A substitution orbit model of competitive innovations

Successful innovation and diffusion of technology can be attributed to the identification of the orbit of emerging new technologies that complement or substitute for existing technologies. This dynamism resembles the co-evolution process in an ecosystem. In an ecosystem, in order to maintain sustainable development, the complex interplay between competition and cooperation, typically observed in predator-prey systems, create a sophisticated balance. Given that an ecosystem can be used as a masterpiece system, this sophisticated balance can provide suggestive ideas for identifying an optimal orbit of competitive innovations with complement or substitution dynamism.Prompted by such a sophisticated balance in an ecosystem, this paper analyzes the optimal orbit of competitive innovations and, on the basis of an application of Lotka-Volterra equations, it reviews substitution orbits of Japan's monochrome to color TV system, fixed telephones to cellular telephones, cellular telephones to mobile Internet access service, and analog to digital TV broadcasting. On the basis of substitution orbits analyses, it attempts to extract suggestions supportive to identifying an optimal policy option in a complex orbit leading to expected orbit.Key findings include policy options that are effective in controlling parameters for Lotka-Volterra equations leading to expected orbit.     

Managing academic innovation in Taiwan: Towards a ‘scientific-economic’ framework

Since the passage of the Science and Technology Basic Law in 1999, Taiwanese universities have taken a more “scientific-economic” approach to protect and commercialize their research. This research mainly examines innovation activities such as patenting, licensing, and incubated startups in the context of Taiwanese higher education institutions (HEIs). The “scientific-economic” framework used to analyze the strategic aspects influencing these academic innovations includes (1) intellectual property managerial capabilities, (2) the strength of external industrial partnerships, (3) the university entrepreneurial orientation, and (4) government research policy. Four hypotheses were developed. Data were collected via a questionnaire with all 122 HEIs in Taiwan surveyed.The research reveals that the aspects of intellectual property managerial capability, HEI-industry partnerships, and academic entrepreneurial orientation are useful to distinguish the university's innovation performance on patent grants, licensing incomes, and firm incubation. Also, government support on research plays a moderating role in academic innovation. Managerial and policy implications for managing innovation effectively in universities were drawn.     

规范会计理论与实证会计理论哲学比较

规范会计理论以会计假设为逻辑起点,经过严密的逻辑推理形成一套关于会计“应该是什么”的知识体系,实证会计理论人实际会计行为出发,应用“成本－效益”原则建立各种会计模型,规范会计理论的前提缺乏可验证性,只能神为科学“假说”,而实证会计应用科学方法进行个案研究验证,结论往往受到资料的真实性,代表性和选择资料的倾向性影响,即使正确,也难以形成理论体系。     

商务英语广告中模糊性语言积极创意及汉译对策

商务英语广告的语言模糊性处理是一种语言挑战,但这种语言运用及其跨语言转换时的积极歧义层面,也为商务英语广告制作及其汉译提供了创意空间。尤其是在修辞格使用与翻译操作中,更应该有意利用这种语言模糊特性的积极面,以追求生动、形象、动感的艺术效果。本文从模糊性语言理论着手,对商务英语广告的修辞格现象进行了分析和论述,并提出了相应的汉译策略。     

知识资本计量报告浅探

知识资本管理的前提是对知识资本进行计量报告,从而为知识资本管理提供赖以决策的信息。企业知识资本计量报告已经成为目前国内外理论界研究的一个热点领域。本文首先从知识资本特征出发,提出应将知识资本放在现行的财务会计报告框架外单独地予以计量报告,然后对现存的知识资本计量报告模型进行了分析评价,最后初步提出完善的知识资本计量报告框架的构建思路。     

我国农产品物流落后原因初探

在我国，农产品物流很少有人关注，但是，由于农产品的物流落后使我国农产品的损失却大得惊人。这不仅极大地影响了农民收入水平的提高，还严重削弱了我国农产品的国际竞争力。本文对我国农产品物流落后的原因进行了全面、深入的探讨。     

基于层次聚类推理的在线品牌诊断研究及其服装系统实现

本文从服装品牌在线评估与诊断的实际需要出发,研究了面向服装品牌的在线诊断评价体系,给出了在线品牌诊断模型,提出案例推理与规则推理相结合的一种层次聚类推理方法,并根据品牌诊断流程和映射算法设计了品牌诊断推理机制,给出了一个服装在线品牌诊断系统的实现。     

物流市场供需的动态弹性分析

运用系统动力学的思想,通过对物流市场特点的分析,借助于动态弹性分析手段建立了物流市场供需的动态弹性模型。根据模型的结果模拟出了物流市场的供需趋势图,并借助于一个实例进行了具体运用,较准确的预测出物流市场的供需趋势,为决策提供了很好的支持。     

Assessing French nursing home efficiency: An indirect approach via budget-constrained DEA models

In this paper, data envelopment analysis (DEA) techniques are applied to the French nursing home industry in order to address two policy issues. The first involves nursing home size and returns to scale, while the second deals with the potential effects of a change in nursing home reimbursement from a flat rate to one based on the severity of case-mix. To accomplish this, our analysis expands on the existing nursing home literature to analyze technical and allocative efficiency along with budget-constrained models rather than the more common direct input-based distance function. Technical efficiency is evaluated via an indirect output distance function while allocative output efficiency is computed with a cost indirect revenue function. The findings suggest that system-wide efficiency and equity may result from coming reforms since payments would more accurately reflect resource use.     

集装箱码头港区作业及道路系统的仿真和应用

本文运用EM—plant仿真软件对港区作业及道路系统进行仿真，以重庆寸滩港集装箱码头为工程实例进行建模。得到一系列重要的性能参数，为港区设计方案的选取起到一定的指导作用。