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Allgemeine Monopolisierung

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The Maximum Sustainable Yield of Artisanal Fishery in Zanzibar: A Cointegration Approach

The objective of this study is to analyze the scope for expanding theartisanal fishery in Zanzibar and to present cointegration as an econometricmethod to estimate the maximum sustainable yield (MSY) in fishery. For thatpurpose the Schaefer and Fox surplus production models are considered.Application of cointegration is discussed to test whether there is atendency to long run equilibrium between catch and effort as assumed bythe surplus production models and implied by the MSY concept. Moreover,estimation of the parameters is dealth with. Application to data relating toartisanal fishery in Zanzibar shows that there is support for a Fox model.Moreover, we find that the current catch is only about 40 percent of theestimated MSY, but the prevalent effort is about two times bigger than theestimated optimum effort. It appears therefore that the fishery in Zanzibaris biologically overfished.     

The Influence of Board Diversity,Board Diversity Policies and Practices,and Board Inclusion Behaviors on Nonprofit Governance Practices

This study examines how and when nonprofit board performance is impacted by board diversity. Specifically, we investigate board diversity policies and practices as well as board inclusion behaviors as mediating mechanisms for the influence of age, gender, and racial/ethnic diversity of the board on effective board governance practices. The empirical analysis, using a sample of 1,456 nonprofit board chief executive officers, finds that board governance practices are directly influenced by the gender and racial diversity of the board and that board inclusion behaviors together with diversity policies and practices mediate the influence of the board’s gender and racial diversity on internal and external governance practices. Additionally, we found an interaction effect that indicates when boards have greater gender diversity, the negative impact of racial diversity on governance practices is mitigated. The findings suggest that board governance can be improved with more diverse membership, but only if the board behaves inclusively and there are policies and practices in place to allow the diverse members to have an impact.     

Boom in der Biokraftstoffbranche – eine nachhaltige Entwicklung?

Die Energieversorgung des motorisierten Stra?enverkehrs steht vor einem tief greifenden Wandel. Alternative Kraftstoffe, vor allem biogene Kraftstoffe etablieren sich zunehmend im Markt. Ist der Umschwung zu den neuen Kraftstoffen wirklich nachhaltig? Welchen Beitrag k?nnen biogene Kraftstoffe zur Kraftstoff-Versorgung tats?chlich leisten? Und worauf müssen sich die Autofahrer künftig einstellen? Dr. J?rg Adolf, 40, ist Mitarbeiter eines Energieunternehmens. Der Aufsatz gibt seine pers?nliche Meinung wieder.     

Der Einfluß des Banksystems auf Geldmenge,Masseneinkommen und Zinsbildung

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The spatial characteristics of inland transport hubs: evidences from Southern India

This paper investigates the spatial characteristics of inland transport hubs with evidence from the users’ choice of dry ports in cargo exportation in Southern India. The findings indicate that the current solution, where shippers often choose dry ports located closest to their production base, is not the optimal solution in terms of the minimisation of transport cost, mainly due to government policies and dry port’s inability in providing value-added services to shippers. This study provides important insight on the major attributes in explaining the spatial characteristics of inland transport hubs, especially in developing countries.