美国低成本航空公司经营战略研究

以美国西南航空公司为例,通过分析其竞争战略、价值链系统和经营决策要素,说明低成本航空公司经营成功的经验。以此为借鉴,对中国发展低成本航空公司的不利条件进行分析,指出应通过实行市场化和引入民营资本等措施发展中国的低成本航空市场,以增强行业的整体竞争力。     

我国供应链管理中存在的问题及其解决措施

供应链管理与传统的物料控制及储运管理有很大的不同：１、将供应链看成一个整体，而不是将供应链看成是由采购、制造、分销、与销售等到构成的一些分离的功能块；２、要求并最终依靠对整个供应链进行战略决策，“供应”是整个供应链上各个功能部门的共同目标，坚持这一点具有战略意义，因为它对整个供应链的成本及供应链的市场份额有重大影响；３、供应链管理对库存有不同的看法，从供应链角度来看，库存不一定是必需的它只是起平衡作用的最后的工具；４、供应链管理要求采用系统的、集成化的管理方法来统筹整个供应链的各个功能。一、供应…     

Moral Hazard,portfolio allocation,and asset returns for thrift institutions

This article examines the earnings performance of nontraditional assets allowed to thrifts since the early 1980s. It uses the statistical cost accounting methodology developed by Hester and Zoellner to estimate average returns on thrift portfolio investments for the years ending June 30, 1987 and June 30, 1988. Results show that average returns on land loans, service corporation investment, real estate investment, and commercial loans were significantly lower than returns on more traditional assets. The results are far more pronounced at capital deficient institutions, lending support to the hypothesis that they used nontraditional investments as a means of exploiting the deposit insurance system. Returns on nontraditional assets are significantly affected by geographic factors, even for well capitalized institutions. The article concludes with an evaluation of the reimposition of portfolio restrictions on thrifts by the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989.The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views or opinions of the Federal Housing Finance Board, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, or the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. George Benston, Tom Fomby, Allen Berger, John Wolken, and anonymous referees made numerous constructive suggestions.     

HOUSEHOLD AND ENTERPRISE SAVING AND CAPITAL FORMATION IN THE UNITED STATES: A MARKET TRANSACTIONS VIEW

Contrary to conventional macro theory, it is not the consumption function in terms of either the permanent income or the life-cycle theory of saving that has furnished the saving for enterprise capital formation in the United States. Household sector accounts indicate that household gross saving, correctly measured, did not exceed household gross capital formation in the United States over the period since 1947. Furthermore, historical data on enterprise saving and capital formation in the United States, and cross-section tax return data of U.S. corporations indicate that the gross saving for many enterprise sectors has been equal to or greater than their gross capital formation. There are exceptions, however: these same sources indicate that public utilities have borrowed substantially to finance their capital formation. Finally, it is argued that employer pension and insurance reserves held by financial institutions for future benefit payments represent retained income of a nature similar to undistributed profits, and that these constitute a source of saving in the economy.     

Research notes and communications corporate restructuring and strategic change: The effect on diversification strategy and R & D intensity

In the 1980s a number of large corporations restructured their diversified businesses through divestitures. It is hypothesized that restructuring activity focused on firms at intermediate levels of diversification (e.g., related-linked) which have a mixture of related and unrelated business units. Results confirm this hypothesis which explains that such mixed corporate strategies create organizational and control inefficiencies in managing both related and unrelated types of business units. Restructured firms were also found to move towards two types of different internal capital markets (related and unrelated). Most restructuring firms moved toward lower levels of diversification (e.g., related-constrained), although some moved toward higher levels of diversification (e.g., unrelated business). Also, this study finds restructuring firms that changed their corporate strategy by reducing diversified scope increased their R&D intensity. Firms that restructured and increased their diversified scope decreased R&D intensity. This result suggested a partial substitution between diversification and R&D activity.     

论中国旅游可持续发展战略选择与生态旅游的实施

文章阐述了我国实施旅游可持续发展战略的必然性,指出生态旅游是实现我国旅游可持续发展战略目标的必然形式。在分析我国生态旅游发展现状的基础上,提出了若干大力发展生态旅游的应对之策。     

新形势下地方财政监督工作的深化

近年来，地方财经活动中的违法违规现象相当普遍，并逐步呈现出长期性、隐蔽性、普遍性、复杂性的特点。究其原因，市场机制不健全，改革措施不配套，基层人员法制意识淡薄、素质低，检查不深，执法不严，打击不重，监管机制软化等均在其列。因此，必须针对其原因，从源头抓起，强化地方财政监管检查力度，深化财政改革，健全财政职能。     

企业人力资源开发管理中的领导心理研究

企业只有提高领导者的心理素质，用科学的领导方法，充分利用好企业人力资源，调动广大员工的积极性，以同心为企业文化的动力原点，才能顺利地实现企业的目标。加强对企业领导心理的研究，对于顺利实现组织的目标有着重要的意义。     

关于我国税收收入规模增长的实证分析

本文从税收收入的规模增长的走势入手，通过税收比率这一指标以及影响谈指标变化的因素分析。阐述了经济增长、经济制度和政策、税收能力和税收努力对税收增长产生影响的具体情况，同时也指出，税收弹性系数的过快增长对税制进一步改革和完善提出了新的要求。