全文获取类型
收费全文 | 6730篇 |
免费 | 269篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
专业分类
财政金融 | 1140篇 |
工业经济 | 497篇 |
计划管理 | 1150篇 |
经济学 | 1496篇 |
综合类 | 47篇 |
运输经济 | 91篇 |
旅游经济 | 84篇 |
贸易经济 | 1338篇 |
农业经济 | 221篇 |
经济概况 | 904篇 |
信息产业经济 | 1篇 |
邮电经济 | 32篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 56篇 |
2022年 | 40篇 |
2021年 | 78篇 |
2020年 | 140篇 |
2019年 | 208篇 |
2018年 | 236篇 |
2017年 | 288篇 |
2016年 | 285篇 |
2015年 | 174篇 |
2014年 | 262篇 |
2013年 | 748篇 |
2012年 | 347篇 |
2011年 | 335篇 |
2010年 | 255篇 |
2009年 | 298篇 |
2008年 | 235篇 |
2007年 | 210篇 |
2006年 | 190篇 |
2005年 | 228篇 |
2004年 | 205篇 |
2003年 | 166篇 |
2002年 | 122篇 |
2001年 | 140篇 |
2000年 | 113篇 |
1999年 | 106篇 |
1998年 | 87篇 |
1997年 | 88篇 |
1996年 | 75篇 |
1995年 | 66篇 |
1994年 | 69篇 |
1993年 | 49篇 |
1992年 | 50篇 |
1991年 | 56篇 |
1990年 | 47篇 |
1989年 | 36篇 |
1988年 | 41篇 |
1987年 | 38篇 |
1986年 | 43篇 |
1985年 | 39篇 |
1984年 | 44篇 |
1983年 | 37篇 |
1982年 | 43篇 |
1981年 | 37篇 |
1980年 | 41篇 |
1979年 | 28篇 |
1978年 | 42篇 |
1977年 | 35篇 |
1976年 | 32篇 |
1975年 | 25篇 |
1973年 | 22篇 |
排序方式: 共有7001条查询结果,搜索用时 17 毫秒
91.
This paper develops a contractarian theory of the state and the existence of redistribution. The existence of rules of redistribution is explained without any recourse to the risk-aversion of agents. No veil of ignorance is needed. This avoids obligational problems inherent in most other contractarian theories of justice. Hence, this paper departs from the standard legitimization of redistribution as fundamental insurance and interprets it as stemming from a principle of reciprocity in trade. Since this paper deals with an anarchic society, the implementation of redistributional rules is constrained by the assumption of self-enforcement. We show that this assumption changes the interpretation of the state: the state is characterized by a particular design of equilibrium strategies, not by the existence of enforcement agencies. 相似文献
92.
This article investigates the role of taxation when public goods are privately provided. Externalities between consumers via the public good are shown to cause kinks in social indifference curves. As a result, a government restricted to income taxation should engineer enough inequality to ensure there are some non-contributors to the public good. Whether commodity taxation changes this conclusion depends on the extent to which consumers "see through" the government budget constraint. If they can, inequality should still be sought. When they cannot, in contrast to the case of an economy with only private goods, commodity taxation can be used in conjunction with income transfers to achieve the first-best. 相似文献
93.
Arne Martin Torgersen Finn R. Førsund Sverre A. C. Kittelsen 《Journal of Productivity Analysis》1996,7(4):379-398
In non-parametric methods many units are calculated as efficient. The article suggests a method for ranking efficient units, not by their efficiency, but by importance as benchmarks for the inefficient units, in contrast to earlier suggestions in the literature which rank units high if they are specialized. However, the total potentials for improvement frequently remain unrevealed by calculating radial efficiency measures of the Farrell type only. The article therefore first develops efficiency measures that explicitly extend the radial measures to include slacks. The new measures are applied to a typical multidimensional small-sample data set for Norwegian employment offices. 相似文献
94.
