美军分布式通用地面站系统的发展现状与趋势

作为美军情报接收、处理和分发的主要系统,近年来,分布式通用地面站系统（DCGS）在全球信息栅格(GIG)、云技术、大数据等新兴信息技术推动下取得了显著建设成果。简要介绍了美军各军种DCGS系统的项目进展,重点总结了空军DCGS-AF系统和陆军DCGS-A系统的发展现状及技术特性,包括DCGS-AF Block 10.2和DCGS-A 3.0 Griffin软件基线的架构和能力等,结合DCGS系统在伊拉克和阿富汗战场的作战应用分析了系统的未来发展趋势,以期为相关人员提供参考。     

情感计算与数字经济高质量发展的知识图谱分析

情感的识别和理解是类人智能机器的核心功能之一,并在数字经济高质量发展过程中发挥着愈发重要的角色。现阶段,针对人的情感做出智慧、灵敏、友好反应的计算系统正在多领域实现应用,计算机的拟人化程度不断提升,带来了人机共存社会交互模式的创新变革,形成了新的需求增长点,对经济社会发展产生了巨大的拉动作用。系统阐释了情感计算与消费转型升级、制造业数字化转型、数字经济治理的关系。通过中国知网检索CSSCI期刊中关于“情感计算”与“数字经济”在2014—2021年发表的文献,发现近年来发文量呈现显著增长态势,研究的重心从核心技术驱动逐步转向应用场景驱动,更加侧重于问题导向和需求导向。从情感计算与数字经济高质量发展的内在逻辑出发,总结了通过情感计算技术和应用,有效促进中国数字经济高质量发展的政策建议。     

基于激光点云的隧道开挖面岩体结构识别

地质编录是隧道施工过程中重要的一项工作,而传统的人工地质素描难以快速准确地反映隧道的地质状况。介绍一种从隧道三维点云数据自动提取隧道掌子面岩体结构面的方法。首先根据三维激光扫描仪的原理,采用先球面投影两次后平面投影的方法将三维点云投影到平面上,并保持点云间的相对拓扑关系,然后采用Delaunay算法重建隧道三角面片表面模型,最后计算每个三角面片的产状和到扫描中心的距离,采用聚类算法识别和分类隧道开挖岩体的结构面,并用不同颜色显示。通过对干巴沟隧道扫描数据分析,结果表明,采用该方法自动识别隧道结构面具有较好的效果,基本可以识别大部分岩体结构面。研究成果为隧道地质快速编录提供了一种方法。     

基于情感分析混合模型的用户评论主题分析——以vivo手机为例

为了帮助商家了解用户需求和产品问题,进一步提升产品和服务质量,对vivo手机评论数据进行基于关键词的词云图分析、社会语义网络分析、舆情时间序列可视化分析,挖掘用户关注焦点与手机特征的内在联系和用户情感倾向趋势;然后对评论数据进行基于LDA的主题特征分析,继而提出一种基于Word2vec和SVM、LDA的混合算法模型,挖掘用户正向和负向情感评论的潜在主题,得到不同情感倾向下用户对vivo手机不同方面的反映情况。分析结果表明,基于混合算法的挖掘结果比基于关键词的可视化分析、基于LDA的主题分析更清晰,更具准确性,为商家提供的建议更有意义。     

三角形灰云模型及其在银行信用评价中的应用

三角形灰云模型技术是现代银行信用评价所普遍使用的评价技术。采用三角形灰云模型信用评价方法,对浙商银行某支行2013年9月信用卡产生的相关业务进行实证分析,将客户信用划分为“优”“良”“中”“差”四个灰类级别,级别越高表明客户信用越好,级别越低表明客户的信用越差,从而为商业银行信贷决策提供依据。     

云计算环境下的审计业务模式变革研究简

云计算环境下的审计业务模式是未来审计信息化发展的必然趋势。在归纳了IT环境下审计业务模式演变并从IT和审计两个角度诠释“云审计”及其国内外研究应用现状的基础上,以审计业务流程为主线,从云服务与审计结合的技术场景、云计算环境下的审计业务流程实现步骤以及云计算应用所引起的审计业务风险变化三个方面出发,分析云计算环境下的审计业务模式变革,为掌握云计算应用所带来的审计业务流程变革、迎接云审计时代的到来提供理论基础。     

Groupware: Future directions and wild cards

Groupware is a perspective on telecommunications and computing that emphasizes the business team as “user,”; rather than the individual. This perspective and its associated products and services are riding a major wave of change: the trend toward business teams (small, cross‐organizational, ad hoc, task‐focused, time‐driven, cohesive work groups) as a primary mode of operation for the organization of the future. In this paper, I will explore future directions for the groupware perspective in the marketplace and the business teams wave. Current product classes will be presented, along with the experiences of early users of groupware. In addition to overall trends and future directions, possible wild cards will be introduced and discussed.     

Imagining futures: A collaborative policy/device design for wearable computing

The rapidly expanding market for wearable computing devices (wearables), driven by advances in information and communication technologies (ICT), wireless access, and public acceptance of a design aesthetic, is indicative of the near limitless potential for changing the relationship of users to information context(s). As the adoption of wearable devices spreads, there are cultural and social impacts that represent both barriers and opportunities, with subsequent policy ramifications. All too often designers, technologists, and policymakers operate independently developing products that are out of sync, lack interoperability, or are hindered by well meaning, but obstructive policy. This paper proposes a futures-based, iterative policy-informed design framework for developing wearable devices that guides interdisciplinary collaborators early in the process of designing a research & development plan. This approach allows for the development of “images of the future” through which various potential implications and effects of device design in social, technological, and regulatory contexts can be explored.     

Turn to the material: Remote diagnostics systems and new forms of boundary-spanning

To learn and adapt, organizations engage widely in Information Technology (IT)-mediated boundary-spanning. This involves making sense of a swath of peripheral information made available by digital means so as to expand local knowledge. Prior research on boundary-spanning has paid scant attention to material differences between IT systems in enabling or constraining such activity. In this article, we argue that material features do matter: features afforded by IT systems have a significant impact on the form and content of boundary-spanning. We analyze material features and related affordances provided by remote diagnostics systems – a family of ubiquitous IT systems. These features allow remote diagnostics systems to collect, store, and continuously analyze data about the state of machinery and related production processes across space, time and organizational boundaries. Organizations use these systems to determine when maintenance intervention is needed, or to improve their production processes. Often, these systems are run by external service providers at remote sites, which become the new ears and the eyes of a focal organization’s production processes. Building on a longitudinal multi-site case study of two organizations, we explore the impacts of remote diagnostics systems on boundary-spanning. We observe that material features afforded by the remote diagnostics led the organizations to change their boundary-spanning in contradictory ways. On one hand, they reinforced existing boundaries. On the other hand, they crossed or cut down others, or created new ones. This suggests that the material features of these systems, when combined with new knowledge creation and sharing practices, within and between the local and the remote sites generate richer, multi-faceted inter-organizational knowledge flows. We surmise that IT’s new material features will continue to significantly shape organizing logics that determine where and when organizational boundaries are drawn and crossed. Future boundary-spanning will increasingly be shaped by socio-technical assemblages brought together by increasingly pervasive IT capabilities.