高铁开通对区域创新格局的影响及其作用机制

交通基础设施是区域创新体系的重要组成部分,创新活动对交通基础设施具有内在依赖性。从理论上讲,作为联接不同城市的重要交通方式,高铁开通为城市创新活动提供了诸多便利条件,会促进高铁城市创新网络的形成,加快知识传播与溢出,提升城市创新水平,并缩小高铁城市之间创新差距。文章基于我国2003年至2016年285个城市面板数据,运用双重差分模型和空间面板计量模型,实证分析了高铁开通对区域创新空间格局的影响及其作用机制。研究发现,高铁开通提高了城市通达性,强化了高铁城市内部知识与技术溢出,带动了城市创新要素集聚,并对区域创新空间格局产生深刻影响。一方面,高铁开通对城市创新的影响具有"俱乐部效应",促进了高铁城市内部科技创新的均衡化发展,缩小高铁城市创新差距;另一方面,高铁开通也会强化高铁城市与非高铁城市科技创新的二元化发展趋势,拉大两者创新水平差距。     

长三角地区住房反向抵押养老保险需求研究--基于“医养结合”一体化视角

我国人口老龄化问题凸显,给传统社会养老保障体系带来巨大挑战。住房反向抵押养老保险作为"医养结合"养老模式下的新型商业养老保险,可拓宽养老金融筹资渠道,缓解社会养老压力。本文在对长三角地区人口老龄化背景下住房反向抵押养老保险需求情况进行问卷调查的基础上,运用logistc回归模型和交叉列表分析法对数据进行了分析,认为我国推行住房反向抵押养老保险应在政府推动下进行。     

纳税服务要倾情、凝心、尽力

前不久,国家税务总局进行了机构调整,专门设立了纳税服务司,可以预见在不久的将来,纳税服务工作将被摆到我国税收工作比较重要的位置,这适应了政府职能转变的需要,顺应了     

金融工作者作业效率的影响因素及提升途径

在金融创新日趋活跃的今天,金融业工作者的效率提升为金融业实践及理论界所关注。金融业是知识密集型行业,金融工作者作为典型的知识型员工,是金融业最重要的资本。金融工作是一项无形的、知识性、非规律性、协同性、创新性的智力活动,其过程较难监控,并且结果难以计量,其工作效率的提高会受到工作者自身因素、工作任务因素、组织管理因素和组织环境因素的影响。因此,有效设计工作环境、优化工作流程、引入先进科学技术以及科学的管理方法成为金融工作者效率提升的有效途径,金融实践案例和相应的数据提供了佐证。     

Shared and shared alike? Founders' prior shared experience and performance of newly founded banks

Research summary: Pre‐entry industry experience is a central construct in the founding team literature. Research on prior shared experience (PSE) emphasizes that founding teams face challenges integrating and acting on independent experiences, so PSE should be beneficial for new venture performance. Existing studies, however, typically study PSE in blunt terms, expecting that more is better. Instrumental variable analyses of a unique sample of 344 commercial banks founded in four U.S. states between 1996 and 2006 showed that industry‐specific PSE may be more or less beneficial, depending on several founding team characteristics. Our findings provide nuance and caution to the narrative that PSE is always beneficial. Under some circumstances, firms with founding team PSE may be no better off than those without founding team PSE, suggesting more research is necessary to understand when and why founding team experience matters to new firms. Managerial summary: Pre‐entry experience of founding teams affects new firm performance, but is hard for founders to leverage separately gained experience. Knowledge moves more readily if sets of managers leave together to start a new firm. But, it may be simplistic to conclude that prior shared experience (PSE) is always good, or better than the sum of independent experiences. In a set of banks founded in four U.S. states between 1996 and 2006, we find that PSE is not necessarily a direct pathway to better bank performance. Characteristics of the PSE, such as the part of industry the former and new banks operate in, can lower its benefit. We also found that the benefits of PSE erode as the entire founding team develops shared history after startup. Our findings have implications for entrepreneurs, investors, and policy‐makers. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

实质性创新还是策略性创新?——宏观产业政策对微观企业创新的影响

本文采用2001—2010年沪深A股上市公司的专利数据,分析中国产业政策对企业创新行为的影响及其内部机理。研究发现,受产业政策激励的公司,专利申请显著增加,但只是非发明专利显著增加,追求"数量"而忽略"质量";当公司预期将获得更多的政府补贴和税收优惠时,其专利申请、特别是非发明专利申请显著增加,选择性产业政策的财税手段使企业为"寻扶持"而创新。进一步对企业分组分析发现,上述现象只在国企组、非高新技术行业组中显著。这说明选择性产业政策只激励企业策略性创新,企业为"寻扶持"而增加创新"数量",创新"质量"并没有显著提高。发明专利申请的增加才能提高企业的市场价值,推动技术进步和获取竞争优势的实质性创新才能促进企业发展。     

What can be learned from China’s success?

Since 1978, China has experienced the most rapid economic growth of any country in world history, and the most rapid growth in living standards of any major economy. Following the latest international financial crisis, China outperformed any other major economy – from the second quarter of 2007 to the second quarter of 2014, China’s economy grew by 78% and the USA by 8%. In a single generation, China has gone from a ‘low income economy’ to the verge of achieving ‘high income’ status by World Bank criteria. Achieving this would double the population living in ‘high income’ economies globally. This extremely rapid development is sometimes explained in terms of unique ‘Chinese characteristics’, but research over the last 30 years suggests it is rooted in universal economic processes. While the combination of global forces producing economic growth is unique in China and produces unique ‘Chinese characteristics’, they can operate throughout the world economy. If other developing economies could achieve the scale of China’s economic success, global problems of poverty and its consequences would be solved. China’s policy response to the international financial crisis was far more effective than that of other major economies. This paper examines the chief strategic lessons to be drawn from China’s success.     

三伏天和三九天采用隔附子饼灸治疗四肢逆冷症的临床疗效

目的探讨三伏天和三九天采用隔附子饼灸治疗四肢逆冷症的临床疗效。方法选取我院于2012年7月至2013年1月收治的四肢逆冷症患者54例,将其随机分为三伏组与三九组,均采用隔附子饼灸,治疗1个疗程后进行疗效评定。结果两组患者总有效率分别为92.6%、85.2%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治愈率分别为59.3%、29.6%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在三伏天和三九天施行隔附子饼灸均能有效改善四肢逆冷症,且与节气、气温关系密切,在三伏天施灸为最佳时期,符合"春夏养阳"的理论。