中小企业财务管理创新之我见

面对经济全球化和中国加入世贸的新形势 ,中小企业财务管理创新滞后 ,已经严重影响了中小企业的快速、健康发展。本文阐述了中小企业财务管理方面存在的问题 ,剖析了这些问题产生的原因并在此基础上有针对性地提出了解决相应问题的对策。     

入世三年来我国农产品贸易发展态势分析

加入世界贸易组织三年来，我国全面履行了农产品国际贸易方面的入世承诺，农产品的进出口都得到了迅速的发展，取得了良好的成绩。通过分析入世以来我国农产品贸易的发展状况、面临的问题和发展趋势，提出未来我国农产品贸易发展的应对策略，以利于我国经济更加健康地融入世界经济。     

财政分权与义务教育财政管理体制问题探析

我国是成功实施财政分权化的国家之一。作为公共财政框架部分之一的义务教育也实行了分权化管理,义务教育办学的责任主要地落在了县、乡两级地方政府身上。而我国庞大的义务教育事业由县、乡甚至村脆弱的财力来承担,可谓“杯水车薪”：一些农村地区和贫困山区学龄儿童无学可上,无书可读等现象屡见不鲜。可见过度分权化的义务教育财政管理体制是制约当今中国义务教育发展的症结所在。     

区域产业结构与就业结构的比较及启示——基于重庆市万州区和涪陵区的分析

产业结构和就业结构的变化反映出区域经济发展的资源分配结构及其发展进程和水平.分析发现,万州区与涪陵区在产业结构上都存在第一产业所占比重与其吸纳劳动力的比重不一致的现象,其中,涪陵区第二产业比重较大但吸纳劳动力能力较弱,而万州区第三产业吸纳劳动力能力要弱于涪陵区.两地应大力发展第三产业以改善就业结构,充分吸纳从第一产业转移出来的劳动力.     

Nonlinear IV unit root tests in panels with cross-sectional dependency

We propose a unit root test for panels with cross-sectional dependency. We allow general dependency structure among the innovations that generate data for each of the cross-sectional units. Each unit may have different sample size, and therefore unbalanced panels are also permitted in our framework. Yet, the test is asymptotically normal, and does not require any tabulation of the critical values. Our test is based on nonlinear IV estimation of the usual augmented Dickey–Fuller type regression for each cross-sectional unit, using as instruments nonlinear transformations of the lagged levels. The actual test statistic is simply defined as a standardized sum of individual IV t-ratios. We show in the paper that such a standardized sum of individual IV t-ratios has limit normal distribution as long as the panels have large individual time series observations and are asymptotically balanced in a very weak sense. We may have the number of cross-sectional units arbitrarily small or large. In particular, the usual sequential asymptotics, upon which most of the available asymptotic theories for panel unit root models heavily rely, are not required. Finite sample performance of our test is examined via a set of simulations, and compared with those of other commonly used panel unit root tests. Our test generally performs better than the existing tests in terms of both finite sample sizes and powers. We apply our nonlinear IV method to test for the purchasing power parity hypothesis in panels.     

管理层持股与公司绩效:一项基于深圳股票市场的实证研究

本文在现有理论和实证分析框架基础上,以在深圳证券交易所上市的331家公司为研究对象,运用非线性回归模型对上市公司管理层持股与经营绩效的相关性进行了实证检验。实证结果表明,公司绩效与管理层持股之间存在三次曲线关系:管理层持股在0%—0·1376%之间时,公司绩效随管理层持股比例的增加而下降;管理层持股在0·1376%—0·7462%之间时,公司绩效随管理层持股比例的增加而上升;管理层持股超过0·7462%时,公司绩效再次随着管理层持股比例的增加而下降。     

Managing academic innovation in Taiwan: Towards a ‘scientific-economic’ framework

Since the passage of the Science and Technology Basic Law in 1999, Taiwanese universities have taken a more “scientific-economic” approach to protect and commercialize their research. This research mainly examines innovation activities such as patenting, licensing, and incubated startups in the context of Taiwanese higher education institutions (HEIs). The “scientific-economic” framework used to analyze the strategic aspects influencing these academic innovations includes (1) intellectual property managerial capabilities, (2) the strength of external industrial partnerships, (3) the university entrepreneurial orientation, and (4) government research policy. Four hypotheses were developed. Data were collected via a questionnaire with all 122 HEIs in Taiwan surveyed.The research reveals that the aspects of intellectual property managerial capability, HEI-industry partnerships, and academic entrepreneurial orientation are useful to distinguish the university's innovation performance on patent grants, licensing incomes, and firm incubation. Also, government support on research plays a moderating role in academic innovation. Managerial and policy implications for managing innovation effectively in universities were drawn.     

历史与现在——国际商法的演进对我们的启示

文中对国际商法从古代商法、中世纪商人法到近代商法国内化以及现代商人法的历史演进过程进行研究,并从纵向和横向的角度解读了国际商法的发展带给我们的启示。     

我国水权交易制度变迁及交易市场中政府的角色定位

我国现行水资源使用制度的不完善致使水资源的利用矛盾重重,面临的是一种“内卷”问题,这要求我们探索建立一种新的水权制度。水权是用水主体依法取得的基于消费性用途的配水量权,针对该水权概念,水价只是水产品价格中的资源水价。水权制度本身的型构是一个缓慢地演进、发育和成型的过程,而并非只是一个国家简单设立、界定和实施的短期过程。所以,政府的行为须谨慎。     

氯苯甲酸生物降解及环境影响研究进展

I.IntroductionChlorobenzoic acids(CBAs)have been released to the envi-ronment intentionally due to their use in agriculture asherbicides,or unintentionally due to the function,they playedin the aerobic transformation of many chlorinated pollutants,such as polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs)and alkyl benzenes.Moreover,chlorobenzoic acids are the major intermediate prod-ucts of aerobic catabolism of PCBs and one of the rate-limitingsteps in the overall PCBs degradation process.Degradation ofchl…