Endogenous fluctuations in unionized economies with productive externalities

Summary. We discuss the effects of unions on steady-state multiplicity and welfare, and on the existence of endogenous fluctuations. We consider an OG economy with productive capital externalities and we focus on underemployment equilibria. We find that for wide regions in the parameter space, including an arbitrarily small degree of externalities and a Cobb-Douglas technology, unions increase steady state employment and welfare, and local indeterminacy (sunspots) emerges. Moreover with a CES technology multiplicity of steady states is only possible in the presence of unions. Our results also show that the role of unions in shaping local dynamics and bifurcations depends on technology (externalities and factors substitutability).Received: 16 January 2002, Revised: 18 March 2004, JEL Classification Numbers: E32, J51, D60, D62. Correspondence to: Leonor ModestoThis paper is a much revised version of our former working paper Unions, Increasing Returns and Endogenous Fluctuations. Financial support from Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia under the POCTI, is gratefuly acknowledged.     

The impact of product diversification strategy on the corporate performance of large Spanish firms

We analyze the impact of product diversification on performance. This topic has been discussed in the literature, and there is no consensus so far as to the significance or the direction of the impact. Performance is measured using Tobin's q for a sample of 103 large, non-financial Spanish firms (1992–1995). Diversification is measured by means of a categorical variable, as suggested by Varadarajan. The principal results indicate that the firms with intermediate levels of product diversification have the highest performance, while the firms with low and high levels of diversification show significantly lower performance, which performance is not significantly different between them.     

On some criteria for the formulation and testing of economic growth models

This paper presents a methodology for the formulation and testing of economic growth models. The model selected includes two production sectors with physical and human capital accumulation. These capital stocks are associated with spillover effects in the production of the physical good and in the accumulation of both factors.     

我国体验式旅游开发初探

文章从体验式旅游内涵出发,研究分析了我国体验式旅游开发的现状及环境。指出现阶段我国体验式旅游开发仍处于增加体验环节和体验要素的初级阶段。其开发应分两步走:首先从提供旅游(服务)产品转向提供体验型旅游产品(体验旅游开发的初级阶段);再则从提供体验型旅游产品到提供旅游体验(体验旅游开发的成熟阶段)。目前,国内应重点开发体验型旅游产品。     

再论经营城市

市场经济条件下,经营城市是解决中国城市问题的现实选择之一。文章从城市规划、城市文化、产业、品牌等方面简要论述了经营城市的一些新的方法和对策。     

客户价值的评估方法

关系营销关注的是客户保留,企业要与顾客保持良好的客户关系。作为以赢利为目的的组织,企业很显然应把主要精力放在维护能给企业带来最大利益的客户关系上。本文介绍了几种评价客户关系价值的方法,并讨论了它们各自的缺陷,提出反映客户关系风险水平的经济价值评估法是对客户关系价值的更好的评价方法;同时指出,即使是经济价值评估法也有缺陷,客户关系的总价值应包括经济价值和很难用经济指标衡量的关系利益。最后提出了管理客户关系以最大化客户关系价值的几点建议。     

自然保护地自然资源资产产权制度现状辨析

“建立以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系”是党的十九大所提出的国家公园体制建设的新方向。实现自然保护地的有效保护管理是其重要内容，关键在于通过改革形成科学、合理的自然资源资产产权制度，而厘清自然资源资产产权制度的现状则是进行改革的前提。首先，对现行法律进行系统梳理，明确法律所认定的自然保护地中的自然资源类型。其次，从自然资源的产权种类及所有权改变、用益物权流转三方面总结了自然保护地自然资源资产的产权制度现状。再者，从各类自然保护地申报设立的条件和环保督查中反映出来的问题两方面入手分析了自然保护地的自然资源保护管理现状，从国家公园体制试点采取的措施出发分析了目前的改革探索，并提炼出自然保护地自然资源资产产权制度存在的四大问题，即自然资源资产产权的界定和要求较局限、自然资源所有权行使人虚位、公权与私权的利益协调机制不健全、改革探索中物权途径面临制度障碍。最后，从自然资源资产产权制度设计的角度提出了改革的4个方向。     

企业社会责任与财务绩效相关性研究

近年来社会责任问题受到了社会的普遍关注,本文通过对利益相关者理论演进过程的分析,提出了利益相关者模型。在此基础上,选用内部和外部主要利益相关者的财务数据,分等级评分衡量企业社会责任绩效表现,并选用盈利能力和成长能力指标衡量财务绩效进行实证研究,证明了企业社会责任和财务绩效存在正相关关系。     

论实业投资与虚拟投资的关系

企业投资按照性态可划分为实业投资和虚拟投资,二者对企业经济发展能够起到“双轨驱动”效应。为了有效发挥实业投资和虚拟投资对提高企业绩效的作用,笔者以实业投资和虚拟投资的内涵为研究的基点,对实业投资与虚拟投资的统一性、背离性关系进行了深入探讨,并提出了协调实业投资与虚拟投资关系的有效措施。