关于商业银行公司金融业务发展战略的若干问题探讨(上)

调整经济结构已成为我国宏观经济运行的主旋律,在银行间接融资占主导的背景下,产业结构调整又与银行信贷结构调整密不可分.本文讨论了经济结构、产业结构以及由此引起的信贷结构调整,既是商业银行公司金融业务发展的重大机遇,也构成了前所未有的挑战.我国商业银行必须依托经营环境的变化,制定切合实际、满足可持续发展要求的公司金融业务战略.     

中国现代管理理论的时代特征

中国现代管理理论的时代特征是从中国的实际出发,分析和解决中国现代化进程中重大实际问题的客观体现.认识并把握中国现代管理理论的时代特征,有助于对中国现代管理理论进行客观总结与科学探索,同时有助于中国现代管理理论发展的实践性与科学性.     

清洁技术投资的发展研究及启示

在全球气候变迁与节能减碳趋势中,清洁技术投资已成为许多国家维持生态平衡、解决能源短缺的重要手段。以美国、日本、德国为代表的发达国家都制定各种财税、金融支持等政策,投资清洁技术,取得了显著成果,已成为新的重要经济增长点。中国目前正向低碳经济迈进,积极投资清洁技术,加速新技术的商品化,促进产业向低碳化、高附加值转型升级。文章阐述清洁技术的内涵和投资动因,着重分析国际清洁技术投资的市场潜力、发展趋势以及相关政策,借鉴发达国家在清洁技术投资中的经验提出对中国的启示及政策建议。     

财务重述与审计师变更——来自中国上市公司的经验证据

本文以2003--2011年我国主板上市公司为样本,从市场声誉和信号传递的角度,对上市公司财务重述与审计师变更问题予以分析和解答。本文研究结果显示,相比于非财务重述公司而言,财务重述公司更可能变更审计师,且变更概率与重述的严重程度显著正相关,此外,就变更审计师的公司而言,财务重述公司比非重述公司更可能从小所变更为大所或在平级所之间进行变更。在此研究基础上,本文提出相应的政策建议。     

后危机时代广东沿海经济带产业结构升级的路径选择

国际金融危机给广东经济带来诸多负面影响,作为广东省地区生产总值主体的广东沿海经济带,其产业结构升级迫在眉睫。文章剖析了广东沿海经济带的产业发展概况,认为广东沿海经济带产业结构存在东西两翼与珠江三角洲之间的经济差距大、产业结构偏差明显、产业内部结构不合理、现代服务业发展不足和对国际市场依赖程度过高等问题,提出广东沿海经济带产业结构升级应选择以下路径:制定合理的产业政策,优化区域产业结构;协调三次产业结构,提升第二产业发展层次;大力发展第三产业,促进生产性服务业集聚发展和强化自主创新能力,以信息化推动产业结构升级等。     

Stuck in the Middle: Off-Farm Employment and Caregiving Among Middle-Aged Rural Chinese

ABSTRACT

Using the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2011–12 baseline data, this contribution explores to what extent taking care of grandchildren and frail parents influences rural middle-aged Chinese adults’ off-farm employment. The findings show that, conditional on socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, taking care of grandchildren has a negative effect on rural middle-aged men's and women's off-farm job participation and hours worked. Caregiving for parents does not have the same negative effects on off-farm employment and hours worked. Furthermore, the study finds that annual earnings are also negatively affected by caregiving responsibilities, especially for women and men taking care of grandchildren.     

Where can obesity management policy make the largest impact? Evaluating sub-populations through a microsimulation approach

Background: There is a critical need to focus limited resources on sub-groups of patients with obesity where we expect the largest return on investment. This paper identifies patient sub-groups where an investment may result in larger positive economic and health outcomes.

Methods: The baseline population with obesity was derived from a public survey database and divided into sub-populations defined by demographics and disease status. In 2016, a validated model was used to simulate the incidence of diabetes, absenteeism, and direct medical cost in five care settings. Research findings were derived from the difference in population outcomes with and without weight loss over 15 years. Modeled weight loss scenarios included initial 5% or 12% reduction in body mass index followed by a gradual weight regain. Additional simulations were conducted to show alternative outcomes from different time courses and maintenance scenarios.

Results: Univariate analyses showed that age 45–64, pre-diabetes, female, or obesity class III are independently predictive of larger savings. After considering the correlation between these factors, multivariate analyses projected young females with obesity class I as the optimal sub-group to control obesity-related medical expenditures. In contrast, the population aged 20–35 with obesity class III will yield the best health outcomes. Also, the sub-group aged 45–54 with obesity class I will produce the biggest productivity improvement. Each additional year of weight loss maintained showed increased financial benefits.

Conclusions: This paper studied the heterogeneity between many sub-populations affected by obesity and recommended different priorities for decision-makers in economic, productivity, and health realms.     

Parallel visualization of seismic wave propagation

Today parallel visualization of massive datasets from observation and numerical simulation of seismic waves is one of the major goals of geoscience community. A majority of these datasets are time-varying volume data (TVVD), also known as 4D field data. The difficulty of visualizing them on distributed parallel system mainly lies in the algorithm designing for distributed preprocessing of raw datasets, hierarchical point-to-point or collective communication implementation based on distributed data allocation, synchronous volume rendering techniques. In this work we present viable solutions for preprocessing of raw data sets, novel algorithms of parallel rendering and display matrix. Our main objective is focused on the parallel visualization of results coming from full 4D seismic wave propagation simulations.     

风险投资参与对中资企业首次公开发行折价的影响——不同证券市场的比较

本文考察中资企业在不同市场上市时风险投资的参与是否影响首次公开发行折价。研究发现,在大陆中小板和香港主板市场上市的中资企业中,有风险投资参与的企业IPO折价显著高于无风险投资参与的企业,支持声誉效应假说,即风险投资机构以IPO折价来提早退出投资项目,以此来建立自己的声誉,吸引更多的资金流入。在美国市场风险投资的参与对IPO折价则没有显著影响。本文进一步研究发现从业时间短的风险投资机构,其参与投资的公司上市时的历史也较短;风险投资进入企业的时间越长,IPO折价水平也越高。这两个检验都验证了风险投资机构通过IPO折价提早退出投资项目,进一步支持了声誉效应假说。     

人们关注的是分配动机还是分配结果?——最后通牒实验视角下两种公平观的考察

本文通过设计一组最后通牒实验考察了分配动机的公平和分配结果的公平对人的行为决策的影响,并分别从浙江和北京两地获取了相关实验数据。采用角色随机分配的简化最后通牒实验,通过提议者不同可选分配方案向响应者发送的信号,考察对提议者的"动机是否公平"从而响应者是否有相应的不同拒绝率。实验结果表明,响应者对提议者"分配动机的公平"有显著不同的反应,说明基于动机的互惠偏好确实在人们的行为决策中扮演重要角色。同时本文通过一组修正型的最后通牒实验从分配结果公平的角度考察了其影响机制,发现分别在保证博弈实验中38%的被试拒绝行为,以及免惩罚博弈中89%的被试拒绝行为,不能被差异厌恶偏好理论进行解释。本文实验的结果在于说明分配动机的公平比分配结果的公平更会影响人们的决策行为,其暗含的政策含义即分配过程的公平比分配结果的公平更为重要。