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611.
Larry E. Jones Rodolfo E. Manuelli Henry E. Siu Ennio Stacchetti 《Review of Economic Dynamics》2005,8(4):646
Is there a trade-off between fluctuations and growth? The empirical evidence is mixed, with some studies finding a positive relationship, while others find a negative one. Our objectives are to understand how fundamental uncertainty affects the long run growth rate and to identify important factors determining this relationship in a convex endogenous growth model. Qualitatively, we show that the relationship between volatility in fundamentals (or policies) and mean growth can be either positive or negative. The curvature of the utility function is a key parameter that determines the sign of the relationship. Quantitatively, an increase in uncertainty always increases the growth rate in our calibrated models. Though the changes we find are nontrivial, they are not large enough by themselves to account for the large differences in growth rates observed in the data. We also find that differences in the curvature of preferences have very substantial effects on the estimated variability of stationary objects like the consumption–output ratio and hours worked. For this reason, we expect that the models considered in this paper will provide the basis of sharp estimates of the curvature parameter. 相似文献
612.
The Impact of Ownership Structure On Corporate Debt Policy: a Time-Series Cross-Sectional Analysis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This study examines the influence of agency costs and ownership concentration on the capital structure of the firm. Of particular interest is the composition of equity ownership as a determinant of overall capital structure and the dynamic adjustment of capital structure to changes in the equity ownership. Results indicate that the distribution of equity ownership is important in explaining overall capital structure and that managers do reduce the level of debt as their own wealth is increasingly tied to the firm. It is also noted that the time-series component is important in resolving the conflicting results reported in prior research. 相似文献
613.
614.
Adel Al-Wugayan Larry P Pleshko Samar M Baqer 《Journal of Financial Services Marketing》2008,13(2):95-106
This study investigates the relationships among customer satisfaction, customer loyalty, and market share in nearly 700 users of Kuwaiti bank loan services. The authors show that the expected positive relationships of satisfaction with market share and of satisfaction with loyalty are not supported in this sector of the banking industry. As expected, however, customer loyalty is shown to be related to market share. It appears that, within this product market, loyalty is not derived from customer satisfaction, but rather is based on other factors such as, for example, price, special deals, or bank–customer relationships. Therefore, market share in Kuwaiti loan services is dependent on banks creating and maintaining a large and loyal customer base. 相似文献
616.
This paper develops a three-stage extension of the standard biproportional RAS algorithm-an extension that we label TRAS-to incorporate information in addition to row and column margins. The TRAS algorithm is tested using pseudo-censored input–output tables and is shown to produce more accurate estimates than does the RAS algorithm. 相似文献
617.
Anthony J. Onwuegbuzie Larry G. Daniel Kathleen M. T. Collins 《Quality and Quantity》2009,43(2):197-209
Virtually every institution of higher education in the US uses some type of student teaching evaluation (STE) instrument as
a means of assessing instructors’ instructional performance in courses. Unfortunately, many administrators and faculty misinterpret
STE ratings. Therefore, the present article provides a comprehensive critique of STE instruments. In particular, we build
on Messick’s (Educational Measurement, MacMillan, pp. 13–103, and Messick (Am. Psychol., 50, 741–749, 1995, 1989) conceptualization of validity to yield what we refer to as a meta-validity model that subdivides content-,
criterion-, and construct-related validity into several areas of evidence. We use our meta-validity model to conduct a meta-validity
analysis of STEs. Specifically, we assessed the score-validity of STEs based on findings from the extant literature. We conclude
that strong evidence has been provided with respect to areas of criterion-related validity; however, for the most part, weak
or inadequate evidence has been provided with regard to areas of both content-related and construct-related validity. This
seriously calls into question both the score-validity and utility of STEs. 相似文献
618.
Models of public utility regulation are often framed, alternatively, as rate-of-return or price-cap regulation. In practice,
however, regulators have increasingly adopted a variety of hybrid regulatory constraints that embody elements of both these,
and other, regulatory forms. In this paper, we draw upon elements of both the positive economic theory of regulation and standard
efficiency-based economic analysis of regulation to develop a model that endogenously yields hybrid regulatory constraints
as a regulatory optimum. In this context, the paper further demonstrates that a commonly observed side payment–profit sharing–enhances
regulator welfare. The results provide a plausible basis for understanding the pattern of modern regulatory constraints. 相似文献
619.
The recent accounting scandals have raised concerns regarding the closeness of auditor–client relationships. Critics argue
that as the relationship lengthens a bond develops and auditors’ professional skepticism may be replaced with trust. However,
Statement on Auditing Standards No. 99 states that auditors “should conduct the engagement with a mindset that recognizes
the possibility that a material misstatement due to fraud could be present, regardless of any past experience with the entity
and regardless of the auditor’s belief about management’s honesty and integrity” (AICPA 2002, Statement on Auditing Standards
No. 99, paragraph 13, p. 10). The purpose of this study is to investigate whether auditors develop trust in a client’s management
and whether this trust affects auditors’ decisions. Specifically, this study examines whether auditors’ satisfaction with
a client’s management during a prior audit engagement affects auditors’ self-reported trust in that client’s management and
whether that trust affects their fraud risk assessment. The decision to trust a client’s management should be an ethical decision
because excessive trust may impair auditors’ skepticism, which auditors are required to maintain by their professional responsibilities.
We therefore also investigate whether auditors’ trust is affected by their moral reasoning. An experimental case was completed
by 89 professional auditors, all with experience assessing the risk of fraud. The results suggest auditors’ satisfaction with
the client affects their trust in the client (higher satisfaction associated with higher trust and lower satisfaction associated
with lower trust). Further, after an overall unsatisfying experience, auditors’ trust affects their fraud risk assessments.
However, after an overall satisfying experience, their trust does not affect their fraud risk assessments. The results indicate
auditors are able to maintain their professional skepticism after satisfying past experiences with the client regardless of
their beliefs about the honesty and trustworthiness of the client’s management. Lastly, auditors’ moral reasoning was not
related to their trust in the client’s management. 相似文献
620.
Anusorn Singhapakdi Mahesh Gopinath Janet K. Marta Larry L. Carter 《Journal of Business Ethics》2008,81(4):887-904
Building on an existing framework concerning ethical intention, this research explores how Thai business people perceive the
importance of ethics in various scenarios. This study investigates the relative influences of personal characteristics and
the organizational environment underlying the Thai business people’s ethical perception. Corporate ethical values and idealism
are shown to positively influence a Thai manager’s perceptions about the importance of ethics. While their ability to perceive
the existence of an ethical problem is negatively influenced by relativism, it is positively impacted by their existing perceptions
about the importance of ethics. Results also suggest positive relationships between perceived importance of ethics and perceived
ethical problems with ethical intention. These results extend research in understanding the relationship between the antecedents
and consequences of perceived importance of ethics within an economically growing non-Western culture. 相似文献