另一只"看不见的手"——埃莉诺·奥斯特罗姆与"多中心"理论

在"多中心"理论之前,社会上主要存在市场秩序和国家主权秩序.多中心的产生源于集体行动理论的局限性,它颠覆了公共财产只有交由中央权威机构管理或完全私有化后才能有效管理的传统观念.本文对当代公共选择学派和公共经济学的代表人物埃莉诺·奥斯特罗姆的"多中心"理论做了解读,并从奥斯特罗姆个人学术研究经历出发,追溯多中心思想形成的全过程,最后就"多中心"理论的重要意义与发展方向做了展望.     

The synchronization club: classification of global economic groups by inequality

We find that, from 1970 to 2006, the GDPs of 181 countries are described by a log-normal with a power law tail before 1992, but by a kinked power law distribution after 1992. In the 15 years from 1992 to 2006, there are two obvious scale-free zones for annual GDPs, ranked from the largest to smallest. If the countries in each scaling region are regarded as a group, the world is divided into two groups, each with a roughly stable number of members. The power exponents of the two groups are different and hence lead to different inequalities. Therefore, the basis for classification is the macro-consistent inequality within each group. The wealth grows in a synchronous nonlinear manner within groups that have a stable wealth distribution and rank structure. If each group is considered as a club, we name it a ‘synchronization club’.     

Regional differences in a national culture and their effects on leadership effectiveness: A tale of two neighboring Chinese cities

We argue that regional differences in a large culture influence leadership effectiveness. Studying the differences and their consequences on leader–member exchange (LMX) and the employee performances in two neighboring Chinese cities, our empirical results show significant differences between group supervisors in Hong Kong and those in Shenzhen. Hong Kong supervisors apply the LMX technique more aggressively, and also more successfully than their Shenzhen counterparts in terms of improving employee performance and reducing turnover.     

Effective communication styles for the customer-oriented service employee: Inducing dedicational behaviors in luxury restaurant patrons

The goals of this study were (1) to identify the optimal facets of communication style for customer-oriented service employees and (2) to examine the ways in which the customer-oriented service employee (COSE) induces luxury restaurant patrons’ dedicational behaviors. Customer dedicational behaviors are defined as ‘a set of active and positive customer voluntary behaviors towards a business induced by high relationship quality’. Based on the existing body of communication literature, nine types of communication styles were derived. Theoretical relationships between the nine communication styles and the COSE also were developed via literature review, and causal relationships between the COSE and three different types of consumer dedicational behavior styles were subsequently suggested. By integrating the derived theoretical hypotheses, a conceptual model was proposed and then tested utilizing data collected from 527 luxury restaurant patrons. The results of data analysis revealed that five types of communication styles (attentive, friendly, impression leaving, open, and relaxed) bear a positive impact on COSE, while one communication style (contentious) bears a negative impact. It was also found that the customer-oriented service employee plays a critical role in inducing three types of dedicational behaviors in consumers: enhancement, cooperation, and advocacy. The key theoretical and managerial implications of these findings are discussed in the latter part of this article.     

互助担保基金的创新模式——ESMGF模式、运作机制

中小企业的不断发展,使其对资金的需求也越来越大,仅凭自身积累已远远不能解决问题。然而,由于中小企业自身及金融系统等多方面的原因,融资难的问题日益显现,成为阻碍中小企业发展的主要因素。为解决上述问题,设计了一种以产业集群为单位,由地方政府、协作银行、集群中小企业三方共同出资,共同承担风险,联合再担保机构的互助担保基金创新模式——嵌入再担保的互助担保基金(Embedded Se-curity Mutual Guaranteed Fund,ESMGF)。     

贸易信用、经济政策不确定性与企业破产风险

文章主要考察了经济政策不确定性加大的背景下,贸易信用在企业破产风险传播和防范中的作用。研究发现,贸易信用在资产端具有显著的风险引致效应,在负债端具有显著的风险化解效应,当经济政策不确定性上升时,企业通过主动调整贸易信用融出和贸易信用净额冲抵了部分不利影响。分类研究表明,贸易信用融出显著提高了外部融资依赖低企业的破产风险,贸易信用融入显著降低了外部融资依赖高企业的破产风险,经济政策不确定性则在一定程度上弱化了这些作用。贸易信用融出和贸易信用净额均显著提高了ST类企业的破产风险,同时经济政策不确定性显著强化了这一作用,这显著区别于非ST类企业。内生性检验及多种稳健性检验均显示研究结论是稳健的。     

全球经济滞胀风险成因及前景

当前全球通胀压力不断加大,从欧盟的情况来看,由于减碳力度加大,碳价及能源价格暴涨正在推动电价飙升,多国PPI突破10%,创近30年之最;从美国情况来看,政策刺激力度超过次贷危机,短期内需求扩张推升了通胀;从生产要素看,疫情下的供应链中断叠加油气价格暴涨,各国都面临要素成本上升的问题;从不可控因素看,极端天气变化导致全球食品价格大幅上涨。在通胀压力与日俱增的同时,全球经济在短暂修复后出现放缓的趋势,呈现出滞胀的特征。为了避免经济滞胀向中长期演化,需要加强国际政策合作。     

论我国物流业发展所面临的机遇与挑战

长期以来,我国一直是重生产、轻流通,对物流业的发展缺乏足够的重视,致使物流业的发展严重滞后于社会经济的发展。目前,物流发展与管理对促进社会经济的发展和提高经济效益的重要性已日益被各级政府和企业所意识到。现代信息技术和物流技术的进步也为我国推行现代物流业的发展和物流的科学管理准备了充分的条件。     

高职院校国际贸易专业课程思政问题及建设路径研究——基于湖南省高职院校国际贸易专业课程思政现状的调研分析

为探讨高校思想政治教育新模式,不断推进高职国际贸易专业课程思政建设,运用问卷调查法针对湖南省高职院校国际贸易专业"课程思政"实施现状进行调查分析,结合调查结果从强化"课程思政"价值理念、提高教师队伍素质、完善课程思政考评方案几个重要环节,提出专业课程思政建设的实践路径,帮助学生树立正确的价值观、人生观、端正学习态度。