Product placement practices in prime-time television programmes in Hong Kong

ABSTRACT

Product placement research tends to show how product placements impact consumer behaviour but less research examines the nature of product placement execution. This is the first study to examine product placement execution in Asia focusing on Hong Kong prime-time television programmes. Specifically it explores the prevalence of brand appearances, characteristics of programmes linked to brand appearances, features of placed brands and products, modality of brand appearances, character interaction with placed products and the placement context. It was found that integrating brands in television programmes in Hong Kong seems to be well supported by advertisers, with one brand appearing in every 11 minutes of programming. Less than half of brand appearances were disclosed at the end of the programmes, while none were disclosed prior to the programme which raises questions about regulation of the practice. Results of the analysis provide useful insights into the practice of product placement in this fast growth context and its (dis)connection with existing product placement literature.     

Pacemaker complications and costs: a nationwide economic study

Abstract

Aims: Novel leadless pacemakers (LPMs) may reduce complications and associated costs related to conventional pacemaker systems. This study sought to estimate the incidence and associated costs of traditional pacemaker complications, in those patients who were eligible for LPM implantation.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the French National Hospital Database (PMSI), including all patients implanted with a pacemaker in France in 2012, who could have alternatively received an LPM. Complication rates and their associated costs 3 years post-implantation were estimated from the perspective of the French social security system.

Results: From a total of 65,553 patients, 11,770 (18%) met the inclusion criteria. Overall, 618 patients (5.3%) had a record of pacemaker complications during follow-up, of which 89% were related to the lead and pocket. Most common were pocket bleeding, lead- or generator-related mechanical complications, and pneumothorax. Overall, the mean cost of pacemaker complications per patient was €6,674?±?3,867 at 3 years. Specifically, €7,143?±?2,685 for pocket bleeding, €5,123?±?2,676 for pneumothorax, and €6,020?±?3,272 for mechanical complications.

Conclusions: Major complications associated with the lead and pocket of conventional pacemaker systems are still common, and these represent a significant burden to healthcare systems as they generate substantial costs.     

Transparency of nonprofit organizations: An integrative framework and research agenda

Over the past 20 years, as the study of transparency has evolved into a burgeoning multidisciplinary field, nonprofit scholars have developed an impressive body of research on the antecedents and outcomes of the transparency of nonprofit organizations (NPOs). From both theoretical and practical purposes, it is necessary to develop an overall picture of such antecedents and outcomes, to allow scholars and NPOs to understand why, when, and how transparency should be implemented. Current studies provide a fragmented view, focused on specific elements of NPO transparency; with a systematic literature review of 76 articles, this article offers both an integrative framework of the antecedents and outcomes of NPO transparency and an agenda for research, based on a critical analysis of the integrative framework. Four relevant research orientations emerge: (1) direction of NPO transparency, (2) distinguishing actual from perceived transparency, (3) the dark side of NPO transparency, and (4) NPO transparency contingency factors. Research along these four orientations could add nuance to existing knowledge of transparency and provide key insights with regard to why, when, and how transparency works.     

Resident attitudes towards gaming and tourism development in Macao: Growth machine theory as a context for identifying supporters and opponents

Despite global recession, Macao continues to develop as an international gaming destination. However, as the intensity of development increases, the government is losing support for the gaming industry among some residents. This loss of support may be examined within the context of growth machine theory. This paper surveys residents regarding their attitudes towards gaming and development. The findings suggest residents can be divided into two groups — gaming supporters and gaming opponents. From these findings, recommendations are made for future planning, development and marketing in Macao. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The Influence of Indirect Democracy and Leadership Choice on Cooperation

Experimental Economics - The paper examines whether an institution has a differing impact on cooperation if it is introduced by a representative of the affected subjects rather than exogenously...