经历"9·11"巨变的美国年轻一代

在全美国像密歇根这样的大学里，美国年轻一代曾经拥有一切，和平、富足、繁荣的生活，甚至做着开办网络公司，然后在３０岁左右就可以退休的好梦。然而在经历了“９·１１”之后，这些想法似乎都需要重新考虑了。未来正日益变得不可预测，长期坚持的信念与理想，在未来的几年     

产业集群发展中路径依赖的形成——社会心理学的观点

有关产业集群的研究对其可能产生的风险的探讨存在不足.路径依赖不仅在一个组织内部会产生,同样会在一个区域产业集群的发展过程中形成.本文通过引入社会心理学的两个概念--选择性注意和认同,揭示出产业集群的发展受到社会心理因素的影响,会促成路径依赖的形成,最后指出在制定产业集群发展政策时应该考虑社会心理因素的影响.     

论三个级别价格歧视间的关系

本文尝试着从联合需求曲线中裂变出三个级别的价格歧视,以此揭示出其间的内在联系。个别需求曲线的加总构成了联合需求曲线,它是就每单位的消费择优录取所有消费者的保留价格,将其从高到低依次排列的,因而它既反映了“不同的人”——高端客户与低端客户的需求强度的差异,也反映了“不同的量”——高端需求与低端需求的需求强度的差异。只要能成功地将联合需求曲线按“量”与按“人”进行拆分,就可以在不同的子市场依照不同的需求价格弹性对高端客户与高端需求定高价、对低端客户与低端需求定低价。     

Uncertain lifetimes and the welfare enhancing properties of annuity markets and social security

This paper explores the implications of social security programs and annuity markets through which agents, who are characterized by different distributions of length of lifetime, share death-related risks. When annuity markets operate, a non-discriminatory social security program affects only the intragenerational allocation of resources. In the absence of private information regarding individual survival probabilities, such a program will lead to a non-optimal intragenerational allocation of resources. However, the presence of adverse selection considerations gives rise to a Pareto improving role for a mandatory non-discriminatory social security program.     

人民币汇率的非均衡分析与汇率制度的宏观效率

在现行制度背景下 ,本文从我国外汇市场经济主体微观行为出发 ,建立了我国的外汇需求和供给函数 ;进而分析了市场的均衡和非均衡态势 ,讨论了人民币汇率稳定运行态势后面的微观行为原因。分析发现 :1 .人民币汇率的非均衡是必然的和经常的 ,不能形成市场均衡汇率。在此背景下形成的现实汇率势必是扭曲的汇率 ,由此导致外汇资源的配置扭曲以及相应的真实资源配置扭曲。 2 .在汇率的稳定和调节机制上 ,当前汇率制度类似于“可调整的盯住汇率制” ,我国汇率制度因此具有固定汇率制的特征 ,但不具备固定汇率制的汇率稳定机制———稳定的汇率预期。 3 .现行汇率制度构成对汇率政策的严重制约 ,调节国际收支不得不倚重于直接管制政策的运用 ;货币政策丧失了独立性 ,加剧宏观经济的波动。这种低效率表明 ,我国当前汇率制度及其微观市场安排急待改革。     

谈"HU法"对策论模型在经营管理中对利润分配问题的优化应用

本文从数学角度说明"HU法"对策论模型在经营管理中的利润分配方面具有可操作性和实效性.     

The “Iron Law of Paternalism” in Employee Grievances and Arbitration? A Comparison of Disciplinary and Nondisciplinary Cases

In the criminology literature, the iron law of paternalism suggests that women receive less serious sanctions in the judicial system. This examination of three years of grievance outcomes (n= 1216) and arbitration outcomes (n= 1146) tests this iron law in the context of organizational disciplinary and dispute resolutions. These data, across several levels of outcomes (win, lose, compromise), controlling for the severity of grievances (disciplinary/nondisciplinary) and arbitrations (termination/nontermination) provide no support for the paternalistic thesis. Moreover, we find no support for the paternalistic thesis with regard to either the incidence or length of suspensions as a function of gender.     

Price leadership in a duopoly with capacity constraints and product differentiation

This paper analyzes Stackelberg price leadership in a duopoly in which firms are capacity constrained and products are imperfect substitutes. Assuming symmetric substitutes, linear demand, and efficient rationing, we characterize the equilibria with an exogenously specified leader. Using the equilibrium profits derived from these games, we argue that over certain ranges of asymmetric capacities an endogenous price leader will emerge. When endogenous leadership does arise, it is the large capacity firm which is the leader. We thus provide a game theoretic model of dominant firm price leadership.Dave Furth's research has been undertaken as a part of the project Competition and Cooperation. Dan Kovenock has benefited from financial support from Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Krannert School of Management, and the Jay N. Ross Young Faculty Research Fellowship. We are grateful to Tom Faith for valuable research assistance. We have benefited from the comments of the editor, two anonymous referees, and participants at the European meetings of the Econometric Society in September 1989 and the North American Winter Meetings of the Econometric Society in December 1989.     

会计双重披露差异与中国会计标准的国际协调研究述评

本文回顾了1997～2002年间与境内外报告会计差异及中国会计标准国际协调有关的经验研究文献,并对此类研究的基本发现与研究局限进行了初步总结和评价。     

论可持续发展与科技税收政策

我国要实施可持续发展战略,必须制定一整套符合可持续发展要求的税收政策--可持续发展税收.科技税收政策是可持续发展税收政策的重要内容.文章分析了我国现行的鼓励科技发展的税收措施,通过比较与借鉴国外促进可持续发展的科技措施,提出了有关建立和完善我国科技税收政策的建议.