《商用车驾驶室乘员保护》试验要求与方法研究

商用车驾驶室乘员保护作为商用车的一项重要安全性能要求越来越受到重视。本文主要介绍了我国正在制修订中的商用车驾驶室乘员保护标准,以及对欧洲现行法规及其修订案、美国法规和瑞典法规的试验要求及方法的对比分析,并对商用车驾驶室乘员保护标准的制订提出了一些参考建议。     

出口固定成本融资约束与企业出口行为

本文以企业的应收账款相对比例作为度量企业面临融资约束的代理变量,研究融资约束对企业出口行为的影响。本文得到的基本结论是:中国企业出口固定成本受到融资约束的影响,制约了企业的出口能力。出口退税政策是我国促进出口的主要政策,可以认为出口退税降低了企业的出口变动成本。而本文的研究表明出口固定成本同样对企业的出口行为有重要影响,为政府制定出口政策提供了新的思路和依据。本文的分析表明针对出口固定成本的出口促进政策相对于针对出口变动成本的出口促进政策,在福利效应和政策成本两个方面都具有优越性。     

财政分权、政府竞争与土地价格结构性偏离

财政分权背景下地方政府的财政约束和政府竞争是导致土地价格结构性偏离的根本原因。地方政府存在拉升商业用地和居住用地出让价格的倾向,金融宽松环境和投机行为盛行会使这两种土地出让价格存在正向偏离其理论地价的可能;而地方政府对流动性税基的争夺过程会导致工业用地出让价格低于其理论价格。工业用地价格与商业和居住用地价格正是在政府这两种反作用力量的作用下出现结构性偏离。     

有关知识产权保护的新思考

知识产权的制度经济学派从不同角度论证了知识产权保护可以提高资源配置效率.知识产权应该保护毋庸置疑,但是知识财产本身的特性决定了知识产权保护具有两面性.     

浅议公私权制衡理论

权力导致腐败,绝对的权力绝对导致腐败。公权的来源和本质决定了公权的行使不是任意毫无阻碍的,而应受到限制。考虑到执权者的个人素质问题,对公权行为的监管就更为必要。既要避免公权过分干预私权侵犯公民基本人权,又要防止公权在行使中由于方法和程序的不当侵犯人权,同时也要防范由于公权行使的不作为造成的在保障私权方面的公权缺位。用法律确定公权角色,使其既不缺位也不越位。     

西藏非物质文化遗产法律保护的实证分析

《保护非物质文化遗产公约》的通过是传统文化由传统方法保护转变为特殊权利方法保护的例证,也为西藏传统文化的保护提供了全新的范式。《非物质文化遗产保护法》无疑将成为西藏非物质文化遗产保护最基本的国内法依据,而包括宪法、民族区域自治法在内的规范性法律文件构成保护西藏非物质文化遗产的其他国内法渊源。当下,对于西藏非物质文化遗产的保护,我们在欢庆《非物质文化遗产保护法》出台的同时,应积极推进地方立法的工作。     

我国知识产权保护对FDI技术吸收能力的影响

在知识经济时代,有效知识产权保护制度的建立促进了新知识的产生和经济的增长。一方面,知识产权制度通过影响一国引入FDI的流量,进而对技术吸收能力产生一定的影响;另一方面,知识产权制度通过影响一国引入FDI的质量,进而对一国技术吸收能力产生重要影响。     

云南石林县的蕨类植物资源及其保护利用

在野外实地调查、标本采集、标本鉴定和文献资料整理的基础上,对云南石林县的蕨类植物资源进行研究。目前,共知有蕨类植物30科,57属,112种(包括变种和变型),其中有国家珍稀濒危保护蕨类植物2种。按照用途将这些植物划分为药用、观赏、食用、指示、化工原料、饲料和绿肥6种类型,分析了保护利用蕨类植物资源的必要性,并对如何保护和开发利用云南石林县的蕨类植物资源提出了建议。     

推进天保工程建设 构建林区和谐社会

本文针对2008年初我国南方出现的雪凝灾害对我县自然林区的破坏,现就如何继续推进天保工程建设,弥补我县林区损失,构建林区和谐社会作如下探讨。     

Updating Seminal Studies of Entrepreneurial Researchers in the 60's to the 90's

ABSTRACT

As early as the 1960's various researchers of African and Nigerian small business and entrepreneurship like P. Schatz, P. Kilby, J. Harris and M. Rowe, A. Ale, W. Nafziger, J. Wilde and others have been debating. Their argument is with attempt to trace and identify the factors which continue to stunt the growth and development of small and medium enterprises (SME's) and entrepreneurship in Africa and in Nigeria. The investigations carried out by these and other researchers on this subject should be accepted as pertinent and justifiable. This is especially so, in consideration of the abundant availability of both natural and mineral resources for use as raw materials within the continent. In addition, enormous amount of funds has been expended alongside immense attention and effort by governments towards the development of small-scale industries and entrepreneurship. A number of external factors therefore, like inadequate infrastructure, scarcity of machines, spare parts and equipment, lack of information, paucity of raw material supplies and problem with government policies and officials as well as cultural factors have been identified among the most serious obstacles. Internal factors such as poor organizational planning, problems of succession, inadequate re-investment of profits, lack of capital and poor managerial skills have also been noted by other researchers as main growth barriers. This research updated earlier work done by these different groups of researchers with reference to the small plastics manufacturing sector in Nigeria to see if there have been any changes in the last 10-30 years of study. The findings revealed that there has hardly been any significant difference in terms of improvement especially of external constraints observed between the 1960's and 1990's. However, the study found a number of progressive internal improvements being applied in other small plastic manufacturing businesses. Recently, some small plastics manufacturing entrepreneurs on their own initiative have learned to create and innovate various ways of coping with constraints facing their businesses independently.