极端气候事件对中国农村经济影响的评价

本文主要选取对气候变化敏感并且脆弱性较高的农业领域为研究对象,采用生产效应法对其由于极端气候事件而产生灾害(干旱、水涝和热带气旋)的直接经济损失进行评估,采用社会调查法对人员和房屋损失进行估算,并简单分析了目前的农业灾害风险救助体系,接着预测了2020年稻谷、小麦和玉米3种主要农作物因气候变化而遭受的经济损失。最后指出,加强气候变化影响的科学研究和针对极端气候事件的适应性能力建设对推进我国农业和农村经济的可持续发展具有重要意义。     

中国林业碳汇市场运行机制的探讨

依据林业碳汇的微观经济学,研究了中国将来林业碳汇的发展情况,提出了建立健全相关法律体系,加大政府财政支持力度,加强林业碳汇项目产权制度建设,降低林业碳汇交易中的交易成本,加强林业碳汇计量、监测工作等林业碳汇市场发展的建议。     

产业集群技术创新与制度创新融合路径与质量——以中国22个典型产业集群为例

本文认为产业集群升级取决于技术创新与制度创新的融合和匹配。在探讨产业集群技术创新与制度创新融合机理和测度方法基础上,使用参数回归等方法,利用2004~2011年22个具有代表性的集群数据,研究了集群技术创新与制度创新融合路径与质量。结果表明:中国集群技术创新与制度创新融合质量整体上未达到最优的完全融合目标,融合具有周期大约为4年的间断平衡期,技术创新带动制度创新与两者相互融合水平高于制度创新促进技术创新路径;融合对集群绩效具有一定的影响,融合水平每增加一个百分点,集群绩效可增长3.6%;融合对于集群资产负债率也具有一定作用,但对于集群可持续发展变量影响作用不显著。     

An optimal insurance design problem under Knightian uncertainty

This paper solves an optimal insurance design problem in which both the insurer and the insured are subject to Knightian uncertainty about the loss distribution. The Knightian uncertainty is modeled in a multi-prior g-expectation framework. We obtain an endogenous characterization of the optimal indemnity that extends classical theorems of Arrow (Essays in the Theory of Risk Bearing. Markham, Chicago 1971) and Raviv (Am Econ Rev 69(1):84–96, 1979) in the classical situation. In the presence of Knightian uncertainty, it is shown that the optimal insurance contract is not only contingent on the realized loss but also on another source of uncertainty coming from the ambiguity.     

战略性新兴产业选择：从政策解读到理论评判

发展战略性新兴产业是提高我国经济发展质量效益的重要举措,得到了各地政府的积极响应.但战略性新兴产业在迅猛发展的同时也遇到了诸多问题,产业选择和布局不合理是制约其健康发展的主要因素之一.战略性新兴产业是战略性产业与新兴产业的交集,既有一般产业的共同特征,又有“战略”和“新兴”的特殊性.文章从“战略性”和“新兴性”的经济学内涵出发,分析了战略性新兴产业的产业规模、产业组织和产业技术特征,构建了基于产业经济学理论的选择指标体系,为进一步深化该领域研究搭建了基础平台.     

外商直接投资对我国二氧化碳排放的影响--基于联立方程的经验考察

为更好的考察外商直接投资（FDI）对我国二氧化碳（CO2）排放的影响,文章使用中国1985～2011年的二氧化碳排放数据,通过构建联立方程组研究了两者间的相互关系。研究结果表明：外商直接投资通过规模效应增加了我国的二氧化碳排放量,又通过结构效应、技术效应和环境规制效应作用降低了二氧化碳排放量,其总效应是降低了我国的二氧化碳排放量,即外商直接投资的总体环境效应是积极的。文章最后基于上述研究发现,提出相应政策建议。     

Knowledge creation and new product performance: the role of creativity

This research is concerned with how knowledge creation influences new product performance through creativity, which includes novelty and appropriateness. The following relationships are examined in our proposed model: (1) the influence of knowledge creation on new product performance; (2) the influence of novelty and appropriateness on new product performance; and (3) the influence of knowledge creation on novelty and appropriateness. A questionnaire was designed and mailed to the sampled Taiwanese manufacturing companies. The analysis results show that knowledge creation helps research and development personnel create novel and appropriate products, which in turn increase new product success. New product performance is affected by both novelty and appropriateness, the former of which has a greater influence. Through additional exploratory analyses, in which socialization, externalization, combination, and internalization are antecedents, we show that socialization's effect on new product performance is fully mediated by novelty and appropriateness, but internalization's influence is only partially mediated. Meantime, the influence of externalization on performance is fully mediated by novelty, but not by appropriateness. Combination has a direct influence on new product performance. Finally, this research provides theoretical and managerial implications based on these results.     

Chinese firms’ sustainable development—The role of future orientation,environmental commitment,and employee training

In this research, we study the issues of corporate sustainable development in China. Based on relevant research, we propose a theoretical model showing the relationship among business environmental commitment, cultural value, employee training, and firm performance of sustainable development. It is argued that a cultural value (i.e., organizational future orientation) should be a key antecedent predicting business environmental commitment. On the other hand, a firm’s sustainable performance, such as performance in environmental protection, should be a major consequence of its business environmental commitment. Moreover, the relationship between business environmental commitment and sustainable performance can be moderated positively by the level of employee training. Other conditions being equal, the better the employee training is, the stronger the relationship between business environmental commitment and sustainable development performance. Testing the relevant hypotheses in China, we find evidence supporting our model proposed in this paper. We conclude with a discussion on the implications of our findings for academic researchers and practitioners.     

Natural Resources,Institutional Quality,and Economic Growth in China

The resource curse has been mainly studied using cross-country samples. In this paper we analyze a cross-province sample from one country: China. We focus on the interplay between resource abundance, institutional quality, and economic growth, using two different measures of resource abundance (a stock: resource reserves; and a flow: resource revenues), and employing various econometric approaches including varying coefficient models. We find that resource abundance has a positive effect on economic growth at the provincial level in China between 1990 and 2008, an effect that depends nonlinearly on institutional quality (1995 confidence in courts). The ‘West China Development Drive’ policy, initiated in 2000, caused substantial changes, which we investigate through a comparative panel-data analysis.     

城镇居民服务消费问题的实证研究——以河北省为例

通过对河北省城镇居民服务消费的实证研究发现,自20世纪90年代以来河北省城镇居民服务消费整体水平有了明显提升,但与全国平均水平及相关省份相比服务消费总量仍显不足,服务消费结构也有待进一步优化。促进河北省城镇居民服务消费的发展应从增加居民收入、完善社会保障制度、提高服务业供给、完善消费环境等方面着手。