论专利产品平行进口问题的法律实质

专利产品平行进口问题的法律实质在于物权和专利权谁优先保护的问题。从竞争法角度来探索权利用尽原则和地域性原则的理论冲突将为我国专利产品平行进口的相关立法提供有益的思路。     

对我国旅游者中的不文明行为分析及对策

随着中国旅游业的快速发展,旅游者的不文明旅游行为所引发的问题也日渐突出,既影响了其自身利益,也破坏了旅游目的地的人文和自然环境,同时还严重地危害了中国人的国际形象。文中对旅游者的不文明旅游行为的表现和危害、产生的原因、解决的方法等进行初步探讨,给解决这种社会问题带来一些启发。     

旅游业的环境影响研究

随着大众旅游时代的到来,旅游业的环境影响日渐强烈,并成为公众关注与研究的重要问题。文章从旅游业的自然环境影响、社会环境影响以及旅游地居民的心理响应三个方面综合论述了近年旅游业环境影响研究的新成果。旅游业环境影响量化评价指标体系、旅游业影响下旅游地的未来环境变迁以及自然环境、社会环境和旅游地居民的心理响应之间的交互作用机理将是未来旅游业的环境影响研究的关键内容。     

价值工程理论在国际营销中的应用

工业价值工程是以提高研究对象的价值为目的的,价值工程理论可以用于研究企业的国际市场营销活动,提高企业经营活动中所提供的产品功能与成本的比值。价值工程可以用于研究营销活动功能与成本的合理匹配,以达到最优化的价值目标。从事国际市场营销活动的企业,可以根据价值工程理论,从4P’S出发,制定有效的营销策略和选择最佳的营销组合来提高营销价值。     

Nonparametric estimation of time varying parameters under shape restrictions

In recent years, a lot of econometric literature has been devoted to estimating time varying coefficients in regression models. Here, a new method based on smoothers is proposed, which is able to introduce shape restrictions over the coefficients. The statistical properties of the estimator are obtained for very general situations, including locally stationary regressors. In particular, the procedure provides consistent results for time varying autoregressive models. The practical problem of implementation is also addressed. A data-driven method for selecting the control parameters is provided, together with an algorithm that reduces the computational cost. A simulation study and an application to real data supports the theoretical results.     

The determinants of capital structure in transitional economies

This study investigates whether capital structure determinants in emerging Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries support traditional capital structure theory developed to explain western economies. The empirical evidence suggests that some traditional capital structure theories are portable to companies in CEE countries. However, neither the trade-off, pecking order, nor agency costs theories explain the capital structure choices. Companies do follow the modified “pecking order.” The factors that influence firms' leverage decisions are the differences and financial constraints of banking systems, disparity in legal systems governing firms' operations, shareholders, and bondholders rights protection, sophistication of equity and bond markets, and corporate governance.     

财务分析师盈宗预测精确度决定因素的实证分析

文章以2004-2005年的上市公司数据为样本，分析了我国财务分析师在预测上市公司未来盈余时影响其预测精确度的主要因素。研究发现，预测机构数量的增加、盈余可预测性以及信息披露质量的提高，将伴随着高的盈余预测精确度，而盈余波动程度越大、公司规模越大，预测的精确度则越低。同时，可预测性、盈余管理、盈余波动以及公司扩张速度对分析师的悲观预测有显著的影响，而可预测性、盈余管理以及公司规模则显著影响分析师对盈余的乐观估计。     

The Influence of Environmental Pressures, Diversification Strategy, and Union/Nonunion Setting on Employee Participation

This study tests the hypotheses that environment, diversification strategy, and union/nonunion setting affect the number and variety of employee participation programs. A survey of large U.S. manufacturing firms measured the implementation of employee participation programs. Regression results suggest that environmental pressures exert a direct effect on participation in union settings. However, in nonunion settings, environment and diversification strategy both correlated directly with participation. These results suggest that unions could potentially affect participation program implementation.     

The hydroelectricity consumption and economic growth in Asian countries - evidence using an asymmetric cointegration approach

ABSTRACT

This study examines the four commonly tested hypotheses in hydroelectricity consumption – economic growth literature for 12 Asian countries. Our results from a recently developed hidden cointegration technique uncover rich and significant relationships between negative and positive components of the variables under consideration. In particular, we find evidence to support the neutrality hypothesis in five countries (Bangladesh, Indonesia, Pakistan, Philippines, and Thailand), the growth hypothesis in four countries (India, Japan, South Korea and Taiwan), and both growth and conservation hypotheses in three countries (China, Malaysia, and New Zealand). These findings suggest that appropriate economic policies should be elaborated on the basis of the country’s specific hydroelectricity consumption–growth nexus. Finally, our new evidence suggests that the lack of stable relationship between hydroelectricity consumption and economic growth documented in previous studies for some of these countries could be due to the failure to properly account for the nonlinearity property in the data.     

环境意识的内涵及其作用

环境意识的概念是随着人与自然的矛盾加剧而产生的。环境意识反映的是人们的一种心理,是对环境的认同感。在这种心理的作用下,人们会有意识地去关注环境变化和生态平衡,并且会自觉地维护生态系统的良性发展。环境意识包括环境认识观、环境价值观、环境伦理观、环境法制观和环境参与观五部分,分为感性认识、知识、态度、评价和行为五个层次。对环境意识的研究在人与自然的发展中具有巨大的实践指导意义。