The Business Cycle

A bstract . Conventional macroeconomics lacks a warranted explanation of the major business cycle, while the Austrian and geo-economic Georgist) schools have incomplete theories. A geo-Austrian synthesis, in contrast, provides a potent theory consistent with historical cycles and with explanations about the root causes. The geo-economic and Austrian schools have had little interaction in the past, despite many similarities (Yeager, 1954 and 1984). Though the theories of the schools are largely complementary, each providing content the other lacks, so far a synthesis has not been forthcoming; although some geo-economists have incorporated elements of Austrian capital theory (e.g., Gaffney, 1994).     

PLANNING BY FREEHOLD

Government planning of urban development is inefficient as it is controlled by political processes rather than conducted on behalf of the people it is intended to benefit. Certain forms of property rights such as divisions of freehold and leasehold can, and in practice do, lead to much more effective use of resources and provision of shared services as the owners of the freehold have an incentive to maximise site values and rents.     

The changing consumer in the Netherlands : Recent changes in environmental variables and their consequences for future consumption and marketing

Changes in many environmental (exogenous) factors during the eighties and early nineties affect marketing management and consumer behaviour in the Netherlands. Some of these factors relate to the effects of the economic recessions in the early eighties and the early nineties. Other factors are autonomous trends in a number of economic, demographic, and cultural factors. These factors determine a “macro marketing mix” for marketing management decisions of companies. In this article, we discuss the changing consumer environment and its impact on production and retailing of consumer goods and services in the Netherlands for the last decade of this century. This information on the Netherlands, as well as on the other nations of the European Community, is relevant for marketers operating in, or considering entering, the Dutch market. For governmental decision makers and scientists this information on future consumption and marketing is relevant for their policy and research.     

Orbital mechanics of south korea's technological development: an examination of the 'gravitational' pushes and pulls

This paper highlights some of the critical challenges faced by Korea, more specifically the Korean government and industry, as it strives to find a stable and secure place in the evolving international division of labour. Changes in two specific areas are discussed: the international technology market-palce and Korea' technology relationships with a number of key economies.     

American political values and agency theory: A perspective

This paper explores the historical American political values which have shaped modern financial theory and agency theory. Financial agency theory's intellectual roots are shown to be located in the liberal tradition which espouses the instrumental nature of property and property rights. The paper also argues that financial theorists should recognize that, historically, economic efficiency was not a value or end in itself but merely a means by which more fundamental social goals might be achieved. Fred R. Kaen is a Professor of Finance at the University of New Hampshire. He has written many articles about financial markets and international financial management. His work has appeared in The American Economic Review, The Journal of Finance and The Journal of Money Credit and Banking. He will be spending next year at the Norwegian School of Economics and Business as a Visiting Professor of Finance. Allen Kaufman is an Assistant Professor of Business Administration at the University of New Hampshire. He has written a number of books including Capitalism, Slavery and Republican Values and his work has been published in the California Management Review, the Journal of Political and Military Sociology, and Business Horizons.Larry Zacharias is an Associate Professor of Management at the University of Massachusetts. He holds a law degree and has written many articles about corporate law and anti trust.     

The erosion of the unusual susceptibility defense: The case of the disadvantaged consumer

Marketing practitioners and academics have exhibited an increased concern for the problems of disadvantaged consumers in recent years. During the same time period, the product liability field has become increasingly volatile. In this article the overlap between these two seemingly independent trends is presented via hypothetical case examples. A decision process to guide marketers who potentially deal with disadvantaged market segments is outlined and discussed. The implications of these developments are also described in detail.