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31.
Takanori Ida 《Managerial and Decision Economics》2005,26(8):527-534
The vertical structure of the Internet is considered as having three‐level components: backhyphen‐bone‐level interconnection, mid‐level transit, and local‐level access. This paper considers single and cross mergers between an integrated provider and an entrant in the different area. As a result of these mergers, cross entry, in which both integrated providers merge with the retail entrants in the other areas, is more socially desirable than single entry, in which only one firm merges, which is, in turn, preferred to no entry. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
32.
Takanori Shimizu Yoshifumi Okawa Hisayuki Okamoto 《Review of International Economics》2008,16(1):159-172
This paper studies the effects of labor supply on relative wages in a dynamic North–South model of trade. Lai (1995 )—a generalization of the Grossman and Helpman (1991a,b , ch. 11) models—showed that the relative wage of skilled (unskilled) labor in a region is positively (negatively) related to the supply of skilled (unskilled) labor in that region. These surprising results depend crucially on the specification of the functional form of the Southern imitation activity. We will show that these results (except for the relative wage of unskilled labor in Lai) are reversed in the case where the productivity of imitation depends only on the number of products the North manufactures. 相似文献
33.
This article proposes a method to estimate relative ministerialweights in parliamentary democracies. Specifically, we presenta bargaining model of government formation and estimate structuralparameters of the model using data for (i) who the formateursare, (ii) what each party's voting weight is, and (iii) whatministerial seats each party obtains. We also measure the effectsof voting weights and formateur advantage on bargaining results.We apply our proposed method to the case of Japan. Our estimationresults show that political players value pork-related posts(such as the Minister of Construction) much more than prestigiousones (such as the Minister of Foreign Affairs). We also findthat there is a significant formateur advantage, whereas votingweights do not have a significant scale effect, which is consistentwith the findings for European democracies. 相似文献
34.
We study the price and welfare effects of a merger of firms producing unidirectional complements: a firm is producing a product (called an optional good) that is valuable only if it is consumed with the other product (called a base good) produced by another firm. Under the assumption that there are two types of consumers: (i) those who consume one unit of the base good only or nothing (having zero valuation of the optional good), and (ii) those who consume one unit of the composite good or nothing, we show that a merger of the two firms raises the price of the base good, resulting in lower consumer surplus for the former consumer group, if and only if the average willingness to pay in the latter consumer group is sufficiently low. This result is in sharp contrast to Cournot’s (Researches into the mathematical principles of the theory of wealth, 1838) classical implication that a merger of firms producing strict complements makes all consumers strictly better off. 相似文献
35.
This study examines the gender gap in start-up activities to determine whether it is family status or employment status that is responsible for the observed gender gap. We consider independent entrepreneurship and intrapreneurship as two different start-up modes: While intrapreneurship is conducted within an established organization, independent entrepreneurship is solely an independent activity. This study focuses on this fundamental distinction to identify the parameters of our empirical model. Using nationally representative US data, we find that the effects of being a part-time worker on the likelihood of becoming an independent entrepreneur differ across genders. The obtained results suggest similar findings for intrapreneurship, but in opposite directions. Furthermore, our decomposition results suggest that for both entrepreneurship and intrapreneurship, the gender differences in the employment-related variables are more significant than those in the family-related variables in affecting the observed gender gap negatively (for entrepreneurship) or positively (for intrapreneurship). 相似文献
36.
Environmental and Resource Economics - This paper examines differences in attitudes towards electricity fee plans when information is provided on electricity bills based on past electricity... 相似文献