Consumers' reaction to fair trade motivated price increases

Consumer perception of price increases and their reactions are a topic of great relevance for marketing research and practice. We investigate consumers' acceptance of price increases justified by higher costs due to company's corporate socially responsible activities by conducting two experimental studies. In the first study we examine perceived fairness and intentions following a price increase justified by a fair trade commitment. To assess the green attitude–behavior gap in consumer behavior our second study incorporates a real world experiment to explore actual consumer behavior against stated intentions. Our investigation adds nuance to our understanding of the effects of corporate social responsibility on consumer response to price increases. Our results reveal that a price increase due to a fair trade commitment is perceived as fair and does not have a negative impact on purchase behavior. We contrast our findings with a price increase due to higher taxes and due to profit increase. Our results demonstrate that fair trade justified price increases can skim twice the amount compared to tax justified increases. Furthermore, consumers' actual buying behavior reveals no difference to their stated intentions. Hence, prior research proclaiming an attitude–behavior gap in the context of consumers' socially responsible buying behavior has to be called into question.     

专业服务业跨国公司全球资源的利用研究

专业服务业是一个比较特殊的服务领域,它具有许多特殊的性质。本文试图从全球资源利用的角度对专业服务业跨国公司进行探讨,分析专业服务企业资源特性,并针对专业服务业跨国公司的全球经营优势,对其全球资源利用进行研究。     

Factors influencing partner selection in strategic alliances: the moderating role of alliance context

The growth of alliances has generated considerable interest in this topic among both academics and practitioners. While multiple factors may affect alliance success, partner selection emerges as one of the most influential. Previous studies on alliances present general models that assume the factors (e.g., trust, commitment, complementarity, financial payoff) that drive partner attractiveness and, in turn, the likelihood of selection, are consistent across varying alliance projects and situations. In contrast, the present study proposes a contingency approach grounded in management control theory that suggests the criteria managers use in choosing alliance partners will vary by alliance project type. Specifically, it introduces a framework that addresses when and why managers select partners with certain, specific characteristics. The results of the present study strongly support hypotheses that the critical criteria for assessing alliance partner attractiveness and selection vary depending on the differential levels of process manageability and outcome interpretability inherent in a strategic alliance. Implications for theory and practice are discussed. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

零售业长期关系导向与信任和承诺的关系研究

在竞争日益激烈的零售业,与供应商保持长期合作关系对零售商保持竞争优势越来越重要.本研究探讨了信任和关系承诺对长期关系导向的影响.研究的数据主要来自上海和江苏的电子产品零售商,共获得118份有效问卷,进行结构方程模型分析.实证结果表明信任变量中的可靠性会正向影响关系承诺,关系承诺变量中的行为的承诺和情感的承诺会正向影响长期关系导向.最后,本研究根据理论框架和研究结果提出相关建议和未来研究方向.     

Valuing and hedging fixed rate mortgage commitments

A fixed rate loan commitment that is binding on the lender but not on the loan applicant is equivalent to a put option. This article uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to establish a value for fixed rate loan commitments and to derive the hedge ratio for the lending institution to hedge the interest rate risk associated with the commitments in the FHLMC forward market for mortgages. The effectiveness of the resulting hedge is tested in a simulation, where it is found that the result is a 71% reduction in the variance of the value of the lender's gain or loss associated with the commitment period.     

国际贸易应用型人才培养问题探讨

地方应用型本科院校如何针对自身实际,突出专业特色,培养应用型人才,是目前有关方面人士着力探讨的问题。文中从国际贸易人才培养的角度,提出以"模拟实验"、"外贸单证实务操作"、"校企互动"等为特色的专业规划,成为应用型人才培养过程中的重要环节和现实手段的观点,以此带动整体专业建设水平的提高。     

企业员工组织承诺和工作绩效的相关研究

本研究以浙江绍兴某集团下属的5个子公司的320名企业员工为研究时象,根据调查问卷数据,分析发现:在规范承诺与继续承诺方面,不同学历和工龄员工具有显著差异.在情感承诺方面,不同工龄的员工显著差异.学历显著影响着人际互动、职业道德与工作效能.不同工作地点员工在规范承诺、继续承诺之间差异显著,但是与情感承诺无关.工作地点与工作绩效的各个维度都有显著差异.组织承诺各维度与工作绩效各维度之间存在显著相关.本文还尝试分析了增强企业员工情感承诺和规范承诺以提高员工工作绩效的相应措施.     

Auditing Standards in China—A Comparative Analysis with Relevant International Standards and Guidelines

The continuing and deepening economic reforms in China have brought many changes both socially and economically to the society. The primary function of auditing in China has begun to shift away from the traditional tax compliance assessment towards the credibility lending to financial statements. The economic reforms and the development of the Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises have necessitated the parallel development of auditing standards in China. While some significant differences exist, the new Chinese auditing standards are, in a number of important aspects, similar to the professional standards promulgated by the International Federation of Accountants. The development of a comprehensive body of standards, auditor independence, the role of certain auditing techniques, and certified public accountant (CPA) population are the major areas that China needs to improve. Opening up the Chinese accounting industry will trigger significant advances in the implementation of Chinese standards and the development of the Chinese accounting profession.     

“80”后知识型员工组织承诺行为一致性研究——基于贝叶斯估计模型和因子分析法的实证分析

随着"80后"这一代人走向社会成为企业人力资源的主力军,关于"80后"人员的组织行为研究成为热点。本文数据来自对企业组织中"80后"知识型员工的组织行为的问卷调查,采用因子分析、Bayes估计、Pearson、Spearman相关系数方法对组织承诺和工作绩效的关系进行分析,结果表明:(1)情感承诺与关系绩效和任务绩效存在强的正相关关系;(2)持续承诺对任务绩效有负影响与关系绩效存在弱的正相关关系;(3)规范承诺与关系绩效和任务绩效存在较强的正相关关系。     

地方本科高校会计专业综合改革探析

知识经济的发展,给会计工作和会计教育带来巨大的冲击和影响.应用型本科院校应本着为区域经济和社会发展服务的思想,以人才市场为导向,以社会需要为目标,从重新定位会计人才培养方向,优化课程体系,改善教学手段等方面进行专业综合改革.