对环境税的经济学分析

随着我国经济的加速发展,环境问题越来越成为人们普遍关心的问题,成为影响经济进一步发展的制约因素。通过对环境税的经济学分析可以看出其较强的可行性和操作性。利用环境税矫正外部经济,从而达到运用税收手段保护环境的目的,是十分必要的。     

农村税费改革试点的进展、难点与政策思考——来自洪山农村税费改革一线的调查报告

农村税费改革是减轻农民负担、进一步保护和解放农村生产力、密切党群和干群关系的重大举措。目前,随州市洪山镇的农村税费改革工作已进行了三年。本文拟以洪山镇黄龙寺、火焰套等十余个行政村的调查为基础,介绍试点工作的进展和难点,并就如何完善农村税费改革作了一些初步探讨。     

消费税制的国际比较及其对我国的启示

消费税制改革是我国新一轮税制改革的任务之一。改革和完善我国消费税制，应借鉴国外一些成功经验，丰富和完善我国消费税的立法原则，适当扩大征税范围，调整税收负担，改革计税依据和征税方法。     

深化农村各项制度改革,从根本上解决三农问题

目前,“三农”问题严重制约了我国整体现代化进程。造成“三农”问题的根本原因是农村的各种旧体制已成为生产力发展的障碍。因此,要彻底解决“三农”问题,必须深化农村各项体制改革,实现体制的全面创新。     

WTO规则与我国高新技术产业税收优惠政策的冲突与协调

WTO规则是国际商业活动的基本规则。我国高新技术产业税收优惠政策中存在着与WTO规则的冲突 ,协调冲突的办法就是按 WTO规则对现行税收优惠政策进行协调与修订。     

新税法背景下的企业会计税务筹划措施分析

现代企业发展应维持较高财务内控能力,尤其在新税法大力推广后,企业需要对会计税务情况加以筹划,提升对发展目标的明确性。会计税务筹划良好开展,可将企业税负压力减轻,能帮助企业将利益最大化,提升企业竞争力。论文对会计税务筹划的概念加以分析,并结合企业发展契机,讨论其筹划应用意义,针对企业在新税法推广后的会计财务筹划现状,提出筹划中的可行性措施,以此降低企业税负压力,让企业具备发展新动力。     

人工智能行业税收政策建议

论文从中国人工智能的产业现状着手分析,依据人工智能行业发展特点及前景趋势,针对现阶段发展过程中出现的问题,在科技研发、应用推广和产业发展等方面提出了促进人工智能发展的税收优惠政策建议,以引导人工智能产业的健康可持续发展。     

Governance or reputation? Flexible tax enforcement and excess goodwill: Evidence from the taxpaying credit rating system in China

This study investigates the effect of flexible tax enforcement on firms’ excess goodwill using unique manually collected data on taxpaying credit rating in China from 2014 to 2021. We document that A-rated taxpayer firms have less excess goodwill; A-rated firms reduce excess goodwill by 0.005 vis-a-vis non-A-rated firms, which accounts for 100% of the mean value of excess goodwill. This finding holds after multiple robustness tests and an endogeneity analysis. Moreover, this negative effect is more pronounced in firms with low information transparency, that are non-state-owned and that are located in regions with low tax enforcement intensity. The channel test results suggest that taxpaying credit rating system as flexible tax enforcement reduces firms’ excess goodwill through a reputation-based effect and not a governance-based effect. This study reveals that the taxpaying credit rating system in China as flexible tax enforcement can bring halo effect to A rating firms, thereby limiting irrational M&As and breaking goodwill bubble.     

A graduates ’ satisfaction index for the evaluation of the university overall quality

In the higher educational setting, students provide a relevant contribution to the quality of educational services. In such a context, the measurement of the perceived quality and related satisfaction for the university experience are of primary interest to evaluate the efficiency and efficacy of the learning processes. In this contribution, we aim at assessing the overall quality of the graduates’ university experience in terms of internal and external efficacy by applying the ECSI (European Customer Satisfaction Index) methodology, based on structural equation models and primarily developed in the context of customer satisfaction. For this aim, we propose a modified ECSI model tailored for the higher educational setting, explicitly taking into account the differences among groups of degree program. The study is carried out on data collected by the AlmaLaurea surveys at the University of Florence (Italy) in the period 2014–2017 and concerns a sample of more than 2,000 graduates. We find out eight latent variables that contribute to define the overall quality of university experience. These variables are differently affected by the type of degree program, with the highest levels of external efficacy observed for degree programs belonging to the educational, health, and engineering groups. It also turns out that interventions on the internal efficacy (i.e., quality of hardware and quality of humanware) have a direct positive effect on the university (i.e., loyalty) and an indirect positive effect on the society (i.e., external efficacy).     

Playing the synthesizer with Canadian data: Adding polls to a structural forecasting model

Election forecasting has become a fixture of election campaigns in a number of democracies. Structural modeling, the major approach to forecasting election results, relies on ‘fundamental’ economic and political variables to predict the incumbent’s vote share usually a few months in advance. Some political scientists contend that adding vote intention polls to these models—i.e., synthesizing ‘fundamental’ variables and polling information—can lead to important accuracy gains. In this paper, we look at the efficiency of different model specifications in predicting the Canadian federal elections from 1953 to 2015. We find that vote intention polls only allow modest accuracy gains late in the campaign. With this backdrop in mind, we then use different model specifications to make ex ante forecasts of the 2019 federal election. Our findings have a number of important implications for the forecasting discipline in Canada as they address the benefits of combining polls and ‘fundamental’ variables to predict election results; the efficiency of varying lag structures; and the issue of translating votes into seats.