农民专业合作社主导因素与规范找寻

农民是农民专业合作社的产品供应者和理论受益者,对专业合作社的发展起决定作用。我国农民专业合作社的变迁路径是按照市场化取向由农民主导和选择的。我国农民专业合作社的发展正处于规范与发展并重的时期,是制度变迁的深化阶段。发展农民专业合作社符合农民的利益,应尊重农民的主体地位,正确处理政府推动与尊重农民意愿的关系,从而为进一步推动农民专业合作社健康、持续发展提供理论依据。     

中国棉花种植成本收益的演变

棉花是国家重要战略储备物资,历年棉花的播种面积、产量及价格,对棉花市场造成巨大影响,也影响着棉花产业的健康发展。研究棉花种植成本的变动,直接关系到棉农的经济收益。为对我国棉花种植收益的演变进行探析,文章基于1990~2013年中国棉花种植成本收益数据,运用趋势分析与比较分析法,对我国棉花种植成本收益的变化趋势进行研究。研究发现:(1)我国棉花种植成本由1990年265.63元/667m~2,增加到2013年2 177.5元/667m~2,增加了1 911.87元/667m~2,增长了7.2倍,年均增长率9.58%;(2)成本利润率由1990年的最大值102.87%,下降到2013年-9.87%的最低值,未来提高棉花成本利润率压力较大;(3)棉花出售价格变量与棉花种植的长期平均成本变量对棉花成本利润率影响显著,未来我国棉花种植是否能够获利,价格将成为关键影响因素。研究结论:(1)我国棉花种植成本收益正处于"高投入,低产出",规模报酬递减阶段;(2)棉花出售价格变量与棉花种植的长期平均成本变量,是影响我国棉花成本利润率关键变量,且棉花出售价格变量的影响更显著。研究建议:(1)完善我国棉花价格市场形成机制,避免棉花市场价格出现剧烈波动;(2)通过优化棉花生产环节,降低棉花生产成本;(3)贯彻落实国家生产补贴政策,使补贴资金及时、足额发放到户。     

The Narrow and Broad Approaches to Evolutionary Modeling in Economics

Some models in evolutionary economics rely on direct analogies to genetic evolution, assuming a population of firms with routines, technologies, and strategies on which forces of diversity generation and selection act. This narrow conception can build upon previous findings from evolutionary biology. Broader concepts of evolution allow many or just one adaptive entity, instead of necessarily requiring a population. Thus, an institution or a society can also be understood as an evolutionary entity. Both the narrow and broad approaches have been extensively used in the literature, albeit in different literature traditions. I provide an overview of the conception and development of both approaches to evolutionary modeling, and argue that a generalization is needed to realize the full potential of evolutionary modeling.     

全球化、柔性化、复合化、差异化:信息时代城市功能演变研究

结合信息技术对中国城市影响的实际,从信息技术影响下城市空间相互作用方式、空间结构的构成要素及其影响因素的变化出发,对信息时代国内城市功能特征进行研究变得尤为重要.全球化、柔性化、复合化、差异化已成为信息时代城市功能的主要特征；信息流和接入信息的能力变得尤为重要；每个城市都成为全球或区域城市网络的一个节点；部分服务的区位选择因此也表现出较大的弹性；城市居住空间分异仍然存在,影响因素越来越复杂.     

Veblen's critique of Marx's philosophical preconceptions of political economy

This paper explores some of the theoretical linkages between Thorstein Veblen and Karl Marx. Special reference is placed Veblen's criticisms of Marx and the Marxist tradition for adhering to the preconceptions of (a) the natural right of labour to the full product, and (b) the teleology of conscious agents directing action towards change. Veblen was incorrect to believe that Marx adhered to the natural right of labour thesis, but he was correct to assert that Marx utilized undesirable teleologies. Overall, however, Veblen was attempting to reformulate and modernise the materialistic conception of history through an evolutionary analysis of institutions. The two thinkers complement each other in important ways, although Veblen's analysis is more evolutionary, collectivist and holistic.     

全国图书交易博览会创新发展的思考

已经举办了21届的全国书市,给图书界留下喜悦和回味,其价值有:为举办地的文化建设带来很大的推动作用;是图书行业交流的盛会;对举办地和参展商具有重要的形象展示作用。同时全国书市也留下些许遗憾和问题,值得书业人深思和研究。未来的全国书市应该办成书会,其功能应该更加多元化。     

China’s telecommunications evolution,institutions, and policy issues on the eve of 5G: A two-decade retrospect and prospect

Over the past two decades, China’s telecommunications industry has witnessed drastic market reform, steadfast institutionalization, and volatile technological changes, which have driven exponential industry expansion. This paper offers an updated longitudinal and comprehensive review on this reform process on the eve of 5G (the fifth generation mobile communications networks). First, the paper segments the two-decade reform crusade into discernible phases, each of which is embedded with different policy drives. These reform phases are then pattern-matched against the subtleties of the overall institutional, technological, and market backdrop. A series of policy issues are identified through a systematic examination of industry phenomena over the reform course. Finally, the status of research is assessed regarding China’s telecom industry and reform, based on which, knowledge gaps are identified and future research agenda suggested. Conclusions are made regarding future reform and research imperatives. The paper advances the understanding of China’s telecom reform, development, and the underlying policy issues. It updates and expands previous works on similar topics. Overall, this study provides important theoretical, managerial, and policy implications.     

经济增长模型演化的知识图谱分析与共生理论：对日本的测算

首先运用知识图谱这种可视化工具,构建模型共被引网络,对经济增长模型的演化脉络进行分析;接着从博弈论的角度对经济增长模型的演化脉络进行模式分析,揭示出经济增长模型的包容式演化模式.最后根据共生理论,从经济增长中各行为主体收入分配的角度建立日本经济增长模型,对日本1955-2005年的经济增长因素进行分析,从而说明共生理论模型是经济增长模型的包容式演化的新进展,同时对中国经济发展方式转型提供了经验借鉴.     

Learning to choose a commodity-money: Carl Menger's theory of imitation and the search monetary framework

This paper studies Carl Menger's theory of the emergence of a commodity money. We propose an interpretation of Menger's learning by imitation process based on the search theoretical formal framework. We show that there exists a tension between the importance of intrinsic properties of commodities and the pure conventional self-fulfilling expectations of agents. This confirms the role of imitation in the emergence of monetary equilibria in search theory. We conclude that Menger's approach may support the idea that the fundamental property of a commodity-money (namely its great liquidity) is the result of its emergence process and not necessarily of its original intrinsic properties.     

中国转移支付制度规范过程中的利益分化与整合——新制度经济学视角下对中国转移支付演变的一个解释

中国的分税制自实行以来,在各类转移支付的演化过程中,税收返还制度保持了较好的刚性,一般性转移支付的分配规则较为完善,但执行机制普遍较弱,而专项转移支付的分配规则和执行机制均不完善。分析表明,分配规则和执行机制完善与否是中央、地方政府、主管部委以及相关领导者利益博弈的结果,他们之间不同的利益需求及力量对比可能是中国财政转移支付变迁的动因之一,而坚持推进制度化则是16年来转移支付改革的基本逻辑。