基础研究是否推动我国先进制造技术向国际前沿收敛——基于追赶阶段与技术子领域差异的分析

为探究加速我国先进制造技术差距收敛的有效途径，以技术追赶过程的阶段性和先进制造技术不同子领域的结构化差异为切入点进行实证研究，揭示基础研究在先进制造技术追赶过程中的作用机制。研究发现：相较于追赶阶段，基础研究在后追赶阶段显著促进我国先进制造技术差距收敛；基础研究知识成果产出吸引企业进行研发活动，推动我国先进制造技术差距收敛。进一步讨论发现，先进制造技术结构化特征影响基础研究对技术差距收敛的促进作用。因此，在后追赶阶段，准确把握技术追赶阶段变迁带来的机会窗口，强化基础研究是推动我国先进制造技术向国际前沿收敛的必要手段。     

民营科技企业创新绩效分析与评价

创新绩效评价是一项对企业创新的效果与效率进行监督管理的新制度，这种制度在经济发达国家已有一定的实践，但在我国却鲜有研究。本文首先根据我国民营科技企业的发展现状，论证了对民营科技企业进行创新绩效评价的必要性，然后设计了民营科技企业创新绩效评价的指标体系，最后对安徽省按地区统计的民营科技企业创新绩效进行了实证研究。     

论基础专利之改进技术保护路径的完善——以确立反向等同原则为视角

我国基础专利之改进技术的实施面临诸多障碍，阻碍了改进技术的推广应用，美国司法实践中由法官创设的反向等同原则对于我国解决这一困境具有借鉴意义。对反向等同原则的制度功能与理论基础进行规范分析，并辅以比较法视角，研究发现：反向等同原则不仅可以限制专利字面侵权，平衡专利权人与改进者之间的利益，还可以作为专利政策杠杆，对专利法保护的不同行业技术进行微观调控。确立反向等同原则符合专利契约理论对公平的要求，亦与知识产权工具论的主张相契合。最后，提出建议：以反向等同原则的确立为切入点，使落入专利权利要求字面含义范围内、与专利技术不相等同的全新改进技术免于专利侵权，同时严格把握反向等同原则的适用条件，兼顾基础专利保护与全新改进技术激励。     

Transformative value co-creation with older customers in e-services: Exploring the influence of customer participation on appreciation of digital affordances and well-being

This study challenges the negative assumption that older customers struggle to adapt to e-service by exploring the positive influence of their participation on transformative value co-creation. A two-phase mixed-methods approach was adopted to develop and validate the research model. The results found that customer participation, including information sharing, responsible behaviors, and in-role feedback, promotes older customers' digital skills and basic needs satisfaction, leading to higher appreciation of digital affordances and well-being. Additionally, online employees’ customer orientation positively moderates the above relationships. This study provides insight for service providers to include older customers in e-services.     

基本农田保护机制的创新问题探讨

结合近几年基本农田保护规划实施的情况,从保护指导思想、保护管理体系、保护手段、布局调整、投入机制与农民参与等方面,对基本农田保护机制的创新进行了探讨。     

基于事故/事件的大型客机“飞行员操作程序”分析

收集近20年国内外大型客机事故/事件信息,设计筛选流程,确定与飞行员操作程序相关的事故/事件,在此基础上,采用基元事件分析法对这些事故/事件进行分解,并对国内外事故致因进行对比分析,试图发现其中可能蕴藏的深层次原因,为设计大型客机飞行员操作程序和提升民航安全运行水平提供支持。     

One country,two currencies: The adoption of the Hong Kong currency board, 1983

Currency boards have had an enduring attraction as a solution to exchange rate and monetary credibility for small open economies, despite few successful examples. In this context, the case of Hong Kong stands out for its longevity; it survived the handover to China, the Asian financial crises in 1997, and the global crises in 2007–8 and 2020. The 1983 currency crisis and the decision to link the exchange rate to the US$ is usually treated as an outcome of local political uncertainty due to the Sino-British negotiations which set the framework for how Hong Kong would fit with the rest of China after 1997. We present fresh archival evidence from Hong Kong and London to reveal the year-long debates over Hong Kong's monetary system after a drop in the exchange rate in September 1982 and to demonstrate how most of the protagonists in Hong Kong and London came only reluctantly to accept the idea of re-pegging the dollar once public expectations had been raised. We also show how the mixture of currency and banking instability affected the terms of the negotiations in 1982 and 1983 and set the framework for the one country, two currencies system that prevails today.