Investigation of the “China effect” on crowding out of Japanese FDI: An industry-level analysis (1990–2004)

This paper applies a dynamic panel model to investigate whether China is crowding out Japanese foreign direct investment (FDI) from other economies of Asia. We examined this with industry-level data on Japanese FDI flows into Asian economies. In order to deal with possible problems of serial correlation and endogeneity, we estimated coefficients using a difference and system generalized method of moments to examine the “China effect” on industries. We found a significantly high degree of crowding out effect by China on its Asian counterparts. Among twelve industries, a crowding out effect was found in nine industries, including electrical &; electronics—the biggest industry for Japanese FDI. However, a complementary effect was found in two industries, one of them being transport, which is the second biggest industry for Japanese FDI. We conclude that while China's rise is a prominent threat for the region, it could be transformed into an opportunity in vertically fragmented industries.     

德国煤矿安全生产管理的经验及启示

近年来，虽然我国煤矿安全生产在稳步好转，但是，仍然面临严峻的形势，重特大事故仍时有发生。尤其是与发达国家德国相比，我国的煤矿安全生产管理还有待加强与改善。所以，本文试图提出合理地借鉴德国的煤矿安全生产管理经验，以推进和完善我国的煤矿安全生产。     

On the emergence of scale-free production networks

We propose a simple dynamical model for the formation of production networks among monopolistically competitive firms. The model subsumes the standard general equilibrium approach à la Arrow–Debreu but displays a wide set of potential dynamic behaviors. It robustly reproduces key stylized facts of firms׳ demographics. Our main result is that competition between intermediate good producers generically leads to the emergence of scale-free production networks.     

新侵权责任法实施背景下环境责任保险发展的博弈分析

如何发展环境责任保险,使其更好地促进地方环境保护,是当前社会的一个热点问题。本文通过经济学的重要工具博弈论(Game Theory)来对上述的环境责任保险系统进行一个层层深入的分析,在做了一定的外部假设条件下,一共提供了四阶段的动态博弈模型,其中一阶段分析表明企业在无外部约束的情况下必然会选择污染型生产;二阶段分析表明在有环境责任保险的参与后,污染成本转为由保险公司所承担,企业的行为没有受到约束;三阶段分析模型经过修正后使得保险公司可以采用一个威胁,即可以拒绝为污染型生产进行赔偿;四阶段分析表明只有政府的参与才能使企业的生产行为受到完全的约束。针对各阶段分析的结果,本文结尾提出了相应的建议。     

Mortality Among the Elderly in Sweden 1988–1997

By replacing the exponential growth in a Makeham function with a straight line at very high ages, graduated mortality rates gives an acceptable adherence to observed data.     

Export-promoting production subsidies and the dynamic gains from experience

This paper examines export-promoting production subsidies in a dynamic product-cycle model with learning by doing and spillovers from experience. History dictates that the South is less experienced than the North and, thus, produces less advanced goods. Non-uniform Southern export promoting production subsidies applied to a small set of marginal industries that are on the verge of being internationally competitive, generate conventional static benefits for the South and costs for the North. Since such an industrial policy expands the South's range of production, it ultimately enhances Southern learning. The South's rate of production and technology transfer and the North's rate of innovation both increase, creating dynamic benefits for each country. While the South must gain overall, the North will also gain if the dynamic benefits outweigh the static costs.     

新疆生产建设兵团养老保险运行机制分析

新疆建设兵团在20世纪50-60年代建立了养老保险制度。兵团的养老保险制度在维护团场职工权益、维持兵团稳定和发展等方面发挥了难以替代的作用。随着市场经济的深入发展,兵团养老保险受到一系列因素的制约,难以良性运行。文章全面描述了新疆生产建设兵团养老保险的制度构架和运行状况,尤其分析了老龄化和养老金支付能力弱等问题给兵团养老保险健康发展带来的不利影响。文章在此基础上提出促进兵团养老保险制度平稳运行的意见和建议。     

Spam mails impede economic growth

We estimate labor losses caused by spam mails and input these estimated values into a production function, while also estimating damage to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Japan. As a result, we have found that spam mails decreased the Japanese GDP by about 500 billion yen in 2004. This marginal negative effect of spam mail to the GDP increased with the progress of broadband in 2000. Moreover, from the result of a social simulation conducted by the authors, the amount of damage is projected to reach 1% of the Japanese GDP by 2010, unless adequate countermeasures are taken against spam mails. This projection provides a statistical fundamental to several theoretical analyses of spam mails.     

A multi-echelon supply chain model for reworkable items in multiple-markets with supply disruption

The objective of this paper is to develop a multi-echelon supply chain model for multiple-markets with different selling seasons. Here, two suppliers are involved to supply the raw materials to the manufacturer where the main supplier may face supply disruption after a random time and the secondary supplier is perfectly reliable but more expensive than the main supplier. In this article, the manufacturer produces a random proportion of defective items which are reworked after regular production and are sold in a lot to another market just after completion of rework. The retailer sells the finished products in different markets according to seasons. Finally, an integrated expected cost per unit product of the chain is minimized analytically by considering the lot-size ordered as a decision variable. An appropriate numerical example is also provided to justify the proposed model.     

我国公共基础设施的规模效应及结构效应分析——基于1996-2010的制造业行业数据

基于三要素的成本函数,本文利用1996—2010年20个制造业行业的面板数据,考察了以能源、交通以及邮电通讯为代表的公共基础设施对产业部门的要素投入数量以及要素投入结构的影响。结果表明:公共基本设施投入不仅具有降低行业平均成本的作用,而且对行业成本结构具有显著影响。相对于劳动投入,要素投入更加向资本和中间品倾斜。