“Modeling the impact of wars and terrorism on tourism demand in Kurdistan region of Iraq”

Portuguese Economic Journal - Recent political instabilities in the Middle East have led to strong negative impacts on the tourism sector. The aim of this study is to investigate the extent and the...     

Asymmetric government expenditure: a comparison of advanced and developing countries

This paper studies the responsiveness of government expenditures to business cycles and introduces an index of asymmetric government expenditures using panel data for advanced and developing countries during the period 1981–2014. The empirical findings show that government expenditures tend to be procyclical in developing countries but acyclical in advanced economies. In addition, it is found that government expenditures respond in a countercyclical manner during bad times in advanced countries, but in a strongly procyclical manner during good times in developing countries. The index of asymmetric government expenditures for developing countries tends to be higher than that of the advanced countries.     

Volatility Spillover Effects in Interregional Equity Markets: Empirical Evidence from Brazil and Turkey

We investigate volatility spillovers between two stock markets: Turkey and Brazil. Using a misspecification-robust causality-in-variance test, we find evidence supporting volatility spillovers from the São Paulo Stock Exchange to the Istanbul Stock Exchange. Moreover, the results imply that financial crises may change the nature of volatility spillovers between the two markets by adding an additional channel of volatility transmission from Turkey to Brazil.     

国际货币体系改革的集体行动与二十国集团的作用

作为一种重要的国际公共产品,国际货币体系的改革是典型的集体行动。从历史的角度看,国际货币体系改革的集体行动可以分为"霸权空位型"、"霸权主导型"以及"霸权参与型"三类,影响其成败的主要因素包括霸权状态、共同利益诉求、集体行动的约束力以及对国际货币体系的判断。鉴于在今后相当长时期内,现行"美元体制"的可持续性以及未来世界经济形势的不确定性,国际货币体系改革的集体行动应该更加注重设立短期而非长期性的目标,其短期目标应该是"控制失衡"和"抑制美元风险"。目前,二十国集团(G20)机制已成为推进国际货币体系改革的重要平台,以其推动现行国际货币体系的改革既有艰巨性,亦有可行性。共同利益基础是G20推进现行国际货币体系改革的主要立足点,坚持集体行动原则、通过制度化建设增强决策执行力、强化国际经济政策协调是G20机制充分发挥作用的重要途径。中国应避免单独直接面对或挑战美国的核心利益,而是应更多地利用G20这个重要平台实现自身的利益诉求,增强自身在推动国际货币体系改革进程中的地位与影响力。     

经济地理、政治版图与不对称相互依赖的权力效用——以俄罗斯阻止乌克兰加入北约为例

国际政治现实中存在着有趣的不对称经济相互依赖未能产生有效权力的情形,不对称依赖较小的一方不能凭借其在经济相互依赖中的有利地位,通过使用经济手段,将经济影响力转化为政治影响力,进而对依赖较大的一方形成权力,从而实现自身的外交目标。在对相关文献进行述评的基础上,作者构建了一个经济地理和政治版图的新解释框架以解释该现象。在引入经济地理和政治版图的基本框架之后,提出依赖较大国内部经济地理和政治版图的错位或者契合是影响不对称相互依赖能否在短期内发挥权力效用的关键因素。在两者错位的情况下,权力难以顺利实现;在两者契合的状况下,权力容易实现。同时,作者选取并详细剖析了2004年以来俄罗斯借助经济不对称依赖中的优势地位阻止乌克兰加入北约这一案例,以论证这一核心观点。     

Nonlinearity and structural stability in the Phillips curve: Evidence from Turkey

In this paper, we investigate possible nonlinearities in the inflation–output relationship in Turkey for the 1980–2008 period. We first estimate a linear bivariate model for the inflation rate and output gap, and test for linearity of the estimated model against nonlinear alternatives. Linearity test results suggest that the relationship between the inflation rate and output gap is highly nonlinear. We estimate a bivariate time-varying smooth transition regression model, and compute dynamic effects of one variable on the other by generalized impulse response functions. Computed impulse response functions indicate that inflation–output relationship in Turkey during the analyzed period was regime dependent and varied considerably across time.     

提高体育器械在幼儿活动中的使用率

<正>化工街幼儿园成立于1986年,是兰州石化幼教中心下属单位,为甘肃省一类幼儿园,兰州市市级示范幼儿园。幼儿园极为重视QC活动对幼儿园教育教学起到的作用。QC小组曾于2004年获甘肃省QC成果发表一等奖,"全国优秀QC小组"称号,2009年QC成果获全国杯发表赛二等奖。