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131.
计量经济学的产生与发展使经济学由定性分析走向定量分析,在反垄断执法中企业是否滥用市场支配地位、经营者集中审查等内容都离不开计量工具的支持。反垄断部门在对企业横向兼并进行审查控制时包括了定义相关市场的定义、评估兼并的价格效应和预测兼并可能带来的效率改进,其中所进行的每一步都会运用到计量经济学。文章对计量工具在反垄断审查中的应用进行归纳总结,取其一点以案例法强调计量工具的应用。以美国Staples—Office Depot合并案为例,介绍计量方法在横向兼并审查控制中的具体运用,总结得出中国反垄断执法需要在数据收集、人才培养、案例研究等方面继续加强。  相似文献   
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低碳经济作为一种经济发展模式,是我国转变经济发展方式的必然选择。税收是政府促进低碳经济发展的重要工具。针对我国现行税制体系中仅有低碳经济相关税种及税收优惠政策,尚缺乏低碳经济专有税种的现状,应建立以环境税和碳税为主体,以资源税、消费税等相关税种及低碳税收优惠政策为辅助的低碳税制体系。  相似文献   
134.
知识经济时代的知识企业是以知识资本为主导生产要素的,这就给知识企业的管理活动提出了新的课题,会计作为一项重要的经济管理活动同样面临诸多挑战.知识企业管理对象的重心必须转移:从工业经济时代的工业企业以财务资本为核心的管理转移到知识经济时代的知识企业以知识资本为核心的管理上来.知识企业管理重心的转移,必然导致工业经济时代反映财务资本的财务会计转移到知识经济时代反映知识资本的知识会计上来,以适应知识企业管理对象重心转移的需要.  相似文献   
135.
文章在对国内外劳动争议相关研究现状和特点进行简要总结的基础上,利用人社部社区直报数据,采用Logit模型对企业劳动争议发生的影响因素进行回归分析,通过实证分析发现:企业所处地区、行业会显著影响企业劳动争议的发生;员工受教育水平同劳动争议的发生呈显著正相关关系;而对相关法律法规的认知程度同劳动争议的发生则呈显著负相关关系;此外,税后劳动报酬对于企业发生劳动争议的影响有待进一步探究。  相似文献   
136.
Monthly Income Preferred Stock (MIPS), Quarterly Income Preferred Stock (QUIPS), and Trust Originated Preferred Stock (TOPrS) all carry the title of preferred stock. As in the case of other forms of preferred stock, investors cannot force the issuer into bankruptcy if it fails to make a scheduled dividend payment. Unlike conventional preferred stock, however, the dividend payments on these new securities are deductible by the issuer for tax purposes. Thus MIPS, QUIPS and TOPrS appear to provide issuers with in some respects the ideal security–one that offers the tax advantages of debt without the potential for financial distress and its associated costs. And since the first issue of this kind of security in 1993, nearly 300 corporate issuers have raised a total of close to $30 billion with this novel hybrid security. But if these securities appear new, there is another security–namely, income bonds–that has offered these same advantages for at least the past 100 years. After discussing MIPS, QUIPS, and TOPrS in some detail, and the stock market's reaction issuing companies, the article explores the question: Why are tax-deductible preferreds so popular today when income bonds have been shunned for the past 60 years?  相似文献   
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138.
    
This paper compares a number of different extreme value models for determining the value at risk (VaR) of three LIFFE futures contracts. A semi-nonparametric approach is also proposed, where the tail events are modeled using the generalised Pareto distribution, and normal market conditions are captured by the empirical distribution function. The value at risk estimates from this approach are compared with those of standard nonparametric extreme value tail estimation approaches, with a small sample bias-corrected extreme value approach, and with those calculated from bootstrapping the unconditional density and bootstrapping from a GARCH(1,1) model. The results indicate that, for a holdout sample, the proposed semi-nonparametric extreme value approach yields superior results to other methods, but the small sample tail index technique is also accurate.  相似文献   
139.
    
This paper considers the impact of personal taxation on the Miles and Ezzell (1980) result that the weighted average cost of capital is the appropriate rate for discounting after corporation tax cash flows in an MM (Modigliani and Miller, 1958, 1963) perfect capital market with corporation tax. An analogous result, incorporating a capital gains tax adjustment, is derived for the personal tax case, and its application to the UK tax system is considered.  相似文献   
140.
    
This paper investigates the characteristics, performance, and share price reaction of politically connected firms versus a control sample of independent firms in Malaysia. Politically connected firms had higher level of leverage, lower profitability, and lower sales to profitability, and paid lower taxes and lower dividends compared to independent firms. Their share prices increase with the announcement of favorable political events. In terms of performance, the active rent‐seeking activities in return for preferential treatment produce comparable performance to independent firms during an economic upturn. However, their performance deteriorates more than independent firms during an economic downturn. The percentage of ownership of government institutions in politically connected firms is also much lower, and these firms use more Tier 1 auditors than the independent firms. Overall, the findings are consistent with expectations and evidence from similar studies in developed and developing economies. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.  相似文献   
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