Technology-forcing through environmental regulation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Andries Nentjes Frans P. de Vries Doede Wiersma 《European Journal of Political Economy》2007,23(4):903-916
This paper analyzes the demand characteristics of innovation in pollution abatement and the interaction between a regulator and a polluter under a technology-forcing policy. Important demand-driven determinants of innovation in pollution control are examined, such as uncertainties surrounding unexplored technologies, the length of the compliance period and the maximum abatement costs the regulator is willing to accept. We derive the formal condition that the regulator balances the marginal utility of emissions reduction against the marginal disutilities of a longer compliance time and the increased uncertainty about the feasibility of a more stringent standard. 相似文献
95.
In this paper I analyze the impact of regulatory policy on prices and demand for mobile telecommunications services across the European Union. I estimate a reduced form model of the mobile industry using panel data for the EU countries from 1998 to 2002. Among others, I find the following effects: liberalization of fixed telephone lines has a negative impact on prices and a positive impact on the demand for mobile services, and the introduction of mobile number portability has a negative impact on prices.*I am grateful to Toker Doganoglu, Gerd Hansen, Eric Kodjo Ralph, Guido Friebel, participants at the 30th EARIE Conference 2003, the 2nd International Industrial Organization Conference 2004 and the 19th Annual Congress of the EEA 2004, and anonymous referees for valuable comments. I would like to acknowledge the generous financial support from the Volkswagen Stiftung and the Munich Graduate School of Economics which made this research possible. All errors are mine.1 Source: European Commission (1994). 相似文献
96.
97.
We consider a wide class of repeated common interest games perturbed with one-sided incomplete information: one player (the informed player) might be a commitment type playing the Pareto dominant action. As discounting, which is assumed to be symmetric, and the prior probability of the commitment type go to zero, it is shown that the informed player can be held close to her minmax payoff even when perfection is imposed on the equilibrium.Journal of Economic LiteratureClassification Numbers: C73, D83. 相似文献
98.
Geoffroy de Clippel 《Journal of Economic Theory》2007,135(1):144-158
The type-agent core is a new solution concept for exchange economies with asymmetric information. It coincides with the set of subgame-perfect equilibrium outcomes of a simple competitive screening game. Uninformed intermediaries help the agents to cooperate in an attempt to make some profit. The paper extends the work of Perez-Castrillo [Cooperative outcomes through non-cooperative games, Games Econ. Behav. 7 (1994) 428-440] to exchange economies with non-transferable utility and asymmetric information. The type-agent core is a subset of Wilson's coarse core [Wilson, Information, efficiency, and the core of an economy, Econometrica 46 (1978) 807-816]. It is never empty, even though it may be a strict subset of Wilson's fine core. In addition, it converges towards the set of constrained market equilibria as the economy is replicated. 相似文献
99.
Martin F. Hellwig 《Journal of Economic Theory》2005,120(1):1-38
The paper studies insurance with moral hazard in a system of contingent-claims markets. Insurance buyers are modelled as Cournot monopolists or oligopolists. The other agents condition their expectations on market prices, as in models of rational-expectations equilibrium with asymmetric information. Thereby they correctly anticipate accident probabilities corresponding to effort incentives induced by insurance buyers’ net trades. When there are many agents to share the insurance buyers’ risks, Cournot equilibrium outcomes are close to being second-best. In contrast, if insurance buyers are price takers, equilibria fail to exist or are bounded away from being second-best. 相似文献
100.
This paper analyzes the effects of trade liberalization of tariff‐rate quotas under import “state trading enterprises” (STEs) in agriculture. An analytical framework is provided to determine the importance of which instrument is binding under competition (the in‐quota or out‐of‐quota tariff or the quota) and under the initial STE equilibrium. It also depends on whether or not the STE controls both the domestic market prices and owns/controls the import quota (and whether it is obligated to fill the quota or not). An empirical example of the rice STE in South Korea has simulations showing that an increase in imports can be achieved through a moderate expansion of the quota or a decrease in the out‐of‐quota tariff to the level where it becomes binding. However, a significant level of quota expansion induces the STE to switch to the autarky solution and social welfare declines. 相似文献