生态公益林保险的定价与设计

目前针对火灾、泥石流等突发性事件引起的生态公益林的毁坏，许多省份给予每亩500—700元的定额赔偿金，并且保险定价有一定的随意性。由于林改后对生态公益林的补贴一般每亩只有10—20元，相对于保险赔偿金则过低，如此便产生了生态公益林保险的变相融资道德风险倾向，即：林农很可能为套取保险资金而消极防御火灾，甚至故意纵火。运用林农效用函数，通过确定性等价收入等理论定出生态公益林的保险价格，设计出一套实物支付与分期付款相结合的保险方案，有效地规避了此类道德风险的发生。     

谈在教学中对大学生环境意识的培养

在＂思想道德修养与法律基础＂课教学中,要加强对大学生环境意识的培养,这是科学发展观的要求,也为本课的教学改革起到了积极的作用。     

香蕉供应链质量安全关键控制点研究

利用HACCP质量管理体系综合评价香蕉供应链各个环节中潜在的危害,并且对产地选择、生产管理、贮藏运输及销地催熟4个关键控制点进行了研究。     

Housing-Price Cycles and Prepayment Rates of U.S. Mortgage Pools

Empirical mortgage prepayment models generally have trouble explaining differences in mortgage-prepayment speeds among pools with similar interest rates on the underlying mortgages. In this article, we model some of the sources of termination heterogeneity across mortgage pools, particularly the role of regional variations in housing prices in generating atypical prepayment speeds. Using a sample of Freddie Mac mortgage pools from 1991 to 1998, we compare two classes of empirical models: a rational option-pricing model using a backward-solving pricing algorithm and an empirical hazard model. In both empirical estimation strategies, we find evidence that differences in house-price dynamics across regions are an important source of between-pool heterogeneity. This finding is then shown to be robust to alternative ways of parameterizing pool heterogeneity in mortgage termination models.     

SMEs and public procurement policy

In this paper, we characterize an optimal procurement policy as a mechanism design problem when an allotment of the contract is available, i.e., when a government faces both SMEs and large firms for carrying out a heterogeneously divisible project. Our model allows us to analyze all procurement policies (set-asides, favoritism, non-discriminatory rules), taking into account both efficiency and distributive arguments and derive a normative framework. We show that set-asides are not generally optimal, whatever the industrial preferences of the government are, while the optimal preferential treatments of firms implies complex non-linear rules. We prove that the optimal policy can be implemented using a modified Vickrey-type auction. We also consider that the firms can reduce their cost by a non observable effort, and exhibit the specific impact of cost reduction incentives on the optimal policies.Received: 24 September 2001, JEL Classification: D44Pierre-HenriMorand : I am grateful to the anonymous referees for comments. The usualdisclaimer applies.     

Sickness absence and health care in an economic federation

This paper addresses vertical fiscal externalities in a model where the state governments provide health care and the federal government provides a sickness benefit. Both levels of government tax labor income and policy decisions affect labor income as well as participation in the labor market. The results show that the vertical externality affecting the state governments’ policy decisions can be either positive or negative depending on, among other things, the wage elasticity of labor supply and the marginal product of expenditure on health care. Moreover, it is proved that the vertical fiscal externality will not vanish by assigning all powers of taxation to the states.      

Pricing the risks of default

This paper decomposes default risk into timing and recovery risks. The two default components are explicitly priced as if they were traded in the futures market. We develop estimation strategies evaluating recovery risks and then construct implicit prices of contingent securities reflecting purely the timing risk. The models are estimated on monthly data for rates on certificates of deposit offered by institutions in the Savings and Loan Industry, during the 1987–1991 period. Empirical results support market expectations of lower likelihoods of default after 1989.     

论网络文化环境中的网络道德教育

随着信息产业的发展,网络已经遍布我们生活和工作的各个领域。网络文化也正急剧地改变着人们的道德观念、价值取向以及行为模式。数字化、网络化、信息化改变了人们的生产方式、生活方式和思维方式,网络信息的确给人们带来了诸多方便。然而,网络中的不良现象却影响了网络环境建设,并干扰着正常秩序,危害着传统道德,侵蚀着人们的思想。为了确保网络环境建设的健康进行,网络道德教育势在必行。     

Asian Financial Crisis.Prologue and the Case of Thailand

We suggest that the Asian financial crisis began because of theinconsistent exchange rate system and miss-management within Thailand. We showthat prior tothe Asian financial crisis the Thai Baht against the Yen followed the theoryofpurchasing power parity but the Baht against the U.S. Dollar did not. We givebriefsummaries of the papers included in this issue.     

我国房地产交易中存在的道德风险及其治理

本文用信息经济学理论分析了我国房地产交易中开发商、中介机构可能存在的道德风险及其带来的负面影响,在此基础上,分别从开发商、政府、购房者以及中介机构四个角度提出了治理房地产交易中道德风险的方法和措施。