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41.
Although credit risk is an important factor that financial institutions must cope with, the determinants of bank problem loans have been little studied. Using panel data, we compare the determinants of problem loans of Spanish commercial and savings banks in the period 1985–1997, taking into account both macroeconomic and individual bank level variables. The GDP growth rate, firms, and family indebtedness, rapid past credit or branch expansion, inefficiency, portfolio composition, size, net interest margin, capital ratio, and market power are variables that explain credit risk. However, there are significant differences between commercial and savings banks, which confirm the relevance of the institutional form in the management of credit risk. Our findings raise important bank supervisory policy issues: the use of bank level variables as early warning indicators, the advantages of bank mergers from different regions, and the role of banking competition and ownership in determining credit risk. 相似文献
42.
关于构建我国社会信用体系的思考 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本文从对我国信用体系不健全、信用环境恶化的现状出发 ,对信用体系不健全的表现进行了系统分析 ,认为信用体系不健全阻碍了我国经济的高效运行 ;并在对西方发达国家信用体系建设经验介绍的基础上 ,提出了建立和完善我国社会信用体系的政策建议。 相似文献
43.
Incorporating Collateral Value Uncertainty in Loss Given Default Estimates and Loan-to-value Ratios 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
We present a model of risky debt in which collateral value is correlated with the possibility of default. The model is then used to study the expected loss given default, primarily as a function of collateral. The results obtained could prove useful for estimating losses given default in many popular models of credit risk which assume them constant. We also examine the problem of determining sufficient collateral to secure a loan to a desired extent. In addition to bank practitioners, regulators might find our analysis useful in reviewing banks’ lending standards relative to current collateral values. In particular, the current proposals for The New (Basel) Capital Accord involve options for the use of banks’ own loss given default estimates which might benefit from the analysis in this paper. 相似文献
44.
This paper presents a integrated credit risk modelling approach for private firms which fulfil 2001 Basel Accord requirements
in the case of the adoption of the foundation approach. Our model comprises: (a) a bottom-up technique to initially assess
the through-the-cycle one-year Probability of Default (PD) and (b) a top-down approach to refine and calibrate this historical
PD in a forward-looking credit risk assessment based on next year’s economic outlook. We present findings from applying this
model to a large sample of client firms of the Bank of Rome. 相似文献
45.
Ashok Bardhan Raša Karapandža Branko Urošević 《The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics》2006,32(1):9-20
We develop a new option-based method for the valuation of mortgage insurance contracts in closed form in an economy where
agents are risk neutral. While the proposed valuation method is general and can be used in any market, it may be particularly
useful in emerging market economies where other existing methods may be either inappropriate or are too difficult to implement
because of the lack of relevant data. As an application, we price a typical Serbian government-backed mortgage insurance contract. 相似文献
46.
This article evaluates vulnerable American options based on the two-point Geske and Johnson method. In accordance with the
Martingale approach, we provide analytical pricing formulas for European and multi-exercisable options under risk-neutral
measures. Employing Richardson’s extrapolation gets the values of vulnerable American options. To demonstrate the accuracy
of our proposed method, we use numerical examples to compare the values of vulnerable American options from our proposed method
with the benchmark values from the least-square Monte Carlo simulation method. We also perform sensitivity analyses for vulnerable
American options and show how the prices of vulnerable American options vary with the correlation between the underlying assets
and the option writer’s assets.
相似文献
47.
世界银行卡产业发展研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
随着全球经济的复苏和银行卡受理环境的改善,近年来世界银行卡产业保持着迅捷的增长势头,银行卡作为支付手段对现金和支票的替代作用也日益明显。本文从总量指标和人均指标两方面对当前世界主要国家和地区银行卡产业的交易状况进行了实证研究,分析了全球银行卡市场在区域和品牌上的分布结构,并对该产业近年来的发展趋势进行了总结与探讨。 相似文献
48.
信贷配给对货币政策有效性的影响 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
穆争社 《中央财经大学学报》2004,(1):40-44
商业银行在货币政策传导机制中处于枢纽地位,其信贷配给行为的发生,一方面形成了巨额的超额准备金,另一方面造成了信贷市场的分割,其结果降低了货币政策的有效性.这在我国表现为:一方面,商业银行的信贷配给所形成的"惜贷现象"阻断了货币政策向融资企业的传导;另一方面,民营企业难以成为提高货币政策有效性的主体.从而造成了我国货币政策效果较差的后果.解决此问题的根本方法在于降低商业银行贷款风险,缓解信贷配给.具体措施:一是建立商业银行进行信息搜寻的激励机制,二是建立融资企业的融资担保体系,使商业银行的贷款风险得以转嫁. 相似文献
49.
The objective of this paper is to evaluate the impact on bank credit exposures to small- and medium-sized Spanish firms of the current proposal for reform of the 1988 Capital Accord using information from the Spanish Credit Register. Capital requirements for exposures to those firms, according to the various revisions of the proposed capital reform (from the January 2001 consultative document to the April 2003 one), are calculated to analyze whether the existing pattern of bank financing of small- and medium-sized firms might be altered. Finally, the incentives for individual banks to adopt the advanced internal ratings-based approach proposed by Basel II are evaluated. 相似文献
50.
Pricing default swaps: Empirical evidence 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In this paper we compare market prices of credit default swaps with model prices. We show that a simple reduced form model outperforms directly comparing bonds' credit spreads to default swap premiums. We find that the model yields unbiased premium estimates for default swaps on investment grade issuers, but only if we use swap or repo rates as proxy for default-free interest rates. This indicates that the government curve is no longer seen as the reference default-free curve. We also show that the model is relatively insensitive to the value of the assumed recovery rate. 相似文献