《行政复议法》实施以来的成就、不足与展望

《行政复议法》的颁布与施行至今已有十余年,在这十多年的时间里,行政复议制度有效发挥了化解行政争议、保护行政相对人的合法权益以及保障和监督行政机关依法行政等功能,但与此同时,行政复议制度还有诸多不足。当前,对《行政复议法》实施以来所取得成就的回顾以及对其不足的反思,是完善我国行政复议制度的一项重要任务,也是我国行政复议制度取得更大成就的必由之路。     

自动加药装置

全自动加药装置广泛应用于冶金、石油、化工、造纸、环保等领域的水质提纯加药处理、原油脱水加药处理、液体沉降加药处理以及腐蚀性液体的加药处理,本系统采取了设计独特的隔膜式加药泵,其耐腐蚀性强,运行寿命长,为确保系统设备的安全可靠运行提供了切实可行的保障。     

Review: Food loss and waste in Sub-Saharan Africa

The research, development practitioner, and donor community has begun to focus on food loss and waste – often referred to as post-harvest losses (PHL) – in Sub-Saharan Africa. This article reviews the current state of the literature on PHL mitigation. First, we identify explicitly the varied objectives underlying efforts to reduce PHL levels. Second, we summarize the estimated magnitudes of losses, evaluate the methodologies used to generate those estimates, and explore the dearth of thoughtful assessment around “optimal” PHL levels. Third, we synthesize and critique the impact evaluation literature around on-farm and off-farm interventions expected to deliver PHL reduction. Fourth, we suggest a suite of other approaches to advancing these same objectives, some of which may prove more cost-effective. Finally, we conclude with a summary of main points.     

WTO反倾销协议日落复审条款及美国反倾销日落复审国内法之比较研究

依照WTO反倾销日落复审制度，反倾销税在征收5年后应该终止。但事实上我国的出口产品在美国被采取反倾销措施5年后，并没有因此规定而被停止征收反倾销税，这种无限期地实施反倾销措施偏离了世界贸易组织设置反倾销日落复审初衷。文章对WTO反倾销协议中的日落复审条款和美国反倾销日落复审的国内法进行了详细的分析，并指出美国反倾销日落复审的国内法存在违背WTO协议的可能，进而为我国企业提供有针对性的对策。     

JUSTIFYING A POLICY MIX FOR POLLUTION CONTROL: A REVIEW OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE

Abstract This paper provides a review of economic studies analysing the use of multiple policies – a so‐called policy mix – to cope with single pollution problems. To guide and structure the review, an analytical framework is developed and applied. The framework integrates transaction costs into the analysis of pollution problems and policies to overcome them. Moreover, it understands a pollution externality not only as a market failure but more generally as the failure of private governance structures. Based on this insight, two rationales for using a policy mix are identified. First, a policy mix may help to correct for multiple reinforcing failures of private governance structures, such as pollution externalities and technological spillovers. Second, a policy mix can be employed if the implementation of single first‐best policies brings about high transaction costs, e.g. when marginal pollution damages are heterogeneous or polluters are unlikely to comply with the policy. For each rationale, the relevant literature is presented. Based on the review, avenues for future research are identified.     

Cooperative strategies in international business and management: Reflections on the past 50 years and future directions

Over the past 50 years, cooperative forms of governance such as equity joint ventures and other strategic alliances have received tremendous attention in international business and management research. This article traces the history of this research over these past five decades with particular emphasis on the critical role that (Columbia) Journal of World Business has played in disseminating scholarly and managerial expertise on the successful management of cross-border, inter-firm collaboration. We highlight the evolution of interest in different contexts, phenomena, theories, and methodologies, along with the factors that have driven interest in these topics. Several suggestions for future research are also provided.     

Running on the spot? A review of twenty years of research on the management of human resources in comparative and international perspective

Research using a comparative and international perspective on the management of human resources is examined, drawing on articles published in leading human resource management, management/organizational behaviour and related social science journals between 1977 and 1997. In total a little under 2 per cent of the articles under review focused on the management of human resources in a comparative and international perspective. The largest group of these articles was comparative in nature (44 per cent), followed by those with an international perspective (35 per cent). A smaller number adopted a combined approach (17 per cent) and a few were separately classified as foreign national studies (4 per cent). Over time, there has been some progress made in terms of the number of articles published and the scope of topics covered. However, many of the articles displayed similar shortcomings to those noted in earlier reviews of cross-national management/organization studies: in particular, an over-reliance on a small number of primarily Anglo-Saxon countries, a lack of a longitudinal perspective, a loose specification of culture, an ethnocentric bias and a frequent failure to explain observed differences and similarities.     

Achieving High Quality, Comparable Financial Reporting: A Review of Independent Enforcement Bodies in Australia and the United Kingdom

This article provides a review of the activities of two quite different types of national enforcement body, the U.K.'s Financial Reporting Review Panel (FRRP) and the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC). We present material (some not available elsewhere) about their activities over the period 1998–2004 and show that both types of body can fulfil an enforcement role, albeit subject to political forces. We also assess the relevance of the bodies' past activities for comparable international enforcement following the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in 2005. A review of cases reveals that for both bodies approximately half were related to recognition and measurement issues, where interpretation can be crucial. Although there is potential for cross-country differences to arise, they may be mitigated by the participation of both bodies in international enforcement coordination activities. Past activities suggest that the scope of the bodies' activities and the extent of comparability of enforcement decisions are likely to reflect political views held within the government, corporate sector and accounting profession.     

地面雷达动目标自动识别分类研究

本文介绍了地面雷达动目标自动识别分类研究成果，该成果在大量试验的基础上，运用回波多普勒信号的频谱特性，实现了动目标的自动识别与分类，其准确率达到８５％以上。     

国际营销思考题(之一)参考答案

<正> (一)为什么在国际营销中,在渠道策略上,正确对待国外中间商具有关键意义?在这方面需要注意哪些问题? 在从事国际营销的全过程中,在发展了适销产品并订定了有竞争性的价格之后,企业选择推行的渠道策略对于能否成功地进入目标市场拓开销售具有关键的意义。而在渠道策略上如何正确选择运用中间商可说是首要问题。这是因为:第一,就世界范围来看,由出口厂商控制、左右市