中外合资经营企业投入资本的核算

随着对外开放政策的深入贯彻,上海浦东新区的开发,中外合资经营企业如雨后春笋般地涌现出来。为了在对外经济交往中便于各方面了解我国对合资企业会计工作的要求,进一步促进利用外资工作的开展,本刊特约沈海瑞同志系统撰述了一组有关“中外合资经营企业会计知识方面的文稿,自本期起连续在《国际商务知识讲座》专栏内刊载,以供有关方面参考。     

未来的战斗网电台——关键在于数字化

本文较系统地介绍了外军下一代战斗网电台的特点及其所采用的新概念、新工艺、新技术,其中主要包括:直接式数字频率合成法、扩展频谱数字调制、高速调制解调器、自动链路建立(ALE)、线路质量分析(LQA)、天跳器自适应跳频、自适应频率管理等。利用这些技术研制的新一代ECCM设备,能有效地对付敌方的干扰、测向和窃听活动,以及自然干扰、多径效应和频谱拥挤等问题。文章最后指出,目前努力的方向是:①在同盟军内建立各国统一的战斗网电台规范;②在各国的战术跳频通信网间建立互通性(接口电路);③建立有效的通信管理能力。     

功率MOS场效应晶体管的最新技术研制现状和应用动向

本文阐述了MOS系列功率器件的特性、绝缘栅双极型晶体管和集成型功率器件技术,以及它们的应用.     

劳动力市场是分割的吗?——"劳动力市场分割"经验研究文献综述

系统介绍国外在检验劳动力市场分割时所采用的各种经验方法,以及针对不同发达国家和发展中国家进行经验研究。这些经验研究所使用的数据既有横截面数据,也有时间序列和综列数据。综合这些研究,得到两个对于国内研究者具有现实指导意义的基本结论:一是在目前,总体来看,关于"劳动力市场是否是分割"这一经验问题并没有明确的答案;二是"二元理论"并未得到经验证据的有力支持。     

The financial impact of online customer reviews in the restaurant industry: A moderating effect of brand equity

The salient impact of electronic Word-of-Mouth (eWOM) on firm performance has been widely noticed by scholars and practitioners. While eWOM serves as an important source of information that helps reduce perceived uncertainty risks in service purchases, it is highly likely that other sources of information are simultaneously used with eWOM in the purchase decisions. Thus, this study empirically examined the financial effects of restaurant eWOM (review volume and review rating) and their changes in the presence of brand equity. Three-stage least squares analysis was employed in the empirical investigation. Our findings revealed that review volume and review rating contributed to restaurant profitability. Brand equity was found to moderate the effects of the review attributes on restaurants profitability, which implies that eWOM has a greater influence on the financial performance of weak-branded restaurants than strong-branded ones. Implications for researchers and practitioners are discussed.     

前沿经济理论视野下的数据要素研究进展

数字经济蓬勃发展，数据要素逐渐成为学术和政策讨论的重要议题。数据要素在要素特性、市场化机制、经济价值等方面相对传统生产要素有较大差异，对其研究亟待创新建模思路。经济学理论已经积累不少相关文献。文章着眼于数据要素的特性、市场化机制和经济价值，系统梳理了国内外相关文献，从前沿经济理论文献对数据要素的建模思路入手，进行了全面的总结和分析。首先，从隐私外部性和要素报酬两个角度入手梳理了前沿文献对于数据要素特性的探讨；其次，从数据要素的产权归属和交易机制设计两个层面梳理数据要素市场化相关文献；再次，总结文献中关于数据要素的经济价值和实证评估的研究；最后，列举应用前沿理论研究数据要素的方法创新方向，展望应用经济学理论研究中国数据要素实际问题的潜在思路。文章可为数据要素市场化的理论和政策研究提供一定的理论参考。     

Be a “Superhost”: The importance of badge systems for peer-to-peer rental accommodations

Many sharing-economy websites like Airbnb that offer vacation-rental options for travelers are very popular. However, few studies targeting the vacation-rental industry have investigated online reviews. To narrow this gap, this study focuses mainly on the gamification design developed by Airbnb that awards a “Superhost” badge to hosts who receive good reviews and observes how this can impact an accommodation's review volume and ratings. All available information regarding Airbnb accommodation offered in Hong Kong was retrieved from Airbnb's website. We then constructed a negative binomial model and a Tobit model with different independent variables and controlled a set of variables relating to accommodation characteristics. The results show that an accommodation with the “Superhost” badge is more likely to receive reviews and higher ratings. In addition, guests are willing to spend more on “Superhost” accommodations. Based on our findings, we present implications for research and host practice.     

Combining Statistical Evidence

The combination of evidence from independent studies has a curious history. The origins reach back at least to the beginning of the 20th century. Since the mid‐1970s, meta‐analysis has become popular in several fields, among them medical statistics and the behavioural sciences. The most widely used procedures were perfected in early papers, and subsequently, a kind of groupthink has taken hold of meta‐analysis. This explains the need for a review in a statistics journal, destined for a statistical audience. Meta‐analysis is not a hot research topic among graduate students in statistics, and by writing this article, we hope to change this. We wish to point out the shortcomings of the mainstream view and exhibit some of the open problems that await the attention of statistical researchers. A host of competent reviews of meta‐analysis have been published, and several book‐length treatments are also available. We have listed many of these in the bibliography but cannot guarantee completeness.     

世界城市指标体系研究的路径取向与方法拓展

指标体系研究是世界城市研究中的一个关键性问题.一般认为指标研究有助于更好地认识世界城市、把握世界城市的塑造规律.然而由于没有公认的指标体系和可靠的数据支撑,有关的指标研究进展并不顺利,一定意义上成为世界城市研究大繁荣中的一个"肮脏的小秘密"(Dirty Secret),影响到了对于世界城市全面认识.本文在理论回顾基础上区分并比较了世界城市指标体系构建的识别性、比较研究性和战略规划性三条路径,提出相关研究方法应当从以"识别"世界城市为导向拓展转变为以"塑造"世界城市为出发点.进而构建了一个由目标性和路径性指标群组成,涵盖城市规模、控制力、沟通力、效率、创新、活力、公平、宜居和可持续等9个组别的后发世界城市指标体系.     

The burden of immune thrombocytopenia in adults: Evaluation of the thrombopoietin receptor agonist romiplostim

Abstract

Background:

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a chronic, immune-mediated disease characterized by a transient or long-lasting decrease in platelet counts. ITP is associated with numerous serious clinical consequences. Discussed here are clinical aspects of ITP, the humanistic and economic burden of ITP, and current treatment options with a focus on romiplostim, a thrombopoietin (TPO) receptor agonist. The aim of this review is to provide decision-makers with the background information necessary to evaluate the value of romiplostim.

Scope:

PubMed was searched for relevant, English-language papers published from January 2006 through November 2011 relating to the epidemiology and treatment options of chronic ITP, and, focusing on the TPO mimetic romiplostim, patient-reported outcomes (PRO) and economic burden. Recent select conference abstracts were also reviewed.

Findings:

The initial clinical management of ITP (e.g., corticosteroids, immunoglobulins) is often associated with adverse events and recommended for short-term use only. Splenectomy, a potentially curative second-line treatment, is associated with increased risks of bleeding and infection, and patients often require additional long-term drug intervention. ITP and its sequelae are associated with a substantial burden on patients’ health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) and increased medical costs. Use of TPO receptor agonists in ITP patients may represent a more efficient use of healthcare resources than existing therapies.

Conclusion:

While this literature review is not a systematic review, e.g., it considers only approved therapies and published literature written in English, it provides a comprehensive overview of the clinical, humanistic, and economic factors that should be considered in treating ITP, particularly with new agents such as romiplostim. Among the limited number of safe and effective therapies currently available for chronic ITP, highly effective and well-tolerated medications such as romiplostim may reduce the healthcare resource utilization associated with ITP while improving patients’ HRQoL.