 相似文献
68.
The challenge for the UN and for all publicly funded institutions that distribute surpluses for international needs is nothing less than to devise new global mechanisms for the collection and distribution of the surplus generated in a global economy. A minimalist interpretation of when individual governments can and cannot provide public goods has exercised strong influences on perceptions as to what is appropriate at international levels and with regard to the financing of international institutions. There is a strong consensus on an important range of international social goods. Three kinds of financing alternatives should be accorded priority in policy research—charges for the use of the global commons, monetary measures, and international taxation. 相似文献
69.
This article studies the adaptation of technology in the dairy industry when it is transferred from its country of origin (Sweden) to a Third World country (Uruguay). Both average and frontier production functions are used to study the spread in technology. We find that although trends in technology appear to be the major determinant of factor choice in Uruguay, there is still some adaptation to local factor prices and other local conditions.Thanks are due to Finn Försund, Lennart Hjalmarsson, Mario Zejan and two anonymous referees. Financial support from SAREC, Sweden, is gratefully acknowledged. 相似文献
70.
Brenda L. Boetel Ruben Hoffmann Donald J. Liu 《American journal of agricultural economics》2007,89(1):36-51
This article addresses the issues of investment/disinvestment asymmetry and a possible existence of a sluggish regime in the demand for a quasi-fixed input in the U.S. hog production sector. Adopting a new threshold estimation procedure, quarterly data from 1970 through 2002 are used to estimate a regime-dependent investment demand equation for a quasi-fixed input, taking sows as a proxy. The results support the existence of three regimes over alternative specifications precluding the sluggish regime, confirming the existence of asset fixity in hog production. The results also highlight the importance of accounting for investment rigidity when estimating hog supply and variable input demands. 相似文献