Drug testing and the law

This article examines judicial and administrative rulings and legislation involving or related to the issue of drug testing in the workplace. It discusses the rights of employees in the public and private sector: constitutional rights; federal, state, and local statutory rights; rights of unionized employees; and common law rights. It analyzes both the current state of the law and future directions the law may take, as courts and administrative agencies decide more cases and governmental bodies continue to pass drug testing legislation.     

Individual rights and organizational theory

Rights are very important concepts in everyday life. And they are especially important to participants in organizations. Yet, our theories of organization and management have largely ignored rights — stressing, instead, other concepts, such as goals, roles, etc. This article describes the historical significance of rights and their relevance in understanding social behavior. The advantages of a right-based organizational theory (versus traditional goal-based theories) are discussed.This article draws on the author's forthcoming book,A Social-Contract Theory of Organizations (University of Notre Dame Press, 1988).     

An alternative employee rights paradigm: Labor process theory

A dialectical relationship exists between the capitalist desire for accumulation of wealth and profits, and the rights of employees. Labor process theory exposes facets of the fundamental incongruity between the interests of employers and workers in a capitalist political economy. An analysis of employee rights through the labor process framework facilitates the potential for human emancipation by illuminating the ideological, political, and economic sources of domination and repression that are embedded in the capitalist system. In this article, three core elements of labor process theory—the social relations of production, the managerial control imperative, and the restructuring of work—are used to highlight ways in which organizations maintain their hegemonic position. This exposé offers the basis for an alternative paradigmatic view of the employment relationship and informs our thinking of how employee rights are impacted, and often tempered, in work organizations. Portions of this article were presented by both authors at the 12th Annual International Labour Process Conference March, 1994 in Birmingham, England.     

最终控制人特征与上市公司现金股利政策

本文以2002年-2004年上市公司的股利分配数据,实证检验了最终控制人的特征对上市公司现金股利政策的影响.结果表明.上市公司现金股利政策与最终控制人的侵害动机成反比,现金股利的支付率随着最终控制人控制权比例的增加呈先减少后增加的U形变动;两权分离程度越小,派发现金股利的水平就越大,但这种影响主要来自于较高的现金流量权,现金流量权比例越大,派发现金股利的概率和水平也越大;最终控制人性质为政府尤其是地方政府时,上市公司派发现金股利的概率和水平更高.     

解读会计信息产权

会计信息外部性的存在带来会计信息供求的冲突,解决此冲突的规则就是会计信息产权。会计信息产权需要界定才能发挥其应有的效能,会计信息产权的界定取决于对企业所有权分享、管制和道德等因素,企业所有权分享下的会计信息产权界定是初始的界定,无法完成初始界定时可采用管制方式进行强权界定,道德是会计信息产权界定不可缺少的因素。国企改革所滋生的各种问题的根源在于会计信息产权畸形性,欲抑制其畸形,正确处理国企所有权的分享问题的同时,建立“共同治理”的机制和“相机治理”机制是必不可少的。     

公共部门绩效管理系统再造

公务员绩效管理是公共部门人力资源管理的核心。本文通过深入分析我国当前公务员考核存在的问题,重点从理论上探讨了绩效管理系统的开发与设计,从实践上探索了绩效管理系统的实施与操作。     

论我国国有饭店的市场型委托代理模式--可行性与产权安排

国有饭店的改革问题一直是业界、学界和政府部门共同关注的问题，在分析了我国国有饭店现有的委托代理模式的基础上，对我国国有饭店实行市场型委托代理模式的可行性及其产权实现形式进行了研究。     

区分不同收入层次,启动农村消费

目前,消费不足是制约内需扩大和经济高效增长的关键因素。而在消费中,与城镇消费相比,农村消费严重滞后,因此刺激消费的重点在于启动农村消费。制约农村消费需求增长的因素有很多,然而针对不同收入层次的农民,影响其消费的各主要因素存在明显差异。因此,应区分不同收入层次,施以不同对策措施,启动农村消费。     

浅论我国民事反诉制度的完善

在民事诉讼制度中,反诉制度是一项重要的制度.英美法系对反诉制度功能的发挥持积极的态度,注重实用,利用反诉制度一次性解决与之相关的纠纷,同时对反诉严格区分为强制反诉与任意反诉;而大陆法系对反诉制度的功能持保守的态度,注重理论的完整性,严格遵守关联性要件理论.在对反诉作出深刻认识的基础上,通过对比英美法系与大陆法系不同的反诉观,利用我国现有的反诉理论,提出我国应当注重实用,引入英美法系的强制反诉理论,做为完善我国反诉制度的指向.     

谈创意产业发展中的知识产权保护问题

创意产业作为以知识产权为核心资产的新产业门类,正在成为全球经济和现代产业发展的一个新亮点而备受关注。知识产权是创意产业发展的基础,发展创意产业必须加强对知识产权的保护,以保障创意主体的合法权益,激发创意产业发展的活力